var _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____=function(name){return (globalThis._wb_wombat && globalThis._wb_wombat.local_init && globalThis._wb_wombat.local_init(name))||globalThis[name];};if(!globalThis.__WB_pmw){globalThis.__WB_pmw=function(obj){this.__WB_source=obj;return this;}}{
let window = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("window");
let self = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("self");
let document = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("document");
let location = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("location");
let top = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("top");
let parent = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("parent");
let frames = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("frames");
let opener = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("opener");
/*! sprintf.js | Copyright (c) 2007-2013 Alexandru Marasteanu <hello at alexei dot ro> | 3 clause BSD license */

(function(ctx) {
	var sprintf = function() {
		if (!sprintf.cache.hasOwnProperty(arguments[0])) {
			sprintf.cache[arguments[0]] = sprintf.parse(arguments[0]);
		}
		return sprintf.format.call(null, sprintf.cache[arguments[0]], arguments);
	};

	sprintf.format = function(parse_tree, argv) {
		var cursor = 1, tree_length = parse_tree.length, node_type = '', arg, output = [], i, k, match, pad, pad_character, pad_length;
		for (i = 0; i < tree_length; i++) {
			node_type = get_type(parse_tree[i]);
			if (node_type === 'string') {
				output.push(parse_tree[i]);
			}
			else if (node_type === 'array') {
				match = parse_tree[i]; // convenience purposes only
				if (match[2]) { // keyword argument
					arg = argv[cursor];
					for (k = 0; k < match[2].length; k++) {
						if (!arg.hasOwnProperty(match[2][k])) {
							throw(sprintf('[sprintf] property "%s" does not exist', match[2][k]));
						}
						arg = arg[match[2][k]];
					}
				}
				else if (match[1]) { // positional argument (explicit)
					arg = argv[match[1]];
				}
				else { // positional argument (implicit)
					arg = argv[cursor++];
				}

				if (/[^s]/.test(match[8]) && (get_type(arg) != 'number')) {
					throw(sprintf('[sprintf] expecting number but found %s', get_type(arg)));
				}
				switch (match[8]) {
					case 'b': arg = arg.toString(2); break;
					case 'c': arg = String.fromCharCode(arg); break;
					case 'd': arg = parseInt(arg, 10); break;
					case 'e': arg = match[7] ? arg.toExponential(match[7]) : arg.toExponential(); break;
					case 'f': arg = match[7] ? parseFloat(arg).toFixed(match[7]) : parseFloat(arg); break;
					case 'o': arg = arg.toString(8); break;
					case 's': arg = ((arg = String(arg)) && match[7] ? arg.substring(0, match[7]) : arg); break;
					case 'u': arg = arg >>> 0; break;
					case 'x': arg = arg.toString(16); break;
					case 'X': arg = arg.toString(16).toUpperCase(); break;
				}
				arg = (/[def]/.test(match[8]) && match[3] && arg >= 0 ? '+'+ arg : arg);
				pad_character = match[4] ? match[4] == '0' ? '0' : match[4].charAt(1) : ' ';
				pad_length = match[6] - String(arg).length;
				pad = match[6] ? str_repeat(pad_character, pad_length) : '';
				output.push(match[5] ? arg + pad : pad + arg);
			}
		}
		return output.join('');
	};

	sprintf.cache = {};

	sprintf.parse = function(fmt) {
		var _fmt = fmt, match = [], parse_tree = [], arg_names = 0;
		while (_fmt) {
			if ((match = /^[^\x25]+/.exec(_fmt)) !== null) {
				parse_tree.push(match[0]);
			}
			else if ((match = /^\x25{2}/.exec(_fmt)) !== null) {
				parse_tree.push('%');
			}
			else if ((match = /^\x25(?:([1-9]\d*)\$|\(([^\)]+)\))?(\+)?(0|'[^$])?(-)?(\d+)?(?:\.(\d+))?([b-fosuxX])/.exec(_fmt)) !== null) {
				if (match[2]) {
					arg_names |= 1;
					var field_list = [], replacement_field = match[2], field_match = [];
					if ((field_match = /^([a-z_][a-z_\d]*)/i.exec(replacement_field)) !== null) {
						field_list.push(field_match[1]);
						while ((replacement_field = replacement_field.substring(field_match[0].length)) !== '') {
							if ((field_match = /^\.([a-z_][a-z_\d]*)/i.exec(replacement_field)) !== null) {
								field_list.push(field_match[1]);
							}
							else if ((field_match = /^\[(\d+)\]/.exec(replacement_field)) !== null) {
								field_list.push(field_match[1]);
							}
							else {
								throw('[sprintf] huh?');
							}
						}
					}
					else {
						throw('[sprintf] huh?');
					}
					match[2] = field_list;
				}
				else {
					arg_names |= 2;
				}
				if (arg_names === 3) {
					throw('[sprintf] mixing positional and named placeholders is not (yet) supported');
				}
				parse_tree.push(match);
			}
			else {
				throw('[sprintf] huh?');
			}
			_fmt = _fmt.substring(match[0].length);
		}
		return parse_tree;
	};

	var vsprintf = function(fmt, argv, _argv) {
		_argv = argv.slice(0);
		_argv.splice(0, 0, fmt);
		return sprintf.apply(null, _argv);
	};

	/**
	 * helpers
	 */
	function get_type(variable) {
		return Object.prototype.toString.call(variable).slice(8, -1).toLowerCase();
	}

	function str_repeat(input, multiplier) {
		for (var output = []; multiplier > 0; output[--multiplier] = input) {/* do nothing */}
		return output.join('');
	}

	/**
	 * export to either browser or node.js
	 */
	ctx.sprintf = sprintf;
	ctx.vsprintf = vsprintf;
})(typeof exports != "undefined" ? exports : window);

Modernizr.addTest('android',function(){return!!navigator.userAgent.match(/Android/i)});
Modernizr.addTest('chrome',function(){return!!navigator.userAgent.match(/Chrome/i)});
Modernizr.addTest('firefox',function(){return!!navigator.userAgent.match(/Firefox/i)});
Modernizr.addTest('iemobile',function(){return!!navigator.userAgent.match(/IEMobile/i)});
Modernizr.addTest('ie',function(){return!!navigator.userAgent.match(/MSIE/i)});
Modernizr.addTest('ie10',function(){return!!navigator.userAgent.match(/MSIE 10/i)});
Modernizr.addTest('ios',function(){return!!navigator.userAgent.match(/iPhone|iPad|iPod/i)});
Modernizr.addTest('retina',function(){var ratio="2.99/2";var num="1.499";var mqs=["only screen and (-o-min-device-pixel-ratio:"+ratio+")","only screen and (min--moz-device-pixel-ratio:"+ratio+")","only screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio:"+num+")","only screen and (min-device-pixel-ratio:"+num+")"];var isRetina=false;for(var i=mqs.length-1;i>=0;i--){isRetina=Modernizr.mq(mqs[i]);if(isRetina)return isRetina}return isRetina});
Modernizr.addTest('safari',function(){return!navigator.userAgent.match(/Chrome/i)&&!navigator.userAgent.match(/iPhone|iPad|iPod/i)&&!!navigator.userAgent.match(/Safari/i)});
/*!
 * jQuery UI Core @VERSION
 * http://jqueryui.com
 *
 * Copyright 2014 jQuery Foundation and other contributors
 * Released under the MIT license.
 * http://jquery.org/license
 *
 * http://api.jqueryui.com/category/ui-core/
 */
(function( $, undefined ) {

var uuid = 0,
	runiqueId = /^ui-id-\d+$/;

// $.ui might exist from components with no dependencies, e.g., $.ui.position
$.ui = $.ui || {};

$.extend( $.ui, {
	version: "@VERSION",

	keyCode: {
		BACKSPACE: 8,
		COMMA: 188,
		DELETE: 46,
		DOWN: 40,
		END: 35,
		ENTER: 13,
		ESCAPE: 27,
		HOME: 36,
		LEFT: 37,
		NUMPAD_ADD: 107,
		NUMPAD_DECIMAL: 110,
		NUMPAD_DIVIDE: 111,
		NUMPAD_ENTER: 108,
		NUMPAD_MULTIPLY: 106,
		NUMPAD_SUBTRACT: 109,
		PAGE_DOWN: 34,
		PAGE_UP: 33,
		PERIOD: 190,
		RIGHT: 39,
		SPACE: 32,
		TAB: 9,
		UP: 38
	}
});

// plugins
$.fn.extend({
	focus: (function( orig ) {
		return function( delay, fn ) {
			return typeof delay === "number" ?
				this.each(function() {
					var elem = this;
					setTimeout(function() {
						$( elem ).focus();
						if ( fn ) {
							fn.call( elem );
						}
					}, delay );
				}) :
				orig.apply( this, arguments );
		};
	})( $.fn.focus ),

	scrollParent: function() {
		var scrollParent;
		if (($.ui.ie && (/(static|relative)/).test(this.css("position"))) || (/absolute/).test(this.css("position"))) {
			scrollParent = this.parents().filter(function() {
				return (/(relative|absolute|fixed)/).test($.css(this,"position")) && (/(auto|scroll)/).test($.css(this,"overflow")+$.css(this,"overflow-y")+$.css(this,"overflow-x"));
			}).eq(0);
		} else {
			scrollParent = this.parents().filter(function() {
				return (/(auto|scroll)/).test($.css(this,"overflow")+$.css(this,"overflow-y")+$.css(this,"overflow-x"));
			}).eq(0);
		}

		return (/fixed/).test(this.css("position")) || !scrollParent.length ? $(document) : scrollParent;
	},

	zIndex: function( zIndex ) {
		if ( zIndex !== undefined ) {
			return this.css( "zIndex", zIndex );
		}

		if ( this.length ) {
			var elem = $( this[ 0 ] ), position, value;
			while ( elem.length && elem[ 0 ] !== document ) {
				// Ignore z-index if position is set to a value where z-index is ignored by the browser
				// This makes behavior of this function consistent across browsers
				// WebKit always returns auto if the element is positioned
				position = elem.css( "position" );
				if ( position === "absolute" || position === "relative" || position === "fixed" ) {
					// IE returns 0 when zIndex is not specified
					// other browsers return a string
					// we ignore the case of nested elements with an explicit value of 0
					// <div style="z-index: -10;"><div style="z-index: 0;"></div></div>
					value = parseInt( elem.css( "zIndex" ), 10 );
					if ( !isNaN( value ) && value !== 0 ) {
						return value;
					}
				}
				elem = elem.parent();
			}
		}

		return 0;
	},

	uniqueId: function() {
		return this.each(function() {
			if ( !this.id ) {
				this.id = "ui-id-" + (++uuid);
			}
		});
	},

	removeUniqueId: function() {
		return this.each(function() {
			if ( runiqueId.test( this.id ) ) {
				$( this ).removeAttr( "id" );
			}
		});
	}
});

// selectors
function focusable( element, isTabIndexNotNaN ) {
	var map, mapName, img,
		nodeName = element.nodeName.toLowerCase();
	if ( "area" === nodeName ) {
		map = element.parentNode;
		mapName = map.name;
		if ( !element.href || !mapName || map.nodeName.toLowerCase() !== "map" ) {
			return false;
		}
		img = $( "img[usemap=#" + mapName + "]" )[0];
		return !!img && visible( img );
	}
	return ( /input|select|textarea|button|object/.test( nodeName ) ?
		!element.disabled :
		"a" === nodeName ?
			element.href || isTabIndexNotNaN :
			isTabIndexNotNaN) &&
		// the element and all of its ancestors must be visible
		visible( element );
}

function visible( element ) {
	return $.expr.filters.visible( element ) &&
		!$( element ).parents().addBack().filter(function() {
			return $.css( this, "visibility" ) === "hidden";
		}).length;
}

$.extend( $.expr[ ":" ], {
	data: $.expr.createPseudo ?
		$.expr.createPseudo(function( dataName ) {
			return function( elem ) {
				return !!$.data( elem, dataName );
			};
		}) :
		// support: jQuery <1.8
		function( elem, i, match ) {
			return !!$.data( elem, match[ 3 ] );
		},

	focusable: function( element ) {
		return focusable( element, !isNaN( $.attr( element, "tabindex" ) ) );
	},

	tabbable: function( element ) {
		var tabIndex = $.attr( element, "tabindex" ),
			isTabIndexNaN = isNaN( tabIndex );
		return ( isTabIndexNaN || tabIndex >= 0 ) && focusable( element, !isTabIndexNaN );
	}
});

// support: jQuery <1.8
if ( !$( "<a>" ).outerWidth( 1 ).jquery ) {
	$.each( [ "Width", "Height" ], function( i, name ) {
		var side = name === "Width" ? [ "Left", "Right" ] : [ "Top", "Bottom" ],
			type = name.toLowerCase(),
			orig = {
				innerWidth: $.fn.innerWidth,
				innerHeight: $.fn.innerHeight,
				outerWidth: $.fn.outerWidth,
				outerHeight: $.fn.outerHeight
			};

		function reduce( elem, size, border, margin ) {
			$.each( side, function() {
				size -= parseFloat( $.css( elem, "padding" + this ) ) || 0;
				if ( border ) {
					size -= parseFloat( $.css( elem, "border" + this + "Width" ) ) || 0;
				}
				if ( margin ) {
					size -= parseFloat( $.css( elem, "margin" + this ) ) || 0;
				}
			});
			return size;
		}

		$.fn[ "inner" + name ] = function( size ) {
			if ( size === undefined ) {
				return orig[ "inner" + name ].call( this );
			}

			return this.each(function() {
				$( this ).css( type, reduce( this, size ) + "px" );
			});
		};

		$.fn[ "outer" + name] = function( size, margin ) {
			if ( typeof size !== "number" ) {
				return orig[ "outer" + name ].call( this, size );
			}

			return this.each(function() {
				$( this).css( type, reduce( this, size, true, margin ) + "px" );
			});
		};
	});
}

// support: jQuery <1.8
if ( !$.fn.addBack ) {
	$.fn.addBack = function( selector ) {
		return this.add( selector == null ?
			this.prevObject : this.prevObject.filter( selector )
		);
	};
}

// support: jQuery 1.6.1, 1.6.2 (http://bugs.jquery.com/ticket/9413)
if ( $( "<a>" ).data( "a-b", "a" ).removeData( "a-b" ).data( "a-b" ) ) {
	$.fn.removeData = (function( removeData ) {
		return function( key ) {
			if ( arguments.length ) {
				return removeData.call( this, $.camelCase( key ) );
			} else {
				return removeData.call( this );
			}
		};
	})( $.fn.removeData );
}





// deprecated
$.ui.ie = !!/msie [\w.]+/.exec( navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase() );

$.support.selectstart = "onselectstart" in document.createElement( "div" );
$.fn.extend({
	disableSelection: function() {
		return this.bind( ( $.support.selectstart ? "selectstart" : "mousedown" ) +
			".ui-disableSelection", function( event ) {
				event.preventDefault();
			});
	},

	enableSelection: function() {
		return this.unbind( ".ui-disableSelection" );
	}
});

$.extend( $.ui, {
	// $.ui.plugin is deprecated. Use $.widget() extensions instead.
	plugin: {
		add: function( module, option, set ) {
			var i,
				proto = $.ui[ module ].prototype;
			for ( i in set ) {
				proto.plugins[ i ] = proto.plugins[ i ] || [];
				proto.plugins[ i ].push( [ option, set[ i ] ] );
			}
		},
		call: function( instance, name, args ) {
			var i,
				set = instance.plugins[ name ];
			if ( !set || !instance.element[ 0 ].parentNode || instance.element[ 0 ].parentNode.nodeType === 11 ) {
				return;
			}

			for ( i = 0; i < set.length; i++ ) {
				if ( instance.options[ set[ i ][ 0 ] ] ) {
					set[ i ][ 1 ].apply( instance.element, args );
				}
			}
		}
	},

	// only used by resizable
	hasScroll: function( el, a ) {

		//If overflow is hidden, the element might have extra content, but the user wants to hide it
		if ( $( el ).css( "overflow" ) === "hidden") {
			return false;
		}

		var scroll = ( a && a === "left" ) ? "scrollLeft" : "scrollTop",
			has = false;

		if ( el[ scroll ] > 0 ) {
			return true;
		}

		// TODO: determine which cases actually cause this to happen
		// if the element doesn't have the scroll set, see if it's possible to
		// set the scroll
		el[ scroll ] = 1;
		has = ( el[ scroll ] > 0 );
		el[ scroll ] = 0;
		return has;
	}
});

})( jQuery );

/*!
 * jQuery UI Effects @VERSION
 * http://jqueryui.com
 *
 * Copyright 2014 jQuery Foundation and other contributors
 * Released under the MIT license.
 * http://jquery.org/license
 *
 * http://api.jqueryui.com/category/effects-core/
 */
(function($, undefined) {

var dataSpace = "ui-effects-";

$.effects = {
	effect: {}
};

/*!
 * jQuery Color Animations v2.1.2
 * https://github.com/jquery/jquery-color
 *
 * Copyright 2013 jQuery Foundation and other contributors
 * Released under the MIT license.
 * http://jquery.org/license
 *
 * Date: Wed Jan 16 08:47:09 2013 -0600
 */
(function( jQuery, undefined ) {

	var stepHooks = "backgroundColor borderBottomColor borderLeftColor borderRightColor borderTopColor color columnRuleColor outlineColor textDecorationColor textEmphasisColor",

	// plusequals test for += 100 -= 100
	rplusequals = /^([\-+])=\s*(\d+\.?\d*)/,
	// a set of RE's that can match strings and generate color tuples.
	stringParsers = [{
			re: /rgba?\(\s*(\d{1,3})\s*,\s*(\d{1,3})\s*,\s*(\d{1,3})\s*(?:,\s*(\d?(?:\.\d+)?)\s*)?\)/,
			parse: function( execResult ) {
				return [
					execResult[ 1 ],
					execResult[ 2 ],
					execResult[ 3 ],
					execResult[ 4 ]
				];
			}
		}, {
			re: /rgba?\(\s*(\d+(?:\.\d+)?)\%\s*,\s*(\d+(?:\.\d+)?)\%\s*,\s*(\d+(?:\.\d+)?)\%\s*(?:,\s*(\d?(?:\.\d+)?)\s*)?\)/,
			parse: function( execResult ) {
				return [
					execResult[ 1 ] * 2.55,
					execResult[ 2 ] * 2.55,
					execResult[ 3 ] * 2.55,
					execResult[ 4 ]
				];
			}
		}, {
			// this regex ignores A-F because it's compared against an already lowercased string
			re: /#([a-f0-9]{2})([a-f0-9]{2})([a-f0-9]{2})/,
			parse: function( execResult ) {
				return [
					parseInt( execResult[ 1 ], 16 ),
					parseInt( execResult[ 2 ], 16 ),
					parseInt( execResult[ 3 ], 16 )
				];
			}
		}, {
			// this regex ignores A-F because it's compared against an already lowercased string
			re: /#([a-f0-9])([a-f0-9])([a-f0-9])/,
			parse: function( execResult ) {
				return [
					parseInt( execResult[ 1 ] + execResult[ 1 ], 16 ),
					parseInt( execResult[ 2 ] + execResult[ 2 ], 16 ),
					parseInt( execResult[ 3 ] + execResult[ 3 ], 16 )
				];
			}
		}, {
			re: /hsla?\(\s*(\d+(?:\.\d+)?)\s*,\s*(\d+(?:\.\d+)?)\%\s*,\s*(\d+(?:\.\d+)?)\%\s*(?:,\s*(\d?(?:\.\d+)?)\s*)?\)/,
			space: "hsla",
			parse: function( execResult ) {
				return [
					execResult[ 1 ],
					execResult[ 2 ] / 100,
					execResult[ 3 ] / 100,
					execResult[ 4 ]
				];
			}
		}],

	// jQuery.Color( )
	color = jQuery.Color = function( color, green, blue, alpha ) {
		return new jQuery.Color.fn.parse( color, green, blue, alpha );
	},
	spaces = {
		rgba: {
			props: {
				red: {
					idx: 0,
					type: "byte"
				},
				green: {
					idx: 1,
					type: "byte"
				},
				blue: {
					idx: 2,
					type: "byte"
				}
			}
		},

		hsla: {
			props: {
				hue: {
					idx: 0,
					type: "degrees"
				},
				saturation: {
					idx: 1,
					type: "percent"
				},
				lightness: {
					idx: 2,
					type: "percent"
				}
			}
		}
	},
	propTypes = {
		"byte": {
			floor: true,
			max: 255
		},
		"percent": {
			max: 1
		},
		"degrees": {
			mod: 360,
			floor: true
		}
	},
	support = color.support = {},

	// element for support tests
	supportElem = jQuery( "<p>" )[ 0 ],

	// colors = jQuery.Color.names
	colors,

	// local aliases of functions called often
	each = jQuery.each;

// determine rgba support immediately
supportElem.style.cssText = "background-color:rgba(1,1,1,.5)";
support.rgba = supportElem.style.backgroundColor.indexOf( "rgba" ) > -1;

// define cache name and alpha properties
// for rgba and hsla spaces
each( spaces, function( spaceName, space ) {
	space.cache = "_" + spaceName;
	space.props.alpha = {
		idx: 3,
		type: "percent",
		def: 1
	};
});

function clamp( value, prop, allowEmpty ) {
	var type = propTypes[ prop.type ] || {};

	if ( value == null ) {
		return (allowEmpty || !prop.def) ? null : prop.def;
	}

	// ~~ is an short way of doing floor for positive numbers
	value = type.floor ? ~~value : parseFloat( value );

	// IE will pass in empty strings as value for alpha,
	// which will hit this case
	if ( isNaN( value ) ) {
		return prop.def;
	}

	if ( type.mod ) {
		// we add mod before modding to make sure that negatives values
		// get converted properly: -10 -> 350
		return (value + type.mod) % type.mod;
	}

	// for now all property types without mod have min and max
	return 0 > value ? 0 : type.max < value ? type.max : value;
}

function stringParse( string ) {
	var inst = color(),
		rgba = inst._rgba = [];

	string = string.toLowerCase();

	each( stringParsers, function( i, parser ) {
		var parsed,
			match = parser.re.exec( string ),
			values = match && parser.parse( match ),
			spaceName = parser.space || "rgba";

		if ( values ) {
			parsed = inst[ spaceName ]( values );

			// if this was an rgba parse the assignment might happen twice
			// oh well....
			inst[ spaces[ spaceName ].cache ] = parsed[ spaces[ spaceName ].cache ];
			rgba = inst._rgba = parsed._rgba;

			// exit each( stringParsers ) here because we matched
			return false;
		}
	});

	// Found a stringParser that handled it
	if ( rgba.length ) {

		// if this came from a parsed string, force "transparent" when alpha is 0
		// chrome, (and maybe others) return "transparent" as rgba(0,0,0,0)
		if ( rgba.join() === "0,0,0,0" ) {
			jQuery.extend( rgba, colors.transparent );
		}
		return inst;
	}

	// named colors
	return colors[ string ];
}

color.fn = jQuery.extend( color.prototype, {
	parse: function( red, green, blue, alpha ) {
		if ( red === undefined ) {
			this._rgba = [ null, null, null, null ];
			return this;
		}
		if ( red.jquery || red.nodeType ) {
			red = jQuery( red ).css( green );
			green = undefined;
		}

		var inst = this,
			type = jQuery.type( red ),
			rgba = this._rgba = [];

		// more than 1 argument specified - assume ( red, green, blue, alpha )
		if ( green !== undefined ) {
			red = [ red, green, blue, alpha ];
			type = "array";
		}

		if ( type === "string" ) {
			return this.parse( stringParse( red ) || colors._default );
		}

		if ( type === "array" ) {
			each( spaces.rgba.props, function( key, prop ) {
				rgba[ prop.idx ] = clamp( red[ prop.idx ], prop );
			});
			return this;
		}

		if ( type === "object" ) {
			if ( red instanceof color ) {
				each( spaces, function( spaceName, space ) {
					if ( red[ space.cache ] ) {
						inst[ space.cache ] = red[ space.cache ].slice();
					}
				});
			} else {
				each( spaces, function( spaceName, space ) {
					var cache = space.cache;
					each( space.props, function( key, prop ) {

						// if the cache doesn't exist, and we know how to convert
						if ( !inst[ cache ] && space.to ) {

							// if the value was null, we don't need to copy it
							// if the key was alpha, we don't need to copy it either
							if ( key === "alpha" || red[ key ] == null ) {
								return;
							}
							inst[ cache ] = space.to( inst._rgba );
						}

						// this is the only case where we allow nulls for ALL properties.
						// call clamp with alwaysAllowEmpty
						inst[ cache ][ prop.idx ] = clamp( red[ key ], prop, true );
					});

					// everything defined but alpha?
					if ( inst[ cache ] && jQuery.inArray( null, inst[ cache ].slice( 0, 3 ) ) < 0 ) {
						// use the default of 1
						inst[ cache ][ 3 ] = 1;
						if ( space.from ) {
							inst._rgba = space.from( inst[ cache ] );
						}
					}
				});
			}
			return this;
		}
	},
	is: function( compare ) {
		var is = color( compare ),
			same = true,
			inst = this;

		each( spaces, function( _, space ) {
			var localCache,
				isCache = is[ space.cache ];
			if (isCache) {
				localCache = inst[ space.cache ] || space.to && space.to( inst._rgba ) || [];
				each( space.props, function( _, prop ) {
					if ( isCache[ prop.idx ] != null ) {
						same = ( isCache[ prop.idx ] === localCache[ prop.idx ] );
						return same;
					}
				});
			}
			return same;
		});
		return same;
	},
	_space: function() {
		var used = [],
			inst = this;
		each( spaces, function( spaceName, space ) {
			if ( inst[ space.cache ] ) {
				used.push( spaceName );
			}
		});
		return used.pop();
	},
	transition: function( other, distance ) {
		var end = color( other ),
			spaceName = end._space(),
			space = spaces[ spaceName ],
			startColor = this.alpha() === 0 ? color( "transparent" ) : this,
			start = startColor[ space.cache ] || space.to( startColor._rgba ),
			result = start.slice();

		end = end[ space.cache ];
		each( space.props, function( key, prop ) {
			var index = prop.idx,
				startValue = start[ index ],
				endValue = end[ index ],
				type = propTypes[ prop.type ] || {};

			// if null, don't override start value
			if ( endValue === null ) {
				return;
			}
			// if null - use end
			if ( startValue === null ) {
				result[ index ] = endValue;
			} else {
				if ( type.mod ) {
					if ( endValue - startValue > type.mod / 2 ) {
						startValue += type.mod;
					} else if ( startValue - endValue > type.mod / 2 ) {
						startValue -= type.mod;
					}
				}
				result[ index ] = clamp( ( endValue - startValue ) * distance + startValue, prop );
			}
		});
		return this[ spaceName ]( result );
	},
	blend: function( opaque ) {
		// if we are already opaque - return ourself
		if ( this._rgba[ 3 ] === 1 ) {
			return this;
		}

		var rgb = this._rgba.slice(),
			a = rgb.pop(),
			blend = color( opaque )._rgba;

		return color( jQuery.map( rgb, function( v, i ) {
			return ( 1 - a ) * blend[ i ] + a * v;
		}));
	},
	toRgbaString: function() {
		var prefix = "rgba(",
			rgba = jQuery.map( this._rgba, function( v, i ) {
				return v == null ? ( i > 2 ? 1 : 0 ) : v;
			});

		if ( rgba[ 3 ] === 1 ) {
			rgba.pop();
			prefix = "rgb(";
		}

		return prefix + rgba.join() + ")";
	},
	toHslaString: function() {
		var prefix = "hsla(",
			hsla = jQuery.map( this.hsla(), function( v, i ) {
				if ( v == null ) {
					v = i > 2 ? 1 : 0;
				}

				// catch 1 and 2
				if ( i && i < 3 ) {
					v = Math.round( v * 100 ) + "%";
				}
				return v;
			});

		if ( hsla[ 3 ] === 1 ) {
			hsla.pop();
			prefix = "hsl(";
		}
		return prefix + hsla.join() + ")";
	},
	toHexString: function( includeAlpha ) {
		var rgba = this._rgba.slice(),
			alpha = rgba.pop();

		if ( includeAlpha ) {
			rgba.push( ~~( alpha * 255 ) );
		}

		return "#" + jQuery.map( rgba, function( v ) {

			// default to 0 when nulls exist
			v = ( v || 0 ).toString( 16 );
			return v.length === 1 ? "0" + v : v;
		}).join("");
	},
	toString: function() {
		return this._rgba[ 3 ] === 0 ? "transparent" : this.toRgbaString();
	}
});
color.fn.parse.prototype = color.fn;

// hsla conversions adapted from:
// https://code.google.com/p/maashaack/source/browse/packages/graphics/trunk/src/graphics/colors/HUE2RGB.as?r=5021

function hue2rgb( p, q, h ) {
	h = ( h + 1 ) % 1;
	if ( h * 6 < 1 ) {
		return p + (q - p) * h * 6;
	}
	if ( h * 2 < 1) {
		return q;
	}
	if ( h * 3 < 2 ) {
		return p + (q - p) * ((2/3) - h) * 6;
	}
	return p;
}

spaces.hsla.to = function ( rgba ) {
	if ( rgba[ 0 ] == null || rgba[ 1 ] == null || rgba[ 2 ] == null ) {
		return [ null, null, null, rgba[ 3 ] ];
	}
	var r = rgba[ 0 ] / 255,
		g = rgba[ 1 ] / 255,
		b = rgba[ 2 ] / 255,
		a = rgba[ 3 ],
		max = Math.max( r, g, b ),
		min = Math.min( r, g, b ),
		diff = max - min,
		add = max + min,
		l = add * 0.5,
		h, s;

	if ( min === max ) {
		h = 0;
	} else if ( r === max ) {
		h = ( 60 * ( g - b ) / diff ) + 360;
	} else if ( g === max ) {
		h = ( 60 * ( b - r ) / diff ) + 120;
	} else {
		h = ( 60 * ( r - g ) / diff ) + 240;
	}

	// chroma (diff) == 0 means greyscale which, by definition, saturation = 0%
	// otherwise, saturation is based on the ratio of chroma (diff) to lightness (add)
	if ( diff === 0 ) {
		s = 0;
	} else if ( l <= 0.5 ) {
		s = diff / add;
	} else {
		s = diff / ( 2 - add );
	}
	return [ Math.round(h) % 360, s, l, a == null ? 1 : a ];
};

spaces.hsla.from = function ( hsla ) {
	if ( hsla[ 0 ] == null || hsla[ 1 ] == null || hsla[ 2 ] == null ) {
		return [ null, null, null, hsla[ 3 ] ];
	}
	var h = hsla[ 0 ] / 360,
		s = hsla[ 1 ],
		l = hsla[ 2 ],
		a = hsla[ 3 ],
		q = l <= 0.5 ? l * ( 1 + s ) : l + s - l * s,
		p = 2 * l - q;

	return [
		Math.round( hue2rgb( p, q, h + ( 1 / 3 ) ) * 255 ),
		Math.round( hue2rgb( p, q, h ) * 255 ),
		Math.round( hue2rgb( p, q, h - ( 1 / 3 ) ) * 255 ),
		a
	];
};


each( spaces, function( spaceName, space ) {
	var props = space.props,
		cache = space.cache,
		to = space.to,
		from = space.from;

	// makes rgba() and hsla()
	color.fn[ spaceName ] = function( value ) {

		// generate a cache for this space if it doesn't exist
		if ( to && !this[ cache ] ) {
			this[ cache ] = to( this._rgba );
		}
		if ( value === undefined ) {
			return this[ cache ].slice();
		}

		var ret,
			type = jQuery.type( value ),
			arr = ( type === "array" || type === "object" ) ? value : arguments,
			local = this[ cache ].slice();

		each( props, function( key, prop ) {
			var val = arr[ type === "object" ? key : prop.idx ];
			if ( val == null ) {
				val = local[ prop.idx ];
			}
			local[ prop.idx ] = clamp( val, prop );
		});

		if ( from ) {
			ret = color( from( local ) );
			ret[ cache ] = local;
			return ret;
		} else {
			return color( local );
		}
	};

	// makes red() green() blue() alpha() hue() saturation() lightness()
	each( props, function( key, prop ) {
		// alpha is included in more than one space
		if ( color.fn[ key ] ) {
			return;
		}
		color.fn[ key ] = function( value ) {
			var vtype = jQuery.type( value ),
				fn = ( key === "alpha" ? ( this._hsla ? "hsla" : "rgba" ) : spaceName ),
				local = this[ fn ](),
				cur = local[ prop.idx ],
				match;

			if ( vtype === "undefined" ) {
				return cur;
			}

			if ( vtype === "function" ) {
				value = value.call( this, cur );
				vtype = jQuery.type( value );
			}
			if ( value == null && prop.empty ) {
				return this;
			}
			if ( vtype === "string" ) {
				match = rplusequals.exec( value );
				if ( match ) {
					value = cur + parseFloat( match[ 2 ] ) * ( match[ 1 ] === "+" ? 1 : -1 );
				}
			}
			local[ prop.idx ] = value;
			return this[ fn ]( local );
		};
	});
});

// add cssHook and .fx.step function for each named hook.
// accept a space separated string of properties
color.hook = function( hook ) {
	var hooks = hook.split( " " );
	each( hooks, function( i, hook ) {
		jQuery.cssHooks[ hook ] = {
			set: function( elem, value ) {
				var parsed, curElem,
					backgroundColor = "";

				if ( value !== "transparent" && ( jQuery.type( value ) !== "string" || ( parsed = stringParse( value ) ) ) ) {
					value = color( parsed || value );
					if ( !support.rgba && value._rgba[ 3 ] !== 1 ) {
						curElem = hook === "backgroundColor" ? elem.parentNode : elem;
						while (
							(backgroundColor === "" || backgroundColor === "transparent") &&
							curElem && curElem.style
						) {
							try {
								backgroundColor = jQuery.css( curElem, "backgroundColor" );
								curElem = curElem.parentNode;
							} catch ( e ) {
							}
						}

						value = value.blend( backgroundColor && backgroundColor !== "transparent" ?
							backgroundColor :
							"_default" );
					}

					value = value.toRgbaString();
				}
				try {
					elem.style[ hook ] = value;
				} catch( e ) {
					// wrapped to prevent IE from throwing errors on "invalid" values like 'auto' or 'inherit'
				}
			}
		};
		jQuery.fx.step[ hook ] = function( fx ) {
			if ( !fx.colorInit ) {
				fx.start = color( fx.elem, hook );
				fx.end = color( fx.end );
				fx.colorInit = true;
			}
			jQuery.cssHooks[ hook ].set( fx.elem, fx.start.transition( fx.end, fx.pos ) );
		};
	});

};

color.hook( stepHooks );

jQuery.cssHooks.borderColor = {
	expand: function( value ) {
		var expanded = {};

		each( [ "Top", "Right", "Bottom", "Left" ], function( i, part ) {
			expanded[ "border" + part + "Color" ] = value;
		});
		return expanded;
	}
};

// Basic color names only.
// Usage of any of the other color names requires adding yourself or including
// jquery.color.svg-names.js.
colors = jQuery.Color.names = {
	// 4.1. Basic color keywords
	aqua: "#00ffff",
	black: "#000000",
	blue: "#0000ff",
	fuchsia: "#ff00ff",
	gray: "#808080",
	green: "#008000",
	lime: "#00ff00",
	maroon: "#800000",
	navy: "#000080",
	olive: "#808000",
	purple: "#800080",
	red: "#ff0000",
	silver: "#c0c0c0",
	teal: "#008080",
	white: "#ffffff",
	yellow: "#ffff00",

	// 4.2.3. "transparent" color keyword
	transparent: [ null, null, null, 0 ],

	_default: "#ffffff"
};

})( jQuery );


/******************************************************************************/
/****************************** CLASS ANIMATIONS ******************************/
/******************************************************************************/
(function() {

var classAnimationActions = [ "add", "remove", "toggle" ],
	shorthandStyles = {
		border: 1,
		borderBottom: 1,
		borderColor: 1,
		borderLeft: 1,
		borderRight: 1,
		borderTop: 1,
		borderWidth: 1,
		margin: 1,
		padding: 1
	};

$.each([ "borderLeftStyle", "borderRightStyle", "borderBottomStyle", "borderTopStyle" ], function( _, prop ) {
	$.fx.step[ prop ] = function( fx ) {
		if ( fx.end !== "none" && !fx.setAttr || fx.pos === 1 && !fx.setAttr ) {
			jQuery.style( fx.elem, prop, fx.end );
			fx.setAttr = true;
		}
	};
});

function getElementStyles( elem ) {
	var key, len,
		style = elem.ownerDocument.defaultView ?
			elem.ownerDocument.defaultView.getComputedStyle( elem, null ) :
			elem.currentStyle,
		styles = {};

	if ( style && style.length && style[ 0 ] && style[ style[ 0 ] ] ) {
		len = style.length;
		while ( len-- ) {
			key = style[ len ];
			if ( typeof style[ key ] === "string" ) {
				styles[ $.camelCase( key ) ] = style[ key ];
			}
		}
	// support: Opera, IE <9
	} else {
		for ( key in style ) {
			if ( typeof style[ key ] === "string" ) {
				styles[ key ] = style[ key ];
			}
		}
	}

	return styles;
}


function styleDifference( oldStyle, newStyle ) {
	var diff = {},
		name, value;

	for ( name in newStyle ) {
		value = newStyle[ name ];
		if ( oldStyle[ name ] !== value ) {
			if ( !shorthandStyles[ name ] ) {
				if ( $.fx.step[ name ] || !isNaN( parseFloat( value ) ) ) {
					diff[ name ] = value;
				}
			}
		}
	}

	return diff;
}

// support: jQuery <1.8
if ( !$.fn.addBack ) {
	$.fn.addBack = function( selector ) {
		return this.add( selector == null ?
			this.prevObject : this.prevObject.filter( selector )
		);
	};
}

$.effects.animateClass = function( value, duration, easing, callback ) {
	var o = $.speed( duration, easing, callback );

	return this.queue( function() {
		var animated = $( this ),
			baseClass = animated.attr( "class" ) || "",
			applyClassChange,
			allAnimations = o.children ? animated.find( "*" ).addBack() : animated;

		// map the animated objects to store the original styles.
		allAnimations = allAnimations.map(function() {
			var el = $( this );
			return {
				el: el,
				start: getElementStyles( this )
			};
		});

		// apply class change
		applyClassChange = function() {
			$.each( classAnimationActions, function(i, action) {
				if ( value[ action ] ) {
					animated[ action + "Class" ]( value[ action ] );
				}
			});
		};
		applyClassChange();

		// map all animated objects again - calculate new styles and diff
		allAnimations = allAnimations.map(function() {
			this.end = getElementStyles( this.el[ 0 ] );
			this.diff = styleDifference( this.start, this.end );
			return this;
		});

		// apply original class
		animated.attr( "class", baseClass );

		// map all animated objects again - this time collecting a promise
		allAnimations = allAnimations.map(function() {
			var styleInfo = this,
				dfd = $.Deferred(),
				opts = $.extend({}, o, {
					queue: false,
					complete: function() {
						dfd.resolve( styleInfo );
					}
				});

			this.el.animate( this.diff, opts );
			return dfd.promise();
		});

		// once all animations have completed:
		$.when.apply( $, allAnimations.get() ).done(function() {

			// set the final class
			applyClassChange();

			// for each animated element,
			// clear all css properties that were animated
			$.each( arguments, function() {
				var el = this.el;
				$.each( this.diff, function(key) {
					el.css( key, "" );
				});
			});

			// this is guarnteed to be there if you use jQuery.speed()
			// it also handles dequeuing the next anim...
			o.complete.call( animated[ 0 ] );
		});
	});
};

$.fn.extend({
	addClass: (function( orig ) {
		return function( classNames, speed, easing, callback ) {
			return speed ?
				$.effects.animateClass.call( this,
					{ add: classNames }, speed, easing, callback ) :
				orig.apply( this, arguments );
		};
	})( $.fn.addClass ),

	removeClass: (function( orig ) {
		return function( classNames, speed, easing, callback ) {
			return arguments.length > 1 ?
				$.effects.animateClass.call( this,
					{ remove: classNames }, speed, easing, callback ) :
				orig.apply( this, arguments );
		};
	})( $.fn.removeClass ),

	toggleClass: (function( orig ) {
		return function( classNames, force, speed, easing, callback ) {
			if ( typeof force === "boolean" || force === undefined ) {
				if ( !speed ) {
					// without speed parameter
					return orig.apply( this, arguments );
				} else {
					return $.effects.animateClass.call( this,
						(force ? { add: classNames } : { remove: classNames }),
						speed, easing, callback );
				}
			} else {
				// without force parameter
				return $.effects.animateClass.call( this,
					{ toggle: classNames }, force, speed, easing );
			}
		};
	})( $.fn.toggleClass ),

	switchClass: function( remove, add, speed, easing, callback) {
		return $.effects.animateClass.call( this, {
			add: add,
			remove: remove
		}, speed, easing, callback );
	}
});

})();

/******************************************************************************/
/*********************************** EFFECTS **********************************/
/******************************************************************************/

(function() {

$.extend( $.effects, {
	version: "@VERSION",

	// Saves a set of properties in a data storage
	save: function( element, set ) {
		for( var i=0; i < set.length; i++ ) {
			if ( set[ i ] !== null ) {
				element.data( dataSpace + set[ i ], element[ 0 ].style[ set[ i ] ] );
			}
		}
	},

	// Restores a set of previously saved properties from a data storage
	restore: function( element, set ) {
		var val, i;
		for( i=0; i < set.length; i++ ) {
			if ( set[ i ] !== null ) {
				val = element.data( dataSpace + set[ i ] );
				// support: jQuery 1.6.2
				// http://bugs.jquery.com/ticket/9917
				// jQuery 1.6.2 incorrectly returns undefined for any falsy value.
				// We can't differentiate between "" and 0 here, so we just assume
				// empty string since it's likely to be a more common value...
				if ( val === undefined ) {
					val = "";
				}
				element.css( set[ i ], val );
			}
		}
	},

	setMode: function( el, mode ) {
		if (mode === "toggle") {
			mode = el.is( ":hidden" ) ? "show" : "hide";
		}
		return mode;
	},

	// Translates a [top,left] array into a baseline value
	// this should be a little more flexible in the future to handle a string & hash
	getBaseline: function( origin, original ) {
		var y, x;
		switch ( origin[ 0 ] ) {
			case "top": y = 0; break;
			case "middle": y = 0.5; break;
			case "bottom": y = 1; break;
			default: y = origin[ 0 ] / original.height;
		}
		switch ( origin[ 1 ] ) {
			case "left": x = 0; break;
			case "center": x = 0.5; break;
			case "right": x = 1; break;
			default: x = origin[ 1 ] / original.width;
		}
		return {
			x: x,
			y: y
		};
	},

	// Wraps the element around a wrapper that copies position properties
	createWrapper: function( element ) {

		// if the element is already wrapped, return it
		if ( element.parent().is( ".ui-effects-wrapper" )) {
			return element.parent();
		}

		// wrap the element
		var props = {
				width: element.outerWidth(true),
				height: element.outerHeight(true),
				"float": element.css( "float" )
			},
			wrapper = $( "<div></div>" )
				.addClass( "ui-effects-wrapper" )
				.css({
					fontSize: "100%",
					background: "transparent",
					border: "none",
					margin: 0,
					padding: 0
				}),
			// Store the size in case width/height are defined in % - Fixes #5245
			size = {
				width: element.width(),
				height: element.height()
			},
			active = document.activeElement;

		// support: Firefox
		// Firefox incorrectly exposes anonymous content
		// https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=561664
		try {
			active.id;
		} catch( e ) {
			active = document.body;
		}

		element.wrap( wrapper );

		// Fixes #7595 - Elements lose focus when wrapped.
		if ( element[ 0 ] === active || $.contains( element[ 0 ], active ) ) {
			$( active ).focus();
		}

		wrapper = element.parent(); //Hotfix for jQuery 1.4 since some change in wrap() seems to actually lose the reference to the wrapped element

		// transfer positioning properties to the wrapper
		if ( element.css( "position" ) === "static" ) {
			wrapper.css({ position: "relative" });
			element.css({ position: "relative" });
		} else {
			$.extend( props, {
				position: element.css( "position" ),
				zIndex: element.css( "z-index" )
			});
			$.each([ "top", "left", "bottom", "right" ], function(i, pos) {
				props[ pos ] = element.css( pos );
				if ( isNaN( parseInt( props[ pos ], 10 ) ) ) {
					props[ pos ] = "auto";
				}
			});
			element.css({
				position: "relative",
				top: 0,
				left: 0,
				right: "auto",
				bottom: "auto"
			});
		}
		element.css(size);

		return wrapper.css( props ).show();
	},

	removeWrapper: function( element ) {
		var active = document.activeElement;

		if ( element.parent().is( ".ui-effects-wrapper" ) ) {
			element.parent().replaceWith( element );

			// Fixes #7595 - Elements lose focus when wrapped.
			if ( element[ 0 ] === active || $.contains( element[ 0 ], active ) ) {
				$( active ).focus();
			}
		}


		return element;
	},

	setTransition: function( element, list, factor, value ) {
		value = value || {};
		$.each( list, function( i, x ) {
			var unit = element.cssUnit( x );
			if ( unit[ 0 ] > 0 ) {
				value[ x ] = unit[ 0 ] * factor + unit[ 1 ];
			}
		});
		return value;
	}
});

// return an effect options object for the given parameters:
function _normalizeArguments( effect, options, speed, callback ) {

	// allow passing all options as the first parameter
	if ( $.isPlainObject( effect ) ) {
		options = effect;
		effect = effect.effect;
	}

	// convert to an object
	effect = { effect: effect };

	// catch (effect, null, ...)
	if ( options == null ) {
		options = {};
	}

	// catch (effect, callback)
	if ( $.isFunction( options ) ) {
		callback = options;
		speed = null;
		options = {};
	}

	// catch (effect, speed, ?)
	if ( typeof options === "number" || $.fx.speeds[ options ] ) {
		callback = speed;
		speed = options;
		options = {};
	}

	// catch (effect, options, callback)
	if ( $.isFunction( speed ) ) {
		callback = speed;
		speed = null;
	}

	// add options to effect
	if ( options ) {
		$.extend( effect, options );
	}

	speed = speed || options.duration;
	effect.duration = $.fx.off ? 0 :
		typeof speed === "number" ? speed :
		speed in $.fx.speeds ? $.fx.speeds[ speed ] :
		$.fx.speeds._default;

	effect.complete = callback || options.complete;

	return effect;
}

function standardAnimationOption( option ) {
	// Valid standard speeds (nothing, number, named speed)
	if ( !option || typeof option === "number" || $.fx.speeds[ option ] ) {
		return true;
	}

	// Invalid strings - treat as "normal" speed
	if ( typeof option === "string" && !$.effects.effect[ option ] ) {
		return true;
	}

	// Complete callback
	if ( $.isFunction( option ) ) {
		return true;
	}

	// Options hash (but not naming an effect)
	if ( typeof option === "object" && !option.effect ) {
		return true;
	}

	// Didn't match any standard API
	return false;
}

$.fn.extend({
	effect: function( /* effect, options, speed, callback */ ) {
		var args = _normalizeArguments.apply( this, arguments ),
			mode = args.mode,
			queue = args.queue,
			effectMethod = $.effects.effect[ args.effect ];

		if ( $.fx.off || !effectMethod ) {
			// delegate to the original method (e.g., .show()) if possible
			if ( mode ) {
				return this[ mode ]( args.duration, args.complete );
			} else {
				return this.each( function() {
					if ( args.complete ) {
						args.complete.call( this );
					}
				});
			}
		}

		function run( next ) {
			var elem = $( this ),
				complete = args.complete,
				mode = args.mode;

			function done() {
				if ( $.isFunction( complete ) ) {
					complete.call( elem[0] );
				}
				if ( $.isFunction( next ) ) {
					next();
				}
			}

			// If the element already has the correct final state, delegate to
			// the core methods so the internal tracking of "olddisplay" works.
			if ( elem.is( ":hidden" ) ? mode === "hide" : mode === "show" ) {
				elem[ mode ]();
				done();
			} else {
				effectMethod.call( elem[0], args, done );
			}
		}

		return queue === false ? this.each( run ) : this.queue( queue || "fx", run );
	},

	show: (function( orig ) {
		return function( option ) {
			if ( standardAnimationOption( option ) ) {
				return orig.apply( this, arguments );
			} else {
				var args = _normalizeArguments.apply( this, arguments );
				args.mode = "show";
				return this.effect.call( this, args );
			}
		};
	})( $.fn.show ),

	hide: (function( orig ) {
		return function( option ) {
			if ( standardAnimationOption( option ) ) {
				return orig.apply( this, arguments );
			} else {
				var args = _normalizeArguments.apply( this, arguments );
				args.mode = "hide";
				return this.effect.call( this, args );
			}
		};
	})( $.fn.hide ),

	toggle: (function( orig ) {
		return function( option ) {
			if ( standardAnimationOption( option ) || typeof option === "boolean" ) {
				return orig.apply( this, arguments );
			} else {
				var args = _normalizeArguments.apply( this, arguments );
				args.mode = "toggle";
				return this.effect.call( this, args );
			}
		};
	})( $.fn.toggle ),

	// helper functions
	cssUnit: function(key) {
		var style = this.css( key ),
			val = [];

		$.each( [ "em", "px", "%", "pt" ], function( i, unit ) {
			if ( style.indexOf( unit ) > 0 ) {
				val = [ parseFloat( style ), unit ];
			}
		});
		return val;
	}
});

})();

/******************************************************************************/
/*********************************** EASING ***********************************/
/******************************************************************************/

(function() {

// based on easing equations from Robert Penner (http://www.robertpenner.com/easing)

var baseEasings = {};

$.each( [ "Quad", "Cubic", "Quart", "Quint", "Expo" ], function( i, name ) {
	baseEasings[ name ] = function( p ) {
		return Math.pow( p, i + 2 );
	};
});

$.extend( baseEasings, {
	Sine: function ( p ) {
		return 1 - Math.cos( p * Math.PI / 2 );
	},
	Circ: function ( p ) {
		return 1 - Math.sqrt( 1 - p * p );
	},
	Elastic: function( p ) {
		return p === 0 || p === 1 ? p :
			-Math.pow( 2, 8 * (p - 1) ) * Math.sin( ( (p - 1) * 80 - 7.5 ) * Math.PI / 15 );
	},
	Back: function( p ) {
		return p * p * ( 3 * p - 2 );
	},
	Bounce: function ( p ) {
		var pow2,
			bounce = 4;

		while ( p < ( ( pow2 = Math.pow( 2, --bounce ) ) - 1 ) / 11 ) {}
		return 1 / Math.pow( 4, 3 - bounce ) - 7.5625 * Math.pow( ( pow2 * 3 - 2 ) / 22 - p, 2 );
	}
});

$.each( baseEasings, function( name, easeIn ) {
	$.easing[ "easeIn" + name ] = easeIn;
	$.easing[ "easeOut" + name ] = function( p ) {
		return 1 - easeIn( 1 - p );
	};
	$.easing[ "easeInOut" + name ] = function( p ) {
		return p < 0.5 ?
			easeIn( p * 2 ) / 2 :
			1 - easeIn( p * -2 + 2 ) / 2;
	};
});

})();

})(jQuery);

/**
 * @license
 * Lo-Dash 2.4.1 (Custom Build) <http://lodash.com/>
 * Build: `lodash -o ./dist/lodash.compat.js`
 * Copyright 2012-2013 The Dojo Foundation <http://dojofoundation.org/>
 * Based on Underscore.js 1.5.2 <http://underscorejs.org/LICENSE>
 * Copyright 2009-2013 Jeremy Ashkenas, DocumentCloud and Investigative Reporters & Editors
 * Available under MIT license <http://lodash.com/license>
 */
;(function() {

  /** Used as a safe reference for `undefined` in pre ES5 environments */
  var undefined;

  /** Used to pool arrays and objects used internally */
  var arrayPool = [],
      objectPool = [];

  /** Used to generate unique IDs */
  var idCounter = 0;

  /** Used internally to indicate various things */
  var indicatorObject = {};

  /** Used to prefix keys to avoid issues with `__proto__` and properties on `Object.prototype` */
  var keyPrefix = +new Date + '';

  /** Used as the size when optimizations are enabled for large arrays */
  var largeArraySize = 75;

  /** Used as the max size of the `arrayPool` and `objectPool` */
  var maxPoolSize = 40;

  /** Used to detect and test whitespace */
  var whitespace = (
    // whitespace
    ' \t\x0B\f\xA0\ufeff' +

    // line terminators
    '\n\r\u2028\u2029' +

    // unicode category "Zs" space separators
    '\u1680\u180e\u2000\u2001\u2002\u2003\u2004\u2005\u2006\u2007\u2008\u2009\u200a\u202f\u205f\u3000'
  );

  /** Used to match empty string literals in compiled template source */
  var reEmptyStringLeading = /\b__p \+= '';/g,
      reEmptyStringMiddle = /\b(__p \+=) '' \+/g,
      reEmptyStringTrailing = /(__e\(.*?\)|\b__t\)) \+\n'';/g;

  /**
   * Used to match ES6 template delimiters
   * http://people.mozilla.org/~jorendorff/es6-draft.html#sec-literals-string-literals
   */
  var reEsTemplate = /\$\{([^\\}]*(?:\\.[^\\}]*)*)\}/g;

  /** Used to match regexp flags from their coerced string values */
  var reFlags = /\w*$/;

  /** Used to detected named functions */
  var reFuncName = /^\s*function[ \n\r\t]+\w/;

  /** Used to match "interpolate" template delimiters */
  var reInterpolate = /<%=([\s\S]+?)%>/g;

  /** Used to match leading whitespace and zeros to be removed */
  var reLeadingSpacesAndZeros = RegExp('^[' + whitespace + ']*0+(?=.$)');

  /** Used to ensure capturing order of template delimiters */
  var reNoMatch = /($^)/;

  /** Used to detect functions containing a `this` reference */
  var reThis = /\bthis\b/;

  /** Used to match unescaped characters in compiled string literals */
  var reUnescapedString = /['\n\r\t\u2028\u2029\\]/g;

  /** Used to assign default `context` object properties */
  var contextProps = [
    'Array', 'Boolean', 'Date', 'Error', 'Function', 'Math', 'Number', 'Object',
    'RegExp', 'String', '_', 'attachEvent', 'clearTimeout', 'isFinite', 'isNaN',
    'parseInt', 'setTimeout'
  ];

  /** Used to fix the JScript [[DontEnum]] bug */
  var shadowedProps = [
    'constructor', 'hasOwnProperty', 'isPrototypeOf', 'propertyIsEnumerable',
    'toLocaleString', 'toString', 'valueOf'
  ];

  /** Used to make template sourceURLs easier to identify */
  var templateCounter = 0;

  /** `Object#toString` result shortcuts */
  var argsClass = '[object Arguments]',
      arrayClass = '[object Array]',
      boolClass = '[object Boolean]',
      dateClass = '[object Date]',
      errorClass = '[object Error]',
      funcClass = '[object Function]',
      numberClass = '[object Number]',
      objectClass = '[object Object]',
      regexpClass = '[object RegExp]',
      stringClass = '[object String]';

  /** Used to identify object classifications that `_.clone` supports */
  var cloneableClasses = {};
  cloneableClasses[funcClass] = false;
  cloneableClasses[argsClass] = cloneableClasses[arrayClass] =
  cloneableClasses[boolClass] = cloneableClasses[dateClass] =
  cloneableClasses[numberClass] = cloneableClasses[objectClass] =
  cloneableClasses[regexpClass] = cloneableClasses[stringClass] = true;

  /** Used as an internal `_.debounce` options object */
  var debounceOptions = {
    'leading': false,
    'maxWait': 0,
    'trailing': false
  };

  /** Used as the property descriptor for `__bindData__` */
  var descriptor = {
    'configurable': false,
    'enumerable': false,
    'value': null,
    'writable': false
  };

  /** Used as the data object for `iteratorTemplate` */
  var iteratorData = {
    'args': '',
    'array': null,
    'bottom': '',
    'firstArg': '',
    'init': '',
    'keys': null,
    'loop': '',
    'shadowedProps': null,
    'support': null,
    'top': '',
    'useHas': false
  };

  /** Used to determine if values are of the language type Object */
  var objectTypes = {
    'boolean': false,
    'function': true,
    'object': true,
    'number': false,
    'string': false,
    'undefined': false
  };

  /** Used to escape characters for inclusion in compiled string literals */
  var stringEscapes = {
    '\\': '\\',
    "'": "'",
    '\n': 'n',
    '\r': 'r',
    '\t': 't',
    '\u2028': 'u2028',
    '\u2029': 'u2029'
  };

  /** Used as a reference to the global object */
  var root = (objectTypes[typeof window] && window) || this;

  /** Detect free variable `exports` */
  var freeExports = objectTypes[typeof exports] && exports && !exports.nodeType && exports;

  /** Detect free variable `module` */
  var freeModule = objectTypes[typeof module] && module && !module.nodeType && module;

  /** Detect the popular CommonJS extension `module.exports` */
  var moduleExports = freeModule && freeModule.exports === freeExports && freeExports;

  /** Detect free variable `global` from Node.js or Browserified code and use it as `root` */
  var freeGlobal = objectTypes[typeof global] && global;
  if (freeGlobal && (freeGlobal.global === freeGlobal || freeGlobal.window === freeGlobal)) {
    root = freeGlobal;
  }

  /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

  /**
   * The base implementation of `_.indexOf` without support for binary searches
   * or `fromIndex` constraints.
   *
   * @private
   * @param {Array} array The array to search.
   * @param {*} value The value to search for.
   * @param {number} [fromIndex=0] The index to search from.
   * @returns {number} Returns the index of the matched value or `-1`.
   */
  function baseIndexOf(array, value, fromIndex) {
    var index = (fromIndex || 0) - 1,
        length = array ? array.length : 0;

    while (++index < length) {
      if (array[index] === value) {
        return index;
      }
    }
    return -1;
  }

  /**
   * An implementation of `_.contains` for cache objects that mimics the return
   * signature of `_.indexOf` by returning `0` if the value is found, else `-1`.
   *
   * @private
   * @param {Object} cache The cache object to inspect.
   * @param {*} value The value to search for.
   * @returns {number} Returns `0` if `value` is found, else `-1`.
   */
  function cacheIndexOf(cache, value) {
    var type = typeof value;
    cache = cache.cache;

    if (type == 'boolean' || value == null) {
      return cache[value] ? 0 : -1;
    }
    if (type != 'number' && type != 'string') {
      type = 'object';
    }
    var key = type == 'number' ? value : keyPrefix + value;
    cache = (cache = cache[type]) && cache[key];

    return type == 'object'
      ? (cache && baseIndexOf(cache, value) > -1 ? 0 : -1)
      : (cache ? 0 : -1);
  }

  /**
   * Adds a given value to the corresponding cache object.
   *
   * @private
   * @param {*} value The value to add to the cache.
   */
  function cachePush(value) {
    var cache = this.cache,
        type = typeof value;

    if (type == 'boolean' || value == null) {
      cache[value] = true;
    } else {
      if (type != 'number' && type != 'string') {
        type = 'object';
      }
      var key = type == 'number' ? value : keyPrefix + value,
          typeCache = cache[type] || (cache[type] = {});

      if (type == 'object') {
        (typeCache[key] || (typeCache[key] = [])).push(value);
      } else {
        typeCache[key] = true;
      }
    }
  }

  /**
   * Used by `_.max` and `_.min` as the default callback when a given
   * collection is a string value.
   *
   * @private
   * @param {string} value The character to inspect.
   * @returns {number} Returns the code unit of given character.
   */
  function charAtCallback(value) {
    return value.charCodeAt(0);
  }

  /**
   * Used by `sortBy` to compare transformed `collection` elements, stable sorting
   * them in ascending order.
   *
   * @private
   * @param {Object} a The object to compare to `b`.
   * @param {Object} b The object to compare to `a`.
   * @returns {number} Returns the sort order indicator of `1` or `-1`.
   */
  function compareAscending(a, b) {
    var ac = a.criteria,
        bc = b.criteria,
        index = -1,
        length = ac.length;

    while (++index < length) {
      var value = ac[index],
          other = bc[index];

      if (value !== other) {
        if (value > other || typeof value == 'undefined') {
          return 1;
        }
        if (value < other || typeof other == 'undefined') {
          return -1;
        }
      }
    }
    // Fixes an `Array#sort` bug in the JS engine embedded in Adobe applications
    // that causes it, under certain circumstances, to return the same value for
    // `a` and `b`. See https://github.com/jashkenas/underscore/pull/1247
    //
    // This also ensures a stable sort in V8 and other engines.
    // See http://code.google.com/p/v8/issues/detail?id=90
    return a.index - b.index;
  }

  /**
   * Creates a cache object to optimize linear searches of large arrays.
   *
   * @private
   * @param {Array} [array=[]] The array to search.
   * @returns {null|Object} Returns the cache object or `null` if caching should not be used.
   */
  function createCache(array) {
    var index = -1,
        length = array.length,
        first = array[0],
        mid = array[(length / 2) | 0],
        last = array[length - 1];

    if (first && typeof first == 'object' &&
        mid && typeof mid == 'object' && last && typeof last == 'object') {
      return false;
    }
    var cache = getObject();
    cache['false'] = cache['null'] = cache['true'] = cache['undefined'] = false;

    var result = getObject();
    result.array = array;
    result.cache = cache;
    result.push = cachePush;

    while (++index < length) {
      result.push(array[index]);
    }
    return result;
  }

  /**
   * Used by `template` to escape characters for inclusion in compiled
   * string literals.
   *
   * @private
   * @param {string} match The matched character to escape.
   * @returns {string} Returns the escaped character.
   */
  function escapeStringChar(match) {
    return '\\' + stringEscapes[match];
  }

  /**
   * Gets an array from the array pool or creates a new one if the pool is empty.
   *
   * @private
   * @returns {Array} The array from the pool.
   */
  function getArray() {
    return arrayPool.pop() || [];
  }

  /**
   * Gets an object from the object pool or creates a new one if the pool is empty.
   *
   * @private
   * @returns {Object} The object from the pool.
   */
  function getObject() {
    return objectPool.pop() || {
      'array': null,
      'cache': null,
      'criteria': null,
      'false': false,
      'index': 0,
      'null': false,
      'number': null,
      'object': null,
      'push': null,
      'string': null,
      'true': false,
      'undefined': false,
      'value': null
    };
  }

  /**
   * Checks if `value` is a DOM node in IE < 9.
   *
   * @private
   * @param {*} value The value to check.
   * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the `value` is a DOM node, else `false`.
   */
  function isNode(value) {
    // IE < 9 presents DOM nodes as `Object` objects except they have `toString`
    // methods that are `typeof` "string" and still can coerce nodes to strings
    return typeof value.toString != 'function' && typeof (value + '') == 'string';
  }

  /**
   * Releases the given array back to the array pool.
   *
   * @private
   * @param {Array} [array] The array to release.
   */
  function releaseArray(array) {
    array.length = 0;
    if (arrayPool.length < maxPoolSize) {
      arrayPool.push(array);
    }
  }

  /**
   * Releases the given object back to the object pool.
   *
   * @private
   * @param {Object} [object] The object to release.
   */
  function releaseObject(object) {
    var cache = object.cache;
    if (cache) {
      releaseObject(cache);
    }
    object.array = object.cache = object.criteria = object.object = object.number = object.string = object.value = null;
    if (objectPool.length < maxPoolSize) {
      objectPool.push(object);
    }
  }

  /**
   * Slices the `collection` from the `start` index up to, but not including,
   * the `end` index.
   *
   * Note: This function is used instead of `Array#slice` to support node lists
   * in IE < 9 and to ensure dense arrays are returned.
   *
   * @private
   * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to slice.
   * @param {number} start The start index.
   * @param {number} end The end index.
   * @returns {Array} Returns the new array.
   */
  function slice(array, start, end) {
    start || (start = 0);
    if (typeof end == 'undefined') {
      end = array ? array.length : 0;
    }
    var index = -1,
        length = end - start || 0,
        result = Array(length < 0 ? 0 : length);

    while (++index < length) {
      result[index] = array[start + index];
    }
    return result;
  }

  /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

  /**
   * Create a new `lodash` function using the given context object.
   *
   * @static
   * @memberOf _
   * @category Utilities
   * @param {Object} [context=root] The context object.
   * @returns {Function} Returns the `lodash` function.
   */
  function runInContext(context) {
    // Avoid issues with some ES3 environments that attempt to use values, named
    // after built-in constructors like `Object`, for the creation of literals.
    // ES5 clears this up by stating that literals must use built-in constructors.
    // See http://es5.github.io/#x11.1.5.
    context = context ? _.defaults(root.Object(), context, _.pick(root, contextProps)) : root;

    /** Native constructor references */
    var Array = context.Array,
        Boolean = context.Boolean,
        Date = context.Date,
        Error = context.Error,
        Function = context.Function,
        Math = context.Math,
        Number = context.Number,
        Object = context.Object,
        RegExp = context.RegExp,
        String = context.String,
        TypeError = context.TypeError;

    /**
     * Used for `Array` method references.
     *
     * Normally `Array.prototype` would suffice, however, using an array literal
     * avoids issues in Narwhal.
     */
    var arrayRef = [];

    /** Used for native method references */
    var errorProto = Error.prototype,
        objectProto = Object.prototype,
        stringProto = String.prototype;

    /** Used to restore the original `_` reference in `noConflict` */
    var oldDash = context._;

    /** Used to resolve the internal [[Class]] of values */
    var toString = objectProto.toString;

    /** Used to detect if a method is native */
    var reNative = RegExp('^' +
      String(toString)
        .replace(/[.*+?^${}()|[\]\\]/g, '\\$&')
        .replace(/toString| for [^\]]+/g, '.*?') + '$'
    );

    /** Native method shortcuts */
    var ceil = Math.ceil,
        clearTimeout = context.clearTimeout,
        floor = Math.floor,
        fnToString = Function.prototype.toString,
        getPrototypeOf = isNative(getPrototypeOf = Object.getPrototypeOf) && getPrototypeOf,
        hasOwnProperty = objectProto.hasOwnProperty,
        push = arrayRef.push,
        propertyIsEnumerable = objectProto.propertyIsEnumerable,
        setTimeout = context.setTimeout,
        splice = arrayRef.splice,
        unshift = arrayRef.unshift;

    /** Used to set meta data on functions */
    var defineProperty = (function() {
      // IE 8 only accepts DOM elements
      try {
        var o = {},
            func = isNative(func = Object.defineProperty) && func,
            result = func(o, o, o) && func;
      } catch(e) { }
      return result;
    }());

    /* Native method shortcuts for methods with the same name as other `lodash` methods */
    var nativeCreate = isNative(nativeCreate = Object.create) && nativeCreate,
        nativeIsArray = isNative(nativeIsArray = Array.isArray) && nativeIsArray,
        nativeIsFinite = context.isFinite,
        nativeIsNaN = context.isNaN,
        nativeKeys = isNative(nativeKeys = Object.keys) && nativeKeys,
        nativeMax = Math.max,
        nativeMin = Math.min,
        nativeParseInt = context.parseInt,
        nativeRandom = Math.random;

    /** Used to lookup a built-in constructor by [[Class]] */
    var ctorByClass = {};
    ctorByClass[arrayClass] = Array;
    ctorByClass[boolClass] = Boolean;
    ctorByClass[dateClass] = Date;
    ctorByClass[funcClass] = Function;
    ctorByClass[objectClass] = Object;
    ctorByClass[numberClass] = Number;
    ctorByClass[regexpClass] = RegExp;
    ctorByClass[stringClass] = String;

    /** Used to avoid iterating non-enumerable properties in IE < 9 */
    var nonEnumProps = {};
    nonEnumProps[arrayClass] = nonEnumProps[dateClass] = nonEnumProps[numberClass] = { 'constructor': true, 'toLocaleString': true, 'toString': true, 'valueOf': true };
    nonEnumProps[boolClass] = nonEnumProps[stringClass] = { 'constructor': true, 'toString': true, 'valueOf': true };
    nonEnumProps[errorClass] = nonEnumProps[funcClass] = nonEnumProps[regexpClass] = { 'constructor': true, 'toString': true };
    nonEnumProps[objectClass] = { 'constructor': true };

    (function() {
      var length = shadowedProps.length;
      while (length--) {
        var key = shadowedProps[length];
        for (var className in nonEnumProps) {
          if (hasOwnProperty.call(nonEnumProps, className) && !hasOwnProperty.call(nonEnumProps[className], key)) {
            nonEnumProps[className][key] = false;
          }
        }
      }
    }());

    /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

    /**
     * Creates a `lodash` object which wraps the given value to enable intuitive
     * method chaining.
     *
     * In addition to Lo-Dash methods, wrappers also have the following `Array` methods:
     * `concat`, `join`, `pop`, `push`, `reverse`, `shift`, `slice`, `sort`, `splice`,
     * and `unshift`
     *
     * Chaining is supported in custom builds as long as the `value` method is
     * implicitly or explicitly included in the build.
     *
     * The chainable wrapper functions are:
     * `after`, `assign`, `bind`, `bindAll`, `bindKey`, `chain`, `compact`,
     * `compose`, `concat`, `countBy`, `create`, `createCallback`, `curry`,
     * `debounce`, `defaults`, `defer`, `delay`, `difference`, `filter`, `flatten`,
     * `forEach`, `forEachRight`, `forIn`, `forInRight`, `forOwn`, `forOwnRight`,
     * `functions`, `groupBy`, `indexBy`, `initial`, `intersection`, `invert`,
     * `invoke`, `keys`, `map`, `max`, `memoize`, `merge`, `min`, `object`, `omit`,
     * `once`, `pairs`, `partial`, `partialRight`, `pick`, `pluck`, `pull`, `push`,
     * `range`, `reject`, `remove`, `rest`, `reverse`, `shuffle`, `slice`, `sort`,
     * `sortBy`, `splice`, `tap`, `throttle`, `times`, `toArray`, `transform`,
     * `union`, `uniq`, `unshift`, `unzip`, `values`, `where`, `without`, `wrap`,
     * and `zip`
     *
     * The non-chainable wrapper functions are:
     * `clone`, `cloneDeep`, `contains`, `escape`, `every`, `find`, `findIndex`,
     * `findKey`, `findLast`, `findLastIndex`, `findLastKey`, `has`, `identity`,
     * `indexOf`, `isArguments`, `isArray`, `isBoolean`, `isDate`, `isElement`,
     * `isEmpty`, `isEqual`, `isFinite`, `isFunction`, `isNaN`, `isNull`, `isNumber`,
     * `isObject`, `isPlainObject`, `isRegExp`, `isString`, `isUndefined`, `join`,
     * `lastIndexOf`, `mixin`, `noConflict`, `parseInt`, `pop`, `random`, `reduce`,
     * `reduceRight`, `result`, `shift`, `size`, `some`, `sortedIndex`, `runInContext`,
     * `template`, `unescape`, `uniqueId`, and `value`
     *
     * The wrapper functions `first` and `last` return wrapped values when `n` is
     * provided, otherwise they return unwrapped values.
     *
     * Explicit chaining can be enabled by using the `_.chain` method.
     *
     * @name _
     * @constructor
     * @category Chaining
     * @param {*} value The value to wrap in a `lodash` instance.
     * @returns {Object} Returns a `lodash` instance.
     * @example
     *
     * var wrapped = _([1, 2, 3]);
     *
     * // returns an unwrapped value
     * wrapped.reduce(function(sum, num) {
     *   return sum + num;
     * });
     * // => 6
     *
     * // returns a wrapped value
     * var squares = wrapped.map(function(num) {
     *   return num * num;
     * });
     *
     * _.isArray(squares);
     * // => false
     *
     * _.isArray(squares.value());
     * // => true
     */
    function lodash(value) {
      // don't wrap if already wrapped, even if wrapped by a different `lodash` constructor
      return (value && typeof value == 'object' && !isArray(value) && hasOwnProperty.call(value, '__wrapped__'))
       ? value
       : new lodashWrapper(value);
    }

    /**
     * A fast path for creating `lodash` wrapper objects.
     *
     * @private
     * @param {*} value The value to wrap in a `lodash` instance.
     * @param {boolean} chainAll A flag to enable chaining for all methods
     * @returns {Object} Returns a `lodash` instance.
     */
    function lodashWrapper(value, chainAll) {
      this.__chain__ = !!chainAll;
      this.__wrapped__ = value;
    }
    // ensure `new lodashWrapper` is an instance of `lodash`
    lodashWrapper.prototype = lodash.prototype;

    /**
     * An object used to flag environments features.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @type Object
     */
    var support = lodash.support = {};

    (function() {
      var ctor = function() { this.x = 1; },
          object = { '0': 1, 'length': 1 },
          props = [];

      ctor.prototype = { 'valueOf': 1, 'y': 1 };
      for (var key in new ctor) { props.push(key); }
      for (key in arguments) { }

      /**
       * Detect if an `arguments` object's [[Class]] is resolvable (all but Firefox < 4, IE < 9).
       *
       * @memberOf _.support
       * @type boolean
       */
      support.argsClass = toString.call(arguments) == argsClass;

      /**
       * Detect if `arguments` objects are `Object` objects (all but Narwhal and Opera < 10.5).
       *
       * @memberOf _.support
       * @type boolean
       */
      support.argsObject = arguments.constructor == Object && !(arguments instanceof Array);

      /**
       * Detect if `name` or `message` properties of `Error.prototype` are
       * enumerable by default. (IE < 9, Safari < 5.1)
       *
       * @memberOf _.support
       * @type boolean
       */
      support.enumErrorProps = propertyIsEnumerable.call(errorProto, 'message') || propertyIsEnumerable.call(errorProto, 'name');

      /**
       * Detect if `prototype` properties are enumerable by default.
       *
       * Firefox < 3.6, Opera > 9.50 - Opera < 11.60, and Safari < 5.1
       * (if the prototype or a property on the prototype has been set)
       * incorrectly sets a function's `prototype` property [[Enumerable]]
       * value to `true`.
       *
       * @memberOf _.support
       * @type boolean
       */
      support.enumPrototypes = propertyIsEnumerable.call(ctor, 'prototype');

      /**
       * Detect if functions can be decompiled by `Function#toString`
       * (all but PS3 and older Opera mobile browsers & avoided in Windows 8 apps).
       *
       * @memberOf _.support
       * @type boolean
       */
      support.funcDecomp = !isNative(context.WinRTError) && reThis.test(runInContext);

      /**
       * Detect if `Function#name` is supported (all but IE).
       *
       * @memberOf _.support
       * @type boolean
       */
      support.funcNames = typeof Function.name == 'string';

      /**
       * Detect if `arguments` object indexes are non-enumerable
       * (Firefox < 4, IE < 9, PhantomJS, Safari < 5.1).
       *
       * @memberOf _.support
       * @type boolean
       */
      support.nonEnumArgs = key != 0;

      /**
       * Detect if properties shadowing those on `Object.prototype` are non-enumerable.
       *
       * In IE < 9 an objects own properties, shadowing non-enumerable ones, are
       * made non-enumerable as well (a.k.a the JScript [[DontEnum]] bug).
       *
       * @memberOf _.support
       * @type boolean
       */
      support.nonEnumShadows = !/valueOf/.test(props);

      /**
       * Detect if own properties are iterated after inherited properties (all but IE < 9).
       *
       * @memberOf _.support
       * @type boolean
       */
      support.ownLast = props[0] != 'x';

      /**
       * Detect if `Array#shift` and `Array#splice` augment array-like objects correctly.
       *
       * Firefox < 10, IE compatibility mode, and IE < 9 have buggy Array `shift()`
       * and `splice()` functions that fail to remove the last element, `value[0]`,
       * of array-like objects even though the `length` property is set to `0`.
       * The `shift()` method is buggy in IE 8 compatibility mode, while `splice()`
       * is buggy regardless of mode in IE < 9 and buggy in compatibility mode in IE 9.
       *
       * @memberOf _.support
       * @type boolean
       */
      support.spliceObjects = (arrayRef.splice.call(object, 0, 1), !object[0]);

      /**
       * Detect lack of support for accessing string characters by index.
       *
       * IE < 8 can't access characters by index and IE 8 can only access
       * characters by index on string literals.
       *
       * @memberOf _.support
       * @type boolean
       */
      support.unindexedChars = ('x'[0] + Object('x')[0]) != 'xx';

      /**
       * Detect if a DOM node's [[Class]] is resolvable (all but IE < 9)
       * and that the JS engine errors when attempting to coerce an object to
       * a string without a `toString` function.
       *
       * @memberOf _.support
       * @type boolean
       */
      try {
        support.nodeClass = !(toString.call(document) == objectClass && !({ 'toString': 0 } + ''));
      } catch(e) {
        support.nodeClass = true;
      }
    }(1));

    /**
     * By default, the template delimiters used by Lo-Dash are similar to those in
     * embedded Ruby (ERB). Change the following template settings to use alternative
     * delimiters.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @type Object
     */
    lodash.templateSettings = {

      /**
       * Used to detect `data` property values to be HTML-escaped.
       *
       * @memberOf _.templateSettings
       * @type RegExp
       */
      'escape': /<%-([\s\S]+?)%>/g,

      /**
       * Used to detect code to be evaluated.
       *
       * @memberOf _.templateSettings
       * @type RegExp
       */
      'evaluate': /<%([\s\S]+?)%>/g,

      /**
       * Used to detect `data` property values to inject.
       *
       * @memberOf _.templateSettings
       * @type RegExp
       */
      'interpolate': reInterpolate,

      /**
       * Used to reference the data object in the template text.
       *
       * @memberOf _.templateSettings
       * @type string
       */
      'variable': '',

      /**
       * Used to import variables into the compiled template.
       *
       * @memberOf _.templateSettings
       * @type Object
       */
      'imports': {

        /**
         * A reference to the `lodash` function.
         *
         * @memberOf _.templateSettings.imports
         * @type Function
         */
        '_': lodash
      }
    };

    /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

    /**
     * The template used to create iterator functions.
     *
     * @private
     * @param {Object} data The data object used to populate the text.
     * @returns {string} Returns the interpolated text.
     */
    var iteratorTemplate = function(obj) {

      var __p = 'var index, iterable = ' +
      (obj.firstArg) +
      ', result = ' +
      (obj.init) +
      ';\nif (!iterable) return result;\n' +
      (obj.top) +
      ';';
       if (obj.array) {
      __p += '\nvar length = iterable.length; index = -1;\nif (' +
      (obj.array) +
      ') {  ';
       if (support.unindexedChars) {
      __p += '\n  if (isString(iterable)) {\n    iterable = iterable.split(\'\')\n  }  ';
       }
      __p += '\n  while (++index < length) {\n    ' +
      (obj.loop) +
      ';\n  }\n}\nelse {  ';
       } else if (support.nonEnumArgs) {
      __p += '\n  var length = iterable.length; index = -1;\n  if (length && isArguments(iterable)) {\n    while (++index < length) {\n      index += \'\';\n      ' +
      (obj.loop) +
      ';\n    }\n  } else {  ';
       }

       if (support.enumPrototypes) {
      __p += '\n  var skipProto = typeof iterable == \'function\';\n  ';
       }

       if (support.enumErrorProps) {
      __p += '\n  var skipErrorProps = iterable === errorProto || iterable instanceof Error;\n  ';
       }

          var conditions = [];    if (support.enumPrototypes) { conditions.push('!(skipProto && index == "prototype")'); }    if (support.enumErrorProps)  { conditions.push('!(skipErrorProps && (index == "message" || index == "name"))'); }

       if (obj.useHas && obj.keys) {
      __p += '\n  var ownIndex = -1,\n      ownProps = objectTypes[typeof iterable] && keys(iterable),\n      length = ownProps ? ownProps.length : 0;\n\n  while (++ownIndex < length) {\n    index = ownProps[ownIndex];\n';
          if (conditions.length) {
      __p += '    if (' +
      (conditions.join(' && ')) +
      ') {\n  ';
       }
      __p +=
      (obj.loop) +
      ';    ';
       if (conditions.length) {
      __p += '\n    }';
       }
      __p += '\n  }  ';
       } else {
      __p += '\n  for (index in iterable) {\n';
          if (obj.useHas) { conditions.push("hasOwnProperty.call(iterable, index)"); }    if (conditions.length) {
      __p += '    if (' +
      (conditions.join(' && ')) +
      ') {\n  ';
       }
      __p +=
      (obj.loop) +
      ';    ';
       if (conditions.length) {
      __p += '\n    }';
       }
      __p += '\n  }    ';
       if (support.nonEnumShadows) {
      __p += '\n\n  if (iterable !== objectProto) {\n    var ctor = iterable.constructor,\n        isProto = iterable === (ctor && ctor.prototype),\n        className = iterable === stringProto ? stringClass : iterable === errorProto ? errorClass : toString.call(iterable),\n        nonEnum = nonEnumProps[className];\n      ';
       for (k = 0; k < 7; k++) {
      __p += '\n    index = \'' +
      (obj.shadowedProps[k]) +
      '\';\n    if ((!(isProto && nonEnum[index]) && hasOwnProperty.call(iterable, index))';
              if (!obj.useHas) {
      __p += ' || (!nonEnum[index] && iterable[index] !== objectProto[index])';
       }
      __p += ') {\n      ' +
      (obj.loop) +
      ';\n    }      ';
       }
      __p += '\n  }    ';
       }

       }

       if (obj.array || support.nonEnumArgs) {
      __p += '\n}';
       }
      __p +=
      (obj.bottom) +
      ';\nreturn result';

      return __p
    };

    /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

    /**
     * The base implementation of `_.bind` that creates the bound function and
     * sets its meta data.
     *
     * @private
     * @param {Array} bindData The bind data array.
     * @returns {Function} Returns the new bound function.
     */
    function baseBind(bindData) {
      var func = bindData[0],
          partialArgs = bindData[2],
          thisArg = bindData[4];

      function bound() {
        // `Function#bind` spec
        // http://es5.github.io/#x15.3.4.5
        if (partialArgs) {
          // avoid `arguments` object deoptimizations by using `slice` instead
          // of `Array.prototype.slice.call` and not assigning `arguments` to a
          // variable as a ternary expression
          var args = slice(partialArgs);
          push.apply(args, arguments);
        }
        // mimic the constructor's `return` behavior
        // http://es5.github.io/#x13.2.2
        if (this instanceof bound) {
          // ensure `new bound` is an instance of `func`
          var thisBinding = baseCreate(func.prototype),
              result = func.apply(thisBinding, args || arguments);
          return isObject(result) ? result : thisBinding;
        }
        return func.apply(thisArg, args || arguments);
      }
      setBindData(bound, bindData);
      return bound;
    }

    /**
     * The base implementation of `_.clone` without argument juggling or support
     * for `thisArg` binding.
     *
     * @private
     * @param {*} value The value to clone.
     * @param {boolean} [isDeep=false] Specify a deep clone.
     * @param {Function} [callback] The function to customize cloning values.
     * @param {Array} [stackA=[]] Tracks traversed source objects.
     * @param {Array} [stackB=[]] Associates clones with source counterparts.
     * @returns {*} Returns the cloned value.
     */
    function baseClone(value, isDeep, callback, stackA, stackB) {
      if (callback) {
        var result = callback(value);
        if (typeof result != 'undefined') {
          return result;
        }
      }
      // inspect [[Class]]
      var isObj = isObject(value);
      if (isObj) {
        var className = toString.call(value);
        if (!cloneableClasses[className] || (!support.nodeClass && isNode(value))) {
          return value;
        }
        var ctor = ctorByClass[className];
        switch (className) {
          case boolClass:
          case dateClass:
            return new ctor(+value);

          case numberClass:
          case stringClass:
            return new ctor(value);

          case regexpClass:
            result = ctor(value.source, reFlags.exec(value));
            result.lastIndex = value.lastIndex;
            return result;
        }
      } else {
        return value;
      }
      var isArr = isArray(value);
      if (isDeep) {
        // check for circular references and return corresponding clone
        var initedStack = !stackA;
        stackA || (stackA = getArray());
        stackB || (stackB = getArray());

        var length = stackA.length;
        while (length--) {
          if (stackA[length] == value) {
            return stackB[length];
          }
        }
        result = isArr ? ctor(value.length) : {};
      }
      else {
        result = isArr ? slice(value) : assign({}, value);
      }
      // add array properties assigned by `RegExp#exec`
      if (isArr) {
        if (hasOwnProperty.call(value, 'index')) {
          result.index = value.index;
        }
        if (hasOwnProperty.call(value, 'input')) {
          result.input = value.input;
        }
      }
      // exit for shallow clone
      if (!isDeep) {
        return result;
      }
      // add the source value to the stack of traversed objects
      // and associate it with its clone
      stackA.push(value);
      stackB.push(result);

      // recursively populate clone (susceptible to call stack limits)
      (isArr ? baseEach : forOwn)(value, function(objValue, key) {
        result[key] = baseClone(objValue, isDeep, callback, stackA, stackB);
      });

      if (initedStack) {
        releaseArray(stackA);
        releaseArray(stackB);
      }
      return result;
    }

    /**
     * The base implementation of `_.create` without support for assigning
     * properties to the created object.
     *
     * @private
     * @param {Object} prototype The object to inherit from.
     * @returns {Object} Returns the new object.
     */
    function baseCreate(prototype, properties) {
      return isObject(prototype) ? nativeCreate(prototype) : {};
    }
    // fallback for browsers without `Object.create`
    if (!nativeCreate) {
      baseCreate = (function() {
        function Object() {}
        return function(prototype) {
          if (isObject(prototype)) {
            Object.prototype = prototype;
            var result = new Object;
            Object.prototype = null;
          }
          return result || context.Object();
        };
      }());
    }

    /**
     * The base implementation of `_.createCallback` without support for creating
     * "_.pluck" or "_.where" style callbacks.
     *
     * @private
     * @param {*} [func=identity] The value to convert to a callback.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of the created callback.
     * @param {number} [argCount] The number of arguments the callback accepts.
     * @returns {Function} Returns a callback function.
     */
    function baseCreateCallback(func, thisArg, argCount) {
      if (typeof func != 'function') {
        return identity;
      }
      // exit early for no `thisArg` or already bound by `Function#bind`
      if (typeof thisArg == 'undefined' || !('prototype' in func)) {
        return func;
      }
      var bindData = func.__bindData__;
      if (typeof bindData == 'undefined') {
        if (support.funcNames) {
          bindData = !func.name;
        }
        bindData = bindData || !support.funcDecomp;
        if (!bindData) {
          var source = fnToString.call(func);
          if (!support.funcNames) {
            bindData = !reFuncName.test(source);
          }
          if (!bindData) {
            // checks if `func` references the `this` keyword and stores the result
            bindData = reThis.test(source);
            setBindData(func, bindData);
          }
        }
      }
      // exit early if there are no `this` references or `func` is bound
      if (bindData === false || (bindData !== true && bindData[1] & 1)) {
        return func;
      }
      switch (argCount) {
        case 1: return function(value) {
          return func.call(thisArg, value);
        };
        case 2: return function(a, b) {
          return func.call(thisArg, a, b);
        };
        case 3: return function(value, index, collection) {
          return func.call(thisArg, value, index, collection);
        };
        case 4: return function(accumulator, value, index, collection) {
          return func.call(thisArg, accumulator, value, index, collection);
        };
      }
      return bind(func, thisArg);
    }

    /**
     * The base implementation of `createWrapper` that creates the wrapper and
     * sets its meta data.
     *
     * @private
     * @param {Array} bindData The bind data array.
     * @returns {Function} Returns the new function.
     */
    function baseCreateWrapper(bindData) {
      var func = bindData[0],
          bitmask = bindData[1],
          partialArgs = bindData[2],
          partialRightArgs = bindData[3],
          thisArg = bindData[4],
          arity = bindData[5];

      var isBind = bitmask & 1,
          isBindKey = bitmask & 2,
          isCurry = bitmask & 4,
          isCurryBound = bitmask & 8,
          key = func;

      function bound() {
        var thisBinding = isBind ? thisArg : this;
        if (partialArgs) {
          var args = slice(partialArgs);
          push.apply(args, arguments);
        }
        if (partialRightArgs || isCurry) {
          args || (args = slice(arguments));
          if (partialRightArgs) {
            push.apply(args, partialRightArgs);
          }
          if (isCurry && args.length < arity) {
            bitmask |= 16 & ~32;
            return baseCreateWrapper([func, (isCurryBound ? bitmask : bitmask & ~3), args, null, thisArg, arity]);
          }
        }
        args || (args = arguments);
        if (isBindKey) {
          func = thisBinding[key];
        }
        if (this instanceof bound) {
          thisBinding = baseCreate(func.prototype);
          var result = func.apply(thisBinding, args);
          return isObject(result) ? result : thisBinding;
        }
        return func.apply(thisBinding, args);
      }
      setBindData(bound, bindData);
      return bound;
    }

    /**
     * The base implementation of `_.difference` that accepts a single array
     * of values to exclude.
     *
     * @private
     * @param {Array} array The array to process.
     * @param {Array} [values] The array of values to exclude.
     * @returns {Array} Returns a new array of filtered values.
     */
    function baseDifference(array, values) {
      var index = -1,
          indexOf = getIndexOf(),
          length = array ? array.length : 0,
          isLarge = length >= largeArraySize && indexOf === baseIndexOf,
          result = [];

      if (isLarge) {
        var cache = createCache(values);
        if (cache) {
          indexOf = cacheIndexOf;
          values = cache;
        } else {
          isLarge = false;
        }
      }
      while (++index < length) {
        var value = array[index];
        if (indexOf(values, value) < 0) {
          result.push(value);
        }
      }
      if (isLarge) {
        releaseObject(values);
      }
      return result;
    }

    /**
     * The base implementation of `_.flatten` without support for callback
     * shorthands or `thisArg` binding.
     *
     * @private
     * @param {Array} array The array to flatten.
     * @param {boolean} [isShallow=false] A flag to restrict flattening to a single level.
     * @param {boolean} [isStrict=false] A flag to restrict flattening to arrays and `arguments` objects.
     * @param {number} [fromIndex=0] The index to start from.
     * @returns {Array} Returns a new flattened array.
     */
    function baseFlatten(array, isShallow, isStrict, fromIndex) {
      var index = (fromIndex || 0) - 1,
          length = array ? array.length : 0,
          result = [];

      while (++index < length) {
        var value = array[index];

        if (value && typeof value == 'object' && typeof value.length == 'number'
            && (isArray(value) || isArguments(value))) {
          // recursively flatten arrays (susceptible to call stack limits)
          if (!isShallow) {
            value = baseFlatten(value, isShallow, isStrict);
          }
          var valIndex = -1,
              valLength = value.length,
              resIndex = result.length;

          result.length += valLength;
          while (++valIndex < valLength) {
            result[resIndex++] = value[valIndex];
          }
        } else if (!isStrict) {
          result.push(value);
        }
      }
      return result;
    }

    /**
     * The base implementation of `_.isEqual`, without support for `thisArg` binding,
     * that allows partial "_.where" style comparisons.
     *
     * @private
     * @param {*} a The value to compare.
     * @param {*} b The other value to compare.
     * @param {Function} [callback] The function to customize comparing values.
     * @param {Function} [isWhere=false] A flag to indicate performing partial comparisons.
     * @param {Array} [stackA=[]] Tracks traversed `a` objects.
     * @param {Array} [stackB=[]] Tracks traversed `b` objects.
     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the values are equivalent, else `false`.
     */
    function baseIsEqual(a, b, callback, isWhere, stackA, stackB) {
      // used to indicate that when comparing objects, `a` has at least the properties of `b`
      if (callback) {
        var result = callback(a, b);
        if (typeof result != 'undefined') {
          return !!result;
        }
      }
      // exit early for identical values
      if (a === b) {
        // treat `+0` vs. `-0` as not equal
        return a !== 0 || (1 / a == 1 / b);
      }
      var type = typeof a,
          otherType = typeof b;

      // exit early for unlike primitive values
      if (a === a &&
          !(a && objectTypes[type]) &&
          !(b && objectTypes[otherType])) {
        return false;
      }
      // exit early for `null` and `undefined` avoiding ES3's Function#call behavior
      // http://es5.github.io/#x15.3.4.4
      if (a == null || b == null) {
        return a === b;
      }
      // compare [[Class]] names
      var className = toString.call(a),
          otherClass = toString.call(b);

      if (className == argsClass) {
        className = objectClass;
      }
      if (otherClass == argsClass) {
        otherClass = objectClass;
      }
      if (className != otherClass) {
        return false;
      }
      switch (className) {
        case boolClass:
        case dateClass:
          // coerce dates and booleans to numbers, dates to milliseconds and booleans
          // to `1` or `0` treating invalid dates coerced to `NaN` as not equal
          return +a == +b;

        case numberClass:
          // treat `NaN` vs. `NaN` as equal
          return (a != +a)
            ? b != +b
            // but treat `+0` vs. `-0` as not equal
            : (a == 0 ? (1 / a == 1 / b) : a == +b);

        case regexpClass:
        case stringClass:
          // coerce regexes to strings (http://es5.github.io/#x15.10.6.4)
          // treat string primitives and their corresponding object instances as equal
          return a == String(b);
      }
      var isArr = className == arrayClass;
      if (!isArr) {
        // unwrap any `lodash` wrapped values
        var aWrapped = hasOwnProperty.call(a, '__wrapped__'),
            bWrapped = hasOwnProperty.call(b, '__wrapped__');

        if (aWrapped || bWrapped) {
          return baseIsEqual(aWrapped ? a.__wrapped__ : a, bWrapped ? b.__wrapped__ : b, callback, isWhere, stackA, stackB);
        }
        // exit for functions and DOM nodes
        if (className != objectClass || (!support.nodeClass && (isNode(a) || isNode(b)))) {
          return false;
        }
        // in older versions of Opera, `arguments` objects have `Array` constructors
        var ctorA = !support.argsObject && isArguments(a) ? Object : a.constructor,
            ctorB = !support.argsObject && isArguments(b) ? Object : b.constructor;

        // non `Object` object instances with different constructors are not equal
        if (ctorA != ctorB &&
              !(isFunction(ctorA) && ctorA instanceof ctorA && isFunction(ctorB) && ctorB instanceof ctorB) &&
              ('constructor' in a && 'constructor' in b)
            ) {
          return false;
        }
      }
      // assume cyclic structures are equal
      // the algorithm for detecting cyclic structures is adapted from ES 5.1
      // section 15.12.3, abstract operation `JO` (http://es5.github.io/#x15.12.3)
      var initedStack = !stackA;
      stackA || (stackA = getArray());
      stackB || (stackB = getArray());

      var length = stackA.length;
      while (length--) {
        if (stackA[length] == a) {
          return stackB[length] == b;
        }
      }
      var size = 0;
      result = true;

      // add `a` and `b` to the stack of traversed objects
      stackA.push(a);
      stackB.push(b);

      // recursively compare objects and arrays (susceptible to call stack limits)
      if (isArr) {
        // compare lengths to determine if a deep comparison is necessary
        length = a.length;
        size = b.length;
        result = size == length;

        if (result || isWhere) {
          // deep compare the contents, ignoring non-numeric properties
          while (size--) {
            var index = length,
                value = b[size];

            if (isWhere) {
              while (index--) {
                if ((result = baseIsEqual(a[index], value, callback, isWhere, stackA, stackB))) {
                  break;
                }
              }
            } else if (!(result = baseIsEqual(a[size], value, callback, isWhere, stackA, stackB))) {
              break;
            }
          }
        }
      }
      else {
        // deep compare objects using `forIn`, instead of `forOwn`, to avoid `Object.keys`
        // which, in this case, is more costly
        forIn(b, function(value, key, b) {
          if (hasOwnProperty.call(b, key)) {
            // count the number of properties.
            size++;
            // deep compare each property value.
            return (result = hasOwnProperty.call(a, key) && baseIsEqual(a[key], value, callback, isWhere, stackA, stackB));
          }
        });

        if (result && !isWhere) {
          // ensure both objects have the same number of properties
          forIn(a, function(value, key, a) {
            if (hasOwnProperty.call(a, key)) {
              // `size` will be `-1` if `a` has more properties than `b`
              return (result = --size > -1);
            }
          });
        }
      }
      stackA.pop();
      stackB.pop();

      if (initedStack) {
        releaseArray(stackA);
        releaseArray(stackB);
      }
      return result;
    }

    /**
     * The base implementation of `_.merge` without argument juggling or support
     * for `thisArg` binding.
     *
     * @private
     * @param {Object} object The destination object.
     * @param {Object} source The source object.
     * @param {Function} [callback] The function to customize merging properties.
     * @param {Array} [stackA=[]] Tracks traversed source objects.
     * @param {Array} [stackB=[]] Associates values with source counterparts.
     */
    function baseMerge(object, source, callback, stackA, stackB) {
      (isArray(source) ? forEach : forOwn)(source, function(source, key) {
        var found,
            isArr,
            result = source,
            value = object[key];

        if (source && ((isArr = isArray(source)) || isPlainObject(source))) {
          // avoid merging previously merged cyclic sources
          var stackLength = stackA.length;
          while (stackLength--) {
            if ((found = stackA[stackLength] == source)) {
              value = stackB[stackLength];
              break;
            }
          }
          if (!found) {
            var isShallow;
            if (callback) {
              result = callback(value, source);
              if ((isShallow = typeof result != 'undefined')) {
                value = result;
              }
            }
            if (!isShallow) {
              value = isArr
                ? (isArray(value) ? value : [])
                : (isPlainObject(value) ? value : {});
            }
            // add `source` and associated `value` to the stack of traversed objects
            stackA.push(source);
            stackB.push(value);

            // recursively merge objects and arrays (susceptible to call stack limits)
            if (!isShallow) {
              baseMerge(value, source, callback, stackA, stackB);
            }
          }
        }
        else {
          if (callback) {
            result = callback(value, source);
            if (typeof result == 'undefined') {
              result = source;
            }
          }
          if (typeof result != 'undefined') {
            value = result;
          }
        }
        object[key] = value;
      });
    }

    /**
     * The base implementation of `_.random` without argument juggling or support
     * for returning floating-point numbers.
     *
     * @private
     * @param {number} min The minimum possible value.
     * @param {number} max The maximum possible value.
     * @returns {number} Returns a random number.
     */
    function baseRandom(min, max) {
      return min + floor(nativeRandom() * (max - min + 1));
    }

    /**
     * The base implementation of `_.uniq` without support for callback shorthands
     * or `thisArg` binding.
     *
     * @private
     * @param {Array} array The array to process.
     * @param {boolean} [isSorted=false] A flag to indicate that `array` is sorted.
     * @param {Function} [callback] The function called per iteration.
     * @returns {Array} Returns a duplicate-value-free array.
     */
    function baseUniq(array, isSorted, callback) {
      var index = -1,
          indexOf = getIndexOf(),
          length = array ? array.length : 0,
          result = [];

      var isLarge = !isSorted && length >= largeArraySize && indexOf === baseIndexOf,
          seen = (callback || isLarge) ? getArray() : result;

      if (isLarge) {
        var cache = createCache(seen);
        indexOf = cacheIndexOf;
        seen = cache;
      }
      while (++index < length) {
        var value = array[index],
            computed = callback ? callback(value, index, array) : value;

        if (isSorted
              ? !index || seen[seen.length - 1] !== computed
              : indexOf(seen, computed) < 0
            ) {
          if (callback || isLarge) {
            seen.push(computed);
          }
          result.push(value);
        }
      }
      if (isLarge) {
        releaseArray(seen.array);
        releaseObject(seen);
      } else if (callback) {
        releaseArray(seen);
      }
      return result;
    }

    /**
     * Creates a function that aggregates a collection, creating an object composed
     * of keys generated from the results of running each element of the collection
     * through a callback. The given `setter` function sets the keys and values
     * of the composed object.
     *
     * @private
     * @param {Function} setter The setter function.
     * @returns {Function} Returns the new aggregator function.
     */
    function createAggregator(setter) {
      return function(collection, callback, thisArg) {
        var result = {};
        callback = lodash.createCallback(callback, thisArg, 3);

        if (isArray(collection)) {
          var index = -1,
              length = collection.length;

          while (++index < length) {
            var value = collection[index];
            setter(result, value, callback(value, index, collection), collection);
          }
        } else {
          baseEach(collection, function(value, key, collection) {
            setter(result, value, callback(value, key, collection), collection);
          });
        }
        return result;
      };
    }

    /**
     * Creates a function that, when called, either curries or invokes `func`
     * with an optional `this` binding and partially applied arguments.
     *
     * @private
     * @param {Function|string} func The function or method name to reference.
     * @param {number} bitmask The bitmask of method flags to compose.
     *  The bitmask may be composed of the following flags:
     *  1 - `_.bind`
     *  2 - `_.bindKey`
     *  4 - `_.curry`
     *  8 - `_.curry` (bound)
     *  16 - `_.partial`
     *  32 - `_.partialRight`
     * @param {Array} [partialArgs] An array of arguments to prepend to those
     *  provided to the new function.
     * @param {Array} [partialRightArgs] An array of arguments to append to those
     *  provided to the new function.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `func`.
     * @param {number} [arity] The arity of `func`.
     * @returns {Function} Returns the new function.
     */
    function createWrapper(func, bitmask, partialArgs, partialRightArgs, thisArg, arity) {
      var isBind = bitmask & 1,
          isBindKey = bitmask & 2,
          isCurry = bitmask & 4,
          isCurryBound = bitmask & 8,
          isPartial = bitmask & 16,
          isPartialRight = bitmask & 32;

      if (!isBindKey && !isFunction(func)) {
        throw new TypeError;
      }
      if (isPartial && !partialArgs.length) {
        bitmask &= ~16;
        isPartial = partialArgs = false;
      }
      if (isPartialRight && !partialRightArgs.length) {
        bitmask &= ~32;
        isPartialRight = partialRightArgs = false;
      }
      var bindData = func && func.__bindData__;
      if (bindData && bindData !== true) {
        // clone `bindData`
        bindData = slice(bindData);
        if (bindData[2]) {
          bindData[2] = slice(bindData[2]);
        }
        if (bindData[3]) {
          bindData[3] = slice(bindData[3]);
        }
        // set `thisBinding` is not previously bound
        if (isBind && !(bindData[1] & 1)) {
          bindData[4] = thisArg;
        }
        // set if previously bound but not currently (subsequent curried functions)
        if (!isBind && bindData[1] & 1) {
          bitmask |= 8;
        }
        // set curried arity if not yet set
        if (isCurry && !(bindData[1] & 4)) {
          bindData[5] = arity;
        }
        // append partial left arguments
        if (isPartial) {
          push.apply(bindData[2] || (bindData[2] = []), partialArgs);
        }
        // append partial right arguments
        if (isPartialRight) {
          unshift.apply(bindData[3] || (bindData[3] = []), partialRightArgs);
        }
        // merge flags
        bindData[1] |= bitmask;
        return createWrapper.apply(null, bindData);
      }
      // fast path for `_.bind`
      var creater = (bitmask == 1 || bitmask === 17) ? baseBind : baseCreateWrapper;
      return creater([func, bitmask, partialArgs, partialRightArgs, thisArg, arity]);
    }

    /**
     * Creates compiled iteration functions.
     *
     * @private
     * @param {...Object} [options] The compile options object(s).
     * @param {string} [options.array] Code to determine if the iterable is an array or array-like.
     * @param {boolean} [options.useHas] Specify using `hasOwnProperty` checks in the object loop.
     * @param {Function} [options.keys] A reference to `_.keys` for use in own property iteration.
     * @param {string} [options.args] A comma separated string of iteration function arguments.
     * @param {string} [options.top] Code to execute before the iteration branches.
     * @param {string} [options.loop] Code to execute in the object loop.
     * @param {string} [options.bottom] Code to execute after the iteration branches.
     * @returns {Function} Returns the compiled function.
     */
    function createIterator() {
      // data properties
      iteratorData.shadowedProps = shadowedProps;

      // iterator options
      iteratorData.array = iteratorData.bottom = iteratorData.loop = iteratorData.top = '';
      iteratorData.init = 'iterable';
      iteratorData.useHas = true;

      // merge options into a template data object
      for (var object, index = 0; object = arguments[index]; index++) {
        for (var key in object) {
          iteratorData[key] = object[key];
        }
      }
      var args = iteratorData.args;
      iteratorData.firstArg = /^[^,]+/.exec(args)[0];

      // create the function factory
      var factory = Function(
          'baseCreateCallback, errorClass, errorProto, hasOwnProperty, ' +
          'indicatorObject, isArguments, isArray, isString, keys, objectProto, ' +
          'objectTypes, nonEnumProps, stringClass, stringProto, toString',
        'return function(' + args + ') {\n' + iteratorTemplate(iteratorData) + '\n}'
      );

      // return the compiled function
      return factory(
        baseCreateCallback, errorClass, errorProto, hasOwnProperty,
        indicatorObject, isArguments, isArray, isString, iteratorData.keys, objectProto,
        objectTypes, nonEnumProps, stringClass, stringProto, toString
      );
    }

    /**
     * Used by `escape` to convert characters to HTML entities.
     *
     * @private
     * @param {string} match The matched character to escape.
     * @returns {string} Returns the escaped character.
     */
    function escapeHtmlChar(match) {
      return htmlEscapes[match];
    }

    /**
     * Gets the appropriate "indexOf" function. If the `_.indexOf` method is
     * customized, this method returns the custom method, otherwise it returns
     * the `baseIndexOf` function.
     *
     * @private
     * @returns {Function} Returns the "indexOf" function.
     */
    function getIndexOf() {
      var result = (result = lodash.indexOf) === indexOf ? baseIndexOf : result;
      return result;
    }

    /**
     * Checks if `value` is a native function.
     *
     * @private
     * @param {*} value The value to check.
     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the `value` is a native function, else `false`.
     */
    function isNative(value) {
      return typeof value == 'function' && reNative.test(value);
    }

    /**
     * Sets `this` binding data on a given function.
     *
     * @private
     * @param {Function} func The function to set data on.
     * @param {Array} value The data array to set.
     */
    var setBindData = !defineProperty ? noop : function(func, value) {
      descriptor.value = value;
      defineProperty(func, '__bindData__', descriptor);
    };

    /**
     * A fallback implementation of `isPlainObject` which checks if a given value
     * is an object created by the `Object` constructor, assuming objects created
     * by the `Object` constructor have no inherited enumerable properties and that
     * there are no `Object.prototype` extensions.
     *
     * @private
     * @param {*} value The value to check.
     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a plain object, else `false`.
     */
    function shimIsPlainObject(value) {
      var ctor,
          result;

      // avoid non Object objects, `arguments` objects, and DOM elements
      if (!(value && toString.call(value) == objectClass) ||
          (ctor = value.constructor, isFunction(ctor) && !(ctor instanceof ctor)) ||
          (!support.argsClass && isArguments(value)) ||
          (!support.nodeClass && isNode(value))) {
        return false;
      }
      // IE < 9 iterates inherited properties before own properties. If the first
      // iterated property is an object's own property then there are no inherited
      // enumerable properties.
      if (support.ownLast) {
        forIn(value, function(value, key, object) {
          result = hasOwnProperty.call(object, key);
          return false;
        });
        return result !== false;
      }
      // In most environments an object's own properties are iterated before
      // its inherited properties. If the last iterated property is an object's
      // own property then there are no inherited enumerable properties.
      forIn(value, function(value, key) {
        result = key;
      });
      return typeof result == 'undefined' || hasOwnProperty.call(value, result);
    }

    /**
     * Used by `unescape` to convert HTML entities to characters.
     *
     * @private
     * @param {string} match The matched character to unescape.
     * @returns {string} Returns the unescaped character.
     */
    function unescapeHtmlChar(match) {
      return htmlUnescapes[match];
    }

    /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

    /**
     * Checks if `value` is an `arguments` object.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Objects
     * @param {*} value The value to check.
     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the `value` is an `arguments` object, else `false`.
     * @example
     *
     * (function() { return _.isArguments(arguments); })(1, 2, 3);
     * // => true
     *
     * _.isArguments([1, 2, 3]);
     * // => false
     */
    function isArguments(value) {
      return value && typeof value == 'object' && typeof value.length == 'number' &&
        toString.call(value) == argsClass || false;
    }
    // fallback for browsers that can't detect `arguments` objects by [[Class]]
    if (!support.argsClass) {
      isArguments = function(value) {
        return value && typeof value == 'object' && typeof value.length == 'number' &&
          hasOwnProperty.call(value, 'callee') && !propertyIsEnumerable.call(value, 'callee') || false;
      };
    }

    /**
     * Checks if `value` is an array.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @type Function
     * @category Objects
     * @param {*} value The value to check.
     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the `value` is an array, else `false`.
     * @example
     *
     * (function() { return _.isArray(arguments); })();
     * // => false
     *
     * _.isArray([1, 2, 3]);
     * // => true
     */
    var isArray = nativeIsArray || function(value) {
      return value && typeof value == 'object' && typeof value.length == 'number' &&
        toString.call(value) == arrayClass || false;
    };

    /**
     * A fallback implementation of `Object.keys` which produces an array of the
     * given object's own enumerable property names.
     *
     * @private
     * @type Function
     * @param {Object} object The object to inspect.
     * @returns {Array} Returns an array of property names.
     */
    var shimKeys = createIterator({
      'args': 'object',
      'init': '[]',
      'top': 'if (!(objectTypes[typeof object])) return result',
      'loop': 'result.push(index)'
    });

    /**
     * Creates an array composed of the own enumerable property names of an object.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Objects
     * @param {Object} object The object to inspect.
     * @returns {Array} Returns an array of property names.
     * @example
     *
     * _.keys({ 'one': 1, 'two': 2, 'three': 3 });
     * // => ['one', 'two', 'three'] (property order is not guaranteed across environments)
     */
    var keys = !nativeKeys ? shimKeys : function(object) {
      if (!isObject(object)) {
        return [];
      }
      if ((support.enumPrototypes && typeof object == 'function') ||
          (support.nonEnumArgs && object.length && isArguments(object))) {
        return shimKeys(object);
      }
      return nativeKeys(object);
    };

    /** Reusable iterator options shared by `each`, `forIn`, and `forOwn` */
    var eachIteratorOptions = {
      'args': 'collection, callback, thisArg',
      'top': "callback = callback && typeof thisArg == 'undefined' ? callback : baseCreateCallback(callback, thisArg, 3)",
      'array': "typeof length == 'number'",
      'keys': keys,
      'loop': 'if (callback(iterable[index], index, collection) === false) return result'
    };

    /** Reusable iterator options for `assign` and `defaults` */
    var defaultsIteratorOptions = {
      'args': 'object, source, guard',
      'top':
        'var args = arguments,\n' +
        '    argsIndex = 0,\n' +
        "    argsLength = typeof guard == 'number' ? 2 : args.length;\n" +
        'while (++argsIndex < argsLength) {\n' +
        '  iterable = args[argsIndex];\n' +
        '  if (iterable && objectTypes[typeof iterable]) {',
      'keys': keys,
      'loop': "if (typeof result[index] == 'undefined') result[index] = iterable[index]",
      'bottom': '  }\n}'
    };

    /** Reusable iterator options for `forIn` and `forOwn` */
    var forOwnIteratorOptions = {
      'top': 'if (!objectTypes[typeof iterable]) return result;\n' + eachIteratorOptions.top,
      'array': false
    };

    /**
     * Used to convert characters to HTML entities:
     *
     * Though the `>` character is escaped for symmetry, characters like `>` and `/`
     * don't require escaping in HTML and have no special meaning unless they're part
     * of a tag or an unquoted attribute value.
     * http://mathiasbynens.be/notes/ambiguous-ampersands (under "semi-related fun fact")
     */
    var htmlEscapes = {
      '&': '&amp;',
      '<': '&lt;',
      '>': '&gt;',
      '"': '&quot;',
      "'": '&#39;'
    };

    /** Used to convert HTML entities to characters */
    var htmlUnescapes = invert(htmlEscapes);

    /** Used to match HTML entities and HTML characters */
    var reEscapedHtml = RegExp('(' + keys(htmlUnescapes).join('|') + ')', 'g'),
        reUnescapedHtml = RegExp('[' + keys(htmlEscapes).join('') + ']', 'g');

    /**
     * A function compiled to iterate `arguments` objects, arrays, objects, and
     * strings consistenly across environments, executing the callback for each
     * element in the collection. The callback is bound to `thisArg` and invoked
     * with three arguments; (value, index|key, collection). Callbacks may exit
     * iteration early by explicitly returning `false`.
     *
     * @private
     * @type Function
     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
     * @param {Function} [callback=identity] The function called per iteration.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {Array|Object|string} Returns `collection`.
     */
    var baseEach = createIterator(eachIteratorOptions);

    /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

    /**
     * Assigns own enumerable properties of source object(s) to the destination
     * object. Subsequent sources will overwrite property assignments of previous
     * sources. If a callback is provided it will be executed to produce the
     * assigned values. The callback is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with two
     * arguments; (objectValue, sourceValue).
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @type Function
     * @alias extend
     * @category Objects
     * @param {Object} object The destination object.
     * @param {...Object} [source] The source objects.
     * @param {Function} [callback] The function to customize assigning values.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {Object} Returns the destination object.
     * @example
     *
     * _.assign({ 'name': 'fred' }, { 'employer': 'slate' });
     * // => { 'name': 'fred', 'employer': 'slate' }
     *
     * var defaults = _.partialRight(_.assign, function(a, b) {
     *   return typeof a == 'undefined' ? b : a;
     * });
     *
     * var object = { 'name': 'barney' };
     * defaults(object, { 'name': 'fred', 'employer': 'slate' });
     * // => { 'name': 'barney', 'employer': 'slate' }
     */
    var assign = createIterator(defaultsIteratorOptions, {
      'top':
        defaultsIteratorOptions.top.replace(';',
          ';\n' +
          "if (argsLength > 3 && typeof args[argsLength - 2] == 'function') {\n" +
          '  var callback = baseCreateCallback(args[--argsLength - 1], args[argsLength--], 2);\n' +
          "} else if (argsLength > 2 && typeof args[argsLength - 1] == 'function') {\n" +
          '  callback = args[--argsLength];\n' +
          '}'
        ),
      'loop': 'result[index] = callback ? callback(result[index], iterable[index]) : iterable[index]'
    });

    /**
     * Creates a clone of `value`. If `isDeep` is `true` nested objects will also
     * be cloned, otherwise they will be assigned by reference. If a callback
     * is provided it will be executed to produce the cloned values. If the
     * callback returns `undefined` cloning will be handled by the method instead.
     * The callback is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with one argument; (value).
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Objects
     * @param {*} value The value to clone.
     * @param {boolean} [isDeep=false] Specify a deep clone.
     * @param {Function} [callback] The function to customize cloning values.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {*} Returns the cloned value.
     * @example
     *
     * var characters = [
     *   { 'name': 'barney', 'age': 36 },
     *   { 'name': 'fred',   'age': 40 }
     * ];
     *
     * var shallow = _.clone(characters);
     * shallow[0] === characters[0];
     * // => true
     *
     * var deep = _.clone(characters, true);
     * deep[0] === characters[0];
     * // => false
     *
     * _.mixin({
     *   'clone': _.partialRight(_.clone, function(value) {
     *     return _.isElement(value) ? value.cloneNode(false) : undefined;
     *   })
     * });
     *
     * var clone = _.clone(document.body);
     * clone.childNodes.length;
     * // => 0
     */
    function clone(value, isDeep, callback, thisArg) {
      // allows working with "Collections" methods without using their `index`
      // and `collection` arguments for `isDeep` and `callback`
      if (typeof isDeep != 'boolean' && isDeep != null) {
        thisArg = callback;
        callback = isDeep;
        isDeep = false;
      }
      return baseClone(value, isDeep, typeof callback == 'function' && baseCreateCallback(callback, thisArg, 1));
    }

    /**
     * Creates a deep clone of `value`. If a callback is provided it will be
     * executed to produce the cloned values. If the callback returns `undefined`
     * cloning will be handled by the method instead. The callback is bound to
     * `thisArg` and invoked with one argument; (value).
     *
     * Note: This method is loosely based on the structured clone algorithm. Functions
     * and DOM nodes are **not** cloned. The enumerable properties of `arguments` objects and
     * objects created by constructors other than `Object` are cloned to plain `Object` objects.
     * See http://www.w3.org/TR/html5/infrastructure.html#internal-structured-cloning-algorithm.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Objects
     * @param {*} value The value to deep clone.
     * @param {Function} [callback] The function to customize cloning values.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {*} Returns the deep cloned value.
     * @example
     *
     * var characters = [
     *   { 'name': 'barney', 'age': 36 },
     *   { 'name': 'fred',   'age': 40 }
     * ];
     *
     * var deep = _.cloneDeep(characters);
     * deep[0] === characters[0];
     * // => false
     *
     * var view = {
     *   'label': 'docs',
     *   'node': element
     * };
     *
     * var clone = _.cloneDeep(view, function(value) {
     *   return _.isElement(value) ? value.cloneNode(true) : undefined;
     * });
     *
     * clone.node == view.node;
     * // => false
     */
    function cloneDeep(value, callback, thisArg) {
      return baseClone(value, true, typeof callback == 'function' && baseCreateCallback(callback, thisArg, 1));
    }

    /**
     * Creates an object that inherits from the given `prototype` object. If a
     * `properties` object is provided its own enumerable properties are assigned
     * to the created object.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Objects
     * @param {Object} prototype The object to inherit from.
     * @param {Object} [properties] The properties to assign to the object.
     * @returns {Object} Returns the new object.
     * @example
     *
     * function Shape() {
     *   this.x = 0;
     *   this.y = 0;
     * }
     *
     * function Circle() {
     *   Shape.call(this);
     * }
     *
     * Circle.prototype = _.create(Shape.prototype, { 'constructor': Circle });
     *
     * var circle = new Circle;
     * circle instanceof Circle;
     * // => true
     *
     * circle instanceof Shape;
     * // => true
     */
    function create(prototype, properties) {
      var result = baseCreate(prototype);
      return properties ? assign(result, properties) : result;
    }

    /**
     * Assigns own enumerable properties of source object(s) to the destination
     * object for all destination properties that resolve to `undefined`. Once a
     * property is set, additional defaults of the same property will be ignored.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @type Function
     * @category Objects
     * @param {Object} object The destination object.
     * @param {...Object} [source] The source objects.
     * @param- {Object} [guard] Allows working with `_.reduce` without using its
     *  `key` and `object` arguments as sources.
     * @returns {Object} Returns the destination object.
     * @example
     *
     * var object = { 'name': 'barney' };
     * _.defaults(object, { 'name': 'fred', 'employer': 'slate' });
     * // => { 'name': 'barney', 'employer': 'slate' }
     */
    var defaults = createIterator(defaultsIteratorOptions);

    /**
     * This method is like `_.findIndex` except that it returns the key of the
     * first element that passes the callback check, instead of the element itself.
     *
     * If a property name is provided for `callback` the created "_.pluck" style
     * callback will return the property value of the given element.
     *
     * If an object is provided for `callback` the created "_.where" style callback
     * will return `true` for elements that have the properties of the given object,
     * else `false`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Objects
     * @param {Object} object The object to search.
     * @param {Function|Object|string} [callback=identity] The function called per
     *  iteration. If a property name or object is provided it will be used to
     *  create a "_.pluck" or "_.where" style callback, respectively.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {string|undefined} Returns the key of the found element, else `undefined`.
     * @example
     *
     * var characters = {
     *   'barney': {  'age': 36, 'blocked': false },
     *   'fred': {    'age': 40, 'blocked': true },
     *   'pebbles': { 'age': 1,  'blocked': false }
     * };
     *
     * _.findKey(characters, function(chr) {
     *   return chr.age < 40;
     * });
     * // => 'barney' (property order is not guaranteed across environments)
     *
     * // using "_.where" callback shorthand
     * _.findKey(characters, { 'age': 1 });
     * // => 'pebbles'
     *
     * // using "_.pluck" callback shorthand
     * _.findKey(characters, 'blocked');
     * // => 'fred'
     */
    function findKey(object, callback, thisArg) {
      var result;
      callback = lodash.createCallback(callback, thisArg, 3);
      forOwn(object, function(value, key, object) {
        if (callback(value, key, object)) {
          result = key;
          return false;
        }
      });
      return result;
    }

    /**
     * This method is like `_.findKey` except that it iterates over elements
     * of a `collection` in the opposite order.
     *
     * If a property name is provided for `callback` the created "_.pluck" style
     * callback will return the property value of the given element.
     *
     * If an object is provided for `callback` the created "_.where" style callback
     * will return `true` for elements that have the properties of the given object,
     * else `false`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Objects
     * @param {Object} object The object to search.
     * @param {Function|Object|string} [callback=identity] The function called per
     *  iteration. If a property name or object is provided it will be used to
     *  create a "_.pluck" or "_.where" style callback, respectively.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {string|undefined} Returns the key of the found element, else `undefined`.
     * @example
     *
     * var characters = {
     *   'barney': {  'age': 36, 'blocked': true },
     *   'fred': {    'age': 40, 'blocked': false },
     *   'pebbles': { 'age': 1,  'blocked': true }
     * };
     *
     * _.findLastKey(characters, function(chr) {
     *   return chr.age < 40;
     * });
     * // => returns `pebbles`, assuming `_.findKey` returns `barney`
     *
     * // using "_.where" callback shorthand
     * _.findLastKey(characters, { 'age': 40 });
     * // => 'fred'
     *
     * // using "_.pluck" callback shorthand
     * _.findLastKey(characters, 'blocked');
     * // => 'pebbles'
     */
    function findLastKey(object, callback, thisArg) {
      var result;
      callback = lodash.createCallback(callback, thisArg, 3);
      forOwnRight(object, function(value, key, object) {
        if (callback(value, key, object)) {
          result = key;
          return false;
        }
      });
      return result;
    }

    /**
     * Iterates over own and inherited enumerable properties of an object,
     * executing the callback for each property. The callback is bound to `thisArg`
     * and invoked with three arguments; (value, key, object). Callbacks may exit
     * iteration early by explicitly returning `false`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @type Function
     * @category Objects
     * @param {Object} object The object to iterate over.
     * @param {Function} [callback=identity] The function called per iteration.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
     * @example
     *
     * function Shape() {
     *   this.x = 0;
     *   this.y = 0;
     * }
     *
     * Shape.prototype.move = function(x, y) {
     *   this.x += x;
     *   this.y += y;
     * };
     *
     * _.forIn(new Shape, function(value, key) {
     *   console.log(key);
     * });
     * // => logs 'x', 'y', and 'move' (property order is not guaranteed across environments)
     */
    var forIn = createIterator(eachIteratorOptions, forOwnIteratorOptions, {
      'useHas': false
    });

    /**
     * This method is like `_.forIn` except that it iterates over elements
     * of a `collection` in the opposite order.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Objects
     * @param {Object} object The object to iterate over.
     * @param {Function} [callback=identity] The function called per iteration.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
     * @example
     *
     * function Shape() {
     *   this.x = 0;
     *   this.y = 0;
     * }
     *
     * Shape.prototype.move = function(x, y) {
     *   this.x += x;
     *   this.y += y;
     * };
     *
     * _.forInRight(new Shape, function(value, key) {
     *   console.log(key);
     * });
     * // => logs 'move', 'y', and 'x' assuming `_.forIn ` logs 'x', 'y', and 'move'
     */
    function forInRight(object, callback, thisArg) {
      var pairs = [];

      forIn(object, function(value, key) {
        pairs.push(key, value);
      });

      var length = pairs.length;
      callback = baseCreateCallback(callback, thisArg, 3);
      while (length--) {
        if (callback(pairs[length--], pairs[length], object) === false) {
          break;
        }
      }
      return object;
    }

    /**
     * Iterates over own enumerable properties of an object, executing the callback
     * for each property. The callback is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with three
     * arguments; (value, key, object). Callbacks may exit iteration early by
     * explicitly returning `false`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @type Function
     * @category Objects
     * @param {Object} object The object to iterate over.
     * @param {Function} [callback=identity] The function called per iteration.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
     * @example
     *
     * _.forOwn({ '0': 'zero', '1': 'one', 'length': 2 }, function(num, key) {
     *   console.log(key);
     * });
     * // => logs '0', '1', and 'length' (property order is not guaranteed across environments)
     */
    var forOwn = createIterator(eachIteratorOptions, forOwnIteratorOptions);

    /**
     * This method is like `_.forOwn` except that it iterates over elements
     * of a `collection` in the opposite order.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Objects
     * @param {Object} object The object to iterate over.
     * @param {Function} [callback=identity] The function called per iteration.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
     * @example
     *
     * _.forOwnRight({ '0': 'zero', '1': 'one', 'length': 2 }, function(num, key) {
     *   console.log(key);
     * });
     * // => logs 'length', '1', and '0' assuming `_.forOwn` logs '0', '1', and 'length'
     */
    function forOwnRight(object, callback, thisArg) {
      var props = keys(object),
          length = props.length;

      callback = baseCreateCallback(callback, thisArg, 3);
      while (length--) {
        var key = props[length];
        if (callback(object[key], key, object) === false) {
          break;
        }
      }
      return object;
    }

    /**
     * Creates a sorted array of property names of all enumerable properties,
     * own and inherited, of `object` that have function values.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @alias methods
     * @category Objects
     * @param {Object} object The object to inspect.
     * @returns {Array} Returns an array of property names that have function values.
     * @example
     *
     * _.functions(_);
     * // => ['all', 'any', 'bind', 'bindAll', 'clone', 'compact', 'compose', ...]
     */
    function functions(object) {
      var result = [];
      forIn(object, function(value, key) {
        if (isFunction(value)) {
          result.push(key);
        }
      });
      return result.sort();
    }

    /**
     * Checks if the specified property name exists as a direct property of `object`,
     * instead of an inherited property.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Objects
     * @param {Object} object The object to inspect.
     * @param {string} key The name of the property to check.
     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if key is a direct property, else `false`.
     * @example
     *
     * _.has({ 'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3 }, 'b');
     * // => true
     */
    function has(object, key) {
      return object ? hasOwnProperty.call(object, key) : false;
    }

    /**
     * Creates an object composed of the inverted keys and values of the given object.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Objects
     * @param {Object} object The object to invert.
     * @returns {Object} Returns the created inverted object.
     * @example
     *
     * _.invert({ 'first': 'fred', 'second': 'barney' });
     * // => { 'fred': 'first', 'barney': 'second' }
     */
    function invert(object) {
      var index = -1,
          props = keys(object),
          length = props.length,
          result = {};

      while (++index < length) {
        var key = props[index];
        result[object[key]] = key;
      }
      return result;
    }

    /**
     * Checks if `value` is a boolean value.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Objects
     * @param {*} value The value to check.
     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the `value` is a boolean value, else `false`.
     * @example
     *
     * _.isBoolean(null);
     * // => false
     */
    function isBoolean(value) {
      return value === true || value === false ||
        value && typeof value == 'object' && toString.call(value) == boolClass || false;
    }

    /**
     * Checks if `value` is a date.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Objects
     * @param {*} value The value to check.
     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the `value` is a date, else `false`.
     * @example
     *
     * _.isDate(new Date);
     * // => true
     */
    function isDate(value) {
      return value && typeof value == 'object' && toString.call(value) == dateClass || false;
    }

    /**
     * Checks if `value` is a DOM element.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Objects
     * @param {*} value The value to check.
     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the `value` is a DOM element, else `false`.
     * @example
     *
     * _.isElement(document.body);
     * // => true
     */
    function isElement(value) {
      return value && value.nodeType === 1 || false;
    }

    /**
     * Checks if `value` is empty. Arrays, strings, or `arguments` objects with a
     * length of `0` and objects with no own enumerable properties are considered
     * "empty".
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Objects
     * @param {Array|Object|string} value The value to inspect.
     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the `value` is empty, else `false`.
     * @example
     *
     * _.isEmpty([1, 2, 3]);
     * // => false
     *
     * _.isEmpty({});
     * // => true
     *
     * _.isEmpty('');
     * // => true
     */
    function isEmpty(value) {
      var result = true;
      if (!value) {
        return result;
      }
      var className = toString.call(value),
          length = value.length;

      if ((className == arrayClass || className == stringClass ||
          (support.argsClass ? className == argsClass : isArguments(value))) ||
          (className == objectClass && typeof length == 'number' && isFunction(value.splice))) {
        return !length;
      }
      forOwn(value, function() {
        return (result = false);
      });
      return result;
    }

    /**
     * Performs a deep comparison between two values to determine if they are
     * equivalent to each other. If a callback is provided it will be executed
     * to compare values. If the callback returns `undefined` comparisons will
     * be handled by the method instead. The callback is bound to `thisArg` and
     * invoked with two arguments; (a, b).
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Objects
     * @param {*} a The value to compare.
     * @param {*} b The other value to compare.
     * @param {Function} [callback] The function to customize comparing values.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the values are equivalent, else `false`.
     * @example
     *
     * var object = { 'name': 'fred' };
     * var copy = { 'name': 'fred' };
     *
     * object == copy;
     * // => false
     *
     * _.isEqual(object, copy);
     * // => true
     *
     * var words = ['hello', 'goodbye'];
     * var otherWords = ['hi', 'goodbye'];
     *
     * _.isEqual(words, otherWords, function(a, b) {
     *   var reGreet = /^(?:hello|hi)$/i,
     *       aGreet = _.isString(a) && reGreet.test(a),
     *       bGreet = _.isString(b) && reGreet.test(b);
     *
     *   return (aGreet || bGreet) ? (aGreet == bGreet) : undefined;
     * });
     * // => true
     */
    function isEqual(a, b, callback, thisArg) {
      return baseIsEqual(a, b, typeof callback == 'function' && baseCreateCallback(callback, thisArg, 2));
    }

    /**
     * Checks if `value` is, or can be coerced to, a finite number.
     *
     * Note: This is not the same as native `isFinite` which will return true for
     * booleans and empty strings. See http://es5.github.io/#x15.1.2.5.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Objects
     * @param {*} value The value to check.
     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the `value` is finite, else `false`.
     * @example
     *
     * _.isFinite(-101);
     * // => true
     *
     * _.isFinite('10');
     * // => true
     *
     * _.isFinite(true);
     * // => false
     *
     * _.isFinite('');
     * // => false
     *
     * _.isFinite(Infinity);
     * // => false
     */
    function isFinite(value) {
      return nativeIsFinite(value) && !nativeIsNaN(parseFloat(value));
    }

    /**
     * Checks if `value` is a function.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Objects
     * @param {*} value The value to check.
     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the `value` is a function, else `false`.
     * @example
     *
     * _.isFunction(_);
     * // => true
     */
    function isFunction(value) {
      return typeof value == 'function';
    }
    // fallback for older versions of Chrome and Safari
    if (isFunction(/x/)) {
      isFunction = function(value) {
        return typeof value == 'function' && toString.call(value) == funcClass;
      };
    }

    /**
     * Checks if `value` is the language type of Object.
     * (e.g. arrays, functions, objects, regexes, `new Number(0)`, and `new String('')`)
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Objects
     * @param {*} value The value to check.
     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the `value` is an object, else `false`.
     * @example
     *
     * _.isObject({});
     * // => true
     *
     * _.isObject([1, 2, 3]);
     * // => true
     *
     * _.isObject(1);
     * // => false
     */
    function isObject(value) {
      // check if the value is the ECMAScript language type of Object
      // http://es5.github.io/#x8
      // and avoid a V8 bug
      // http://code.google.com/p/v8/issues/detail?id=2291
      return !!(value && objectTypes[typeof value]);
    }

    /**
     * Checks if `value` is `NaN`.
     *
     * Note: This is not the same as native `isNaN` which will return `true` for
     * `undefined` and other non-numeric values. See http://es5.github.io/#x15.1.2.4.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Objects
     * @param {*} value The value to check.
     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the `value` is `NaN`, else `false`.
     * @example
     *
     * _.isNaN(NaN);
     * // => true
     *
     * _.isNaN(new Number(NaN));
     * // => true
     *
     * isNaN(undefined);
     * // => true
     *
     * _.isNaN(undefined);
     * // => false
     */
    function isNaN(value) {
      // `NaN` as a primitive is the only value that is not equal to itself
      // (perform the [[Class]] check first to avoid errors with some host objects in IE)
      return isNumber(value) && value != +value;
    }

    /**
     * Checks if `value` is `null`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Objects
     * @param {*} value The value to check.
     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the `value` is `null`, else `false`.
     * @example
     *
     * _.isNull(null);
     * // => true
     *
     * _.isNull(undefined);
     * // => false
     */
    function isNull(value) {
      return value === null;
    }

    /**
     * Checks if `value` is a number.
     *
     * Note: `NaN` is considered a number. See http://es5.github.io/#x8.5.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Objects
     * @param {*} value The value to check.
     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the `value` is a number, else `false`.
     * @example
     *
     * _.isNumber(8.4 * 5);
     * // => true
     */
    function isNumber(value) {
      return typeof value == 'number' ||
        value && typeof value == 'object' && toString.call(value) == numberClass || false;
    }

    /**
     * Checks if `value` is an object created by the `Object` constructor.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Objects
     * @param {*} value The value to check.
     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a plain object, else `false`.
     * @example
     *
     * function Shape() {
     *   this.x = 0;
     *   this.y = 0;
     * }
     *
     * _.isPlainObject(new Shape);
     * // => false
     *
     * _.isPlainObject([1, 2, 3]);
     * // => false
     *
     * _.isPlainObject({ 'x': 0, 'y': 0 });
     * // => true
     */
    var isPlainObject = !getPrototypeOf ? shimIsPlainObject : function(value) {
      if (!(value && toString.call(value) == objectClass) || (!support.argsClass && isArguments(value))) {
        return false;
      }
      var valueOf = value.valueOf,
          objProto = isNative(valueOf) && (objProto = getPrototypeOf(valueOf)) && getPrototypeOf(objProto);

      return objProto
        ? (value == objProto || getPrototypeOf(value) == objProto)
        : shimIsPlainObject(value);
    };

    /**
     * Checks if `value` is a regular expression.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Objects
     * @param {*} value The value to check.
     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the `value` is a regular expression, else `false`.
     * @example
     *
     * _.isRegExp(/fred/);
     * // => true
     */
    function isRegExp(value) {
      return value && objectTypes[typeof value] && toString.call(value) == regexpClass || false;
    }

    /**
     * Checks if `value` is a string.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Objects
     * @param {*} value The value to check.
     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the `value` is a string, else `false`.
     * @example
     *
     * _.isString('fred');
     * // => true
     */
    function isString(value) {
      return typeof value == 'string' ||
        value && typeof value == 'object' && toString.call(value) == stringClass || false;
    }

    /**
     * Checks if `value` is `undefined`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Objects
     * @param {*} value The value to check.
     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the `value` is `undefined`, else `false`.
     * @example
     *
     * _.isUndefined(void 0);
     * // => true
     */
    function isUndefined(value) {
      return typeof value == 'undefined';
    }

    /**
     * Creates an object with the same keys as `object` and values generated by
     * running each own enumerable property of `object` through the callback.
     * The callback is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with three arguments;
     * (value, key, object).
     *
     * If a property name is provided for `callback` the created "_.pluck" style
     * callback will return the property value of the given element.
     *
     * If an object is provided for `callback` the created "_.where" style callback
     * will return `true` for elements that have the properties of the given object,
     * else `false`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Objects
     * @param {Object} object The object to iterate over.
     * @param {Function|Object|string} [callback=identity] The function called
     *  per iteration. If a property name or object is provided it will be used
     *  to create a "_.pluck" or "_.where" style callback, respectively.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {Array} Returns a new object with values of the results of each `callback` execution.
     * @example
     *
     * _.mapValues({ 'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3} , function(num) { return num * 3; });
     * // => { 'a': 3, 'b': 6, 'c': 9 }
     *
     * var characters = {
     *   'fred': { 'name': 'fred', 'age': 40 },
     *   'pebbles': { 'name': 'pebbles', 'age': 1 }
     * };
     *
     * // using "_.pluck" callback shorthand
     * _.mapValues(characters, 'age');
     * // => { 'fred': 40, 'pebbles': 1 }
     */
    function mapValues(object, callback, thisArg) {
      var result = {};
      callback = lodash.createCallback(callback, thisArg, 3);

      forOwn(object, function(value, key, object) {
        result[key] = callback(value, key, object);
      });
      return result;
    }

    /**
     * Recursively merges own enumerable properties of the source object(s), that
     * don't resolve to `undefined` into the destination object. Subsequent sources
     * will overwrite property assignments of previous sources. If a callback is
     * provided it will be executed to produce the merged values of the destination
     * and source properties. If the callback returns `undefined` merging will
     * be handled by the method instead. The callback is bound to `thisArg` and
     * invoked with two arguments; (objectValue, sourceValue).
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Objects
     * @param {Object} object The destination object.
     * @param {...Object} [source] The source objects.
     * @param {Function} [callback] The function to customize merging properties.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {Object} Returns the destination object.
     * @example
     *
     * var names = {
     *   'characters': [
     *     { 'name': 'barney' },
     *     { 'name': 'fred' }
     *   ]
     * };
     *
     * var ages = {
     *   'characters': [
     *     { 'age': 36 },
     *     { 'age': 40 }
     *   ]
     * };
     *
     * _.merge(names, ages);
     * // => { 'characters': [{ 'name': 'barney', 'age': 36 }, { 'name': 'fred', 'age': 40 }] }
     *
     * var food = {
     *   'fruits': ['apple'],
     *   'vegetables': ['beet']
     * };
     *
     * var otherFood = {
     *   'fruits': ['banana'],
     *   'vegetables': ['carrot']
     * };
     *
     * _.merge(food, otherFood, function(a, b) {
     *   return _.isArray(a) ? a.concat(b) : undefined;
     * });
     * // => { 'fruits': ['apple', 'banana'], 'vegetables': ['beet', 'carrot] }
     */
    function merge(object) {
      var args = arguments,
          length = 2;

      if (!isObject(object)) {
        return object;
      }
      // allows working with `_.reduce` and `_.reduceRight` without using
      // their `index` and `collection` arguments
      if (typeof args[2] != 'number') {
        length = args.length;
      }
      if (length > 3 && typeof args[length - 2] == 'function') {
        var callback = baseCreateCallback(args[--length - 1], args[length--], 2);
      } else if (length > 2 && typeof args[length - 1] == 'function') {
        callback = args[--length];
      }
      var sources = slice(arguments, 1, length),
          index = -1,
          stackA = getArray(),
          stackB = getArray();

      while (++index < length) {
        baseMerge(object, sources[index], callback, stackA, stackB);
      }
      releaseArray(stackA);
      releaseArray(stackB);
      return object;
    }

    /**
     * Creates a shallow clone of `object` excluding the specified properties.
     * Property names may be specified as individual arguments or as arrays of
     * property names. If a callback is provided it will be executed for each
     * property of `object` omitting the properties the callback returns truey
     * for. The callback is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with three arguments;
     * (value, key, object).
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Objects
     * @param {Object} object The source object.
     * @param {Function|...string|string[]} [callback] The properties to omit or the
     *  function called per iteration.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {Object} Returns an object without the omitted properties.
     * @example
     *
     * _.omit({ 'name': 'fred', 'age': 40 }, 'age');
     * // => { 'name': 'fred' }
     *
     * _.omit({ 'name': 'fred', 'age': 40 }, function(value) {
     *   return typeof value == 'number';
     * });
     * // => { 'name': 'fred' }
     */
    function omit(object, callback, thisArg) {
      var result = {};
      if (typeof callback != 'function') {
        var props = [];
        forIn(object, function(value, key) {
          props.push(key);
        });
        props = baseDifference(props, baseFlatten(arguments, true, false, 1));

        var index = -1,
            length = props.length;

        while (++index < length) {
          var key = props[index];
          result[key] = object[key];
        }
      } else {
        callback = lodash.createCallback(callback, thisArg, 3);
        forIn(object, function(value, key, object) {
          if (!callback(value, key, object)) {
            result[key] = value;
          }
        });
      }
      return result;
    }

    /**
     * Creates a two dimensional array of an object's key-value pairs,
     * i.e. `[[key1, value1], [key2, value2]]`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Objects
     * @param {Object} object The object to inspect.
     * @returns {Array} Returns new array of key-value pairs.
     * @example
     *
     * _.pairs({ 'barney': 36, 'fred': 40 });
     * // => [['barney', 36], ['fred', 40]] (property order is not guaranteed across environments)
     */
    function pairs(object) {
      var index = -1,
          props = keys(object),
          length = props.length,
          result = Array(length);

      while (++index < length) {
        var key = props[index];
        result[index] = [key, object[key]];
      }
      return result;
    }

    /**
     * Creates a shallow clone of `object` composed of the specified properties.
     * Property names may be specified as individual arguments or as arrays of
     * property names. If a callback is provided it will be executed for each
     * property of `object` picking the properties the callback returns truey
     * for. The callback is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with three arguments;
     * (value, key, object).
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Objects
     * @param {Object} object The source object.
     * @param {Function|...string|string[]} [callback] The function called per
     *  iteration or property names to pick, specified as individual property
     *  names or arrays of property names.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {Object} Returns an object composed of the picked properties.
     * @example
     *
     * _.pick({ 'name': 'fred', '_userid': 'fred1' }, 'name');
     * // => { 'name': 'fred' }
     *
     * _.pick({ 'name': 'fred', '_userid': 'fred1' }, function(value, key) {
     *   return key.charAt(0) != '_';
     * });
     * // => { 'name': 'fred' }
     */
    function pick(object, callback, thisArg) {
      var result = {};
      if (typeof callback != 'function') {
        var index = -1,
            props = baseFlatten(arguments, true, false, 1),
            length = isObject(object) ? props.length : 0;

        while (++index < length) {
          var key = props[index];
          if (key in object) {
            result[key] = object[key];
          }
        }
      } else {
        callback = lodash.createCallback(callback, thisArg, 3);
        forIn(object, function(value, key, object) {
          if (callback(value, key, object)) {
            result[key] = value;
          }
        });
      }
      return result;
    }

    /**
     * An alternative to `_.reduce` this method transforms `object` to a new
     * `accumulator` object which is the result of running each of its own
     * enumerable properties through a callback, with each callback execution
     * potentially mutating the `accumulator` object. The callback is bound to
     * `thisArg` and invoked with four arguments; (accumulator, value, key, object).
     * Callbacks may exit iteration early by explicitly returning `false`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Objects
     * @param {Array|Object} object The object to iterate over.
     * @param {Function} [callback=identity] The function called per iteration.
     * @param {*} [accumulator] The custom accumulator value.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {*} Returns the accumulated value.
     * @example
     *
     * var squares = _.transform([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10], function(result, num) {
     *   num *= num;
     *   if (num % 2) {
     *     return result.push(num) < 3;
     *   }
     * });
     * // => [1, 9, 25]
     *
     * var mapped = _.transform({ 'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3 }, function(result, num, key) {
     *   result[key] = num * 3;
     * });
     * // => { 'a': 3, 'b': 6, 'c': 9 }
     */
    function transform(object, callback, accumulator, thisArg) {
      var isArr = isArray(object);
      if (accumulator == null) {
        if (isArr) {
          accumulator = [];
        } else {
          var ctor = object && object.constructor,
              proto = ctor && ctor.prototype;

          accumulator = baseCreate(proto);
        }
      }
      if (callback) {
        callback = lodash.createCallback(callback, thisArg, 4);
        (isArr ? baseEach : forOwn)(object, function(value, index, object) {
          return callback(accumulator, value, index, object);
        });
      }
      return accumulator;
    }

    /**
     * Creates an array composed of the own enumerable property values of `object`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Objects
     * @param {Object} object The object to inspect.
     * @returns {Array} Returns an array of property values.
     * @example
     *
     * _.values({ 'one': 1, 'two': 2, 'three': 3 });
     * // => [1, 2, 3] (property order is not guaranteed across environments)
     */
    function values(object) {
      var index = -1,
          props = keys(object),
          length = props.length,
          result = Array(length);

      while (++index < length) {
        result[index] = object[props[index]];
      }
      return result;
    }

    /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

    /**
     * Creates an array of elements from the specified indexes, or keys, of the
     * `collection`. Indexes may be specified as individual arguments or as arrays
     * of indexes.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Collections
     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
     * @param {...(number|number[]|string|string[])} [index] The indexes of `collection`
     *   to retrieve, specified as individual indexes or arrays of indexes.
     * @returns {Array} Returns a new array of elements corresponding to the
     *  provided indexes.
     * @example
     *
     * _.at(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e'], [0, 2, 4]);
     * // => ['a', 'c', 'e']
     *
     * _.at(['fred', 'barney', 'pebbles'], 0, 2);
     * // => ['fred', 'pebbles']
     */
    function at(collection) {
      var args = arguments,
          index = -1,
          props = baseFlatten(args, true, false, 1),
          length = (args[2] && args[2][args[1]] === collection) ? 1 : props.length,
          result = Array(length);

      if (support.unindexedChars && isString(collection)) {
        collection = collection.split('');
      }
      while(++index < length) {
        result[index] = collection[props[index]];
      }
      return result;
    }

    /**
     * Checks if a given value is present in a collection using strict equality
     * for comparisons, i.e. `===`. If `fromIndex` is negative, it is used as the
     * offset from the end of the collection.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @alias include
     * @category Collections
     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
     * @param {*} target The value to check for.
     * @param {number} [fromIndex=0] The index to search from.
     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the `target` element is found, else `false`.
     * @example
     *
     * _.contains([1, 2, 3], 1);
     * // => true
     *
     * _.contains([1, 2, 3], 1, 2);
     * // => false
     *
     * _.contains({ 'name': 'fred', 'age': 40 }, 'fred');
     * // => true
     *
     * _.contains('pebbles', 'eb');
     * // => true
     */
    function contains(collection, target, fromIndex) {
      var index = -1,
          indexOf = getIndexOf(),
          length = collection ? collection.length : 0,
          result = false;

      fromIndex = (fromIndex < 0 ? nativeMax(0, length + fromIndex) : fromIndex) || 0;
      if (isArray(collection)) {
        result = indexOf(collection, target, fromIndex) > -1;
      } else if (typeof length == 'number') {
        result = (isString(collection) ? collection.indexOf(target, fromIndex) : indexOf(collection, target, fromIndex)) > -1;
      } else {
        baseEach(collection, function(value) {
          if (++index >= fromIndex) {
            return !(result = value === target);
          }
        });
      }
      return result;
    }

    /**
     * Creates an object composed of keys generated from the results of running
     * each element of `collection` through the callback. The corresponding value
     * of each key is the number of times the key was returned by the callback.
     * The callback is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with three arguments;
     * (value, index|key, collection).
     *
     * If a property name is provided for `callback` the created "_.pluck" style
     * callback will return the property value of the given element.
     *
     * If an object is provided for `callback` the created "_.where" style callback
     * will return `true` for elements that have the properties of the given object,
     * else `false`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Collections
     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
     * @param {Function|Object|string} [callback=identity] The function called
     *  per iteration. If a property name or object is provided it will be used
     *  to create a "_.pluck" or "_.where" style callback, respectively.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {Object} Returns the composed aggregate object.
     * @example
     *
     * _.countBy([4.3, 6.1, 6.4], function(num) { return Math.floor(num); });
     * // => { '4': 1, '6': 2 }
     *
     * _.countBy([4.3, 6.1, 6.4], function(num) { return this.floor(num); }, Math);
     * // => { '4': 1, '6': 2 }
     *
     * _.countBy(['one', 'two', 'three'], 'length');
     * // => { '3': 2, '5': 1 }
     */
    var countBy = createAggregator(function(result, value, key) {
      (hasOwnProperty.call(result, key) ? result[key]++ : result[key] = 1);
    });

    /**
     * Checks if the given callback returns truey value for **all** elements of
     * a collection. The callback is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with three
     * arguments; (value, index|key, collection).
     *
     * If a property name is provided for `callback` the created "_.pluck" style
     * callback will return the property value of the given element.
     *
     * If an object is provided for `callback` the created "_.where" style callback
     * will return `true` for elements that have the properties of the given object,
     * else `false`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @alias all
     * @category Collections
     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
     * @param {Function|Object|string} [callback=identity] The function called
     *  per iteration. If a property name or object is provided it will be used
     *  to create a "_.pluck" or "_.where" style callback, respectively.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if all elements passed the callback check,
     *  else `false`.
     * @example
     *
     * _.every([true, 1, null, 'yes']);
     * // => false
     *
     * var characters = [
     *   { 'name': 'barney', 'age': 36 },
     *   { 'name': 'fred',   'age': 40 }
     * ];
     *
     * // using "_.pluck" callback shorthand
     * _.every(characters, 'age');
     * // => true
     *
     * // using "_.where" callback shorthand
     * _.every(characters, { 'age': 36 });
     * // => false
     */
    function every(collection, callback, thisArg) {
      var result = true;
      callback = lodash.createCallback(callback, thisArg, 3);

      if (isArray(collection)) {
        var index = -1,
            length = collection.length;

        while (++index < length) {
          if (!(result = !!callback(collection[index], index, collection))) {
            break;
          }
        }
      } else {
        baseEach(collection, function(value, index, collection) {
          return (result = !!callback(value, index, collection));
        });
      }
      return result;
    }

    /**
     * Iterates over elements of a collection, returning an array of all elements
     * the callback returns truey for. The callback is bound to `thisArg` and
     * invoked with three arguments; (value, index|key, collection).
     *
     * If a property name is provided for `callback` the created "_.pluck" style
     * callback will return the property value of the given element.
     *
     * If an object is provided for `callback` the created "_.where" style callback
     * will return `true` for elements that have the properties of the given object,
     * else `false`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @alias select
     * @category Collections
     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
     * @param {Function|Object|string} [callback=identity] The function called
     *  per iteration. If a property name or object is provided it will be used
     *  to create a "_.pluck" or "_.where" style callback, respectively.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {Array} Returns a new array of elements that passed the callback check.
     * @example
     *
     * var evens = _.filter([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], function(num) { return num % 2 == 0; });
     * // => [2, 4, 6]
     *
     * var characters = [
     *   { 'name': 'barney', 'age': 36, 'blocked': false },
     *   { 'name': 'fred',   'age': 40, 'blocked': true }
     * ];
     *
     * // using "_.pluck" callback shorthand
     * _.filter(characters, 'blocked');
     * // => [{ 'name': 'fred', 'age': 40, 'blocked': true }]
     *
     * // using "_.where" callback shorthand
     * _.filter(characters, { 'age': 36 });
     * // => [{ 'name': 'barney', 'age': 36, 'blocked': false }]
     */
    function filter(collection, callback, thisArg) {
      var result = [];
      callback = lodash.createCallback(callback, thisArg, 3);

      if (isArray(collection)) {
        var index = -1,
            length = collection.length;

        while (++index < length) {
          var value = collection[index];
          if (callback(value, index, collection)) {
            result.push(value);
          }
        }
      } else {
        baseEach(collection, function(value, index, collection) {
          if (callback(value, index, collection)) {
            result.push(value);
          }
        });
      }
      return result;
    }

    /**
     * Iterates over elements of a collection, returning the first element that
     * the callback returns truey for. The callback is bound to `thisArg` and
     * invoked with three arguments; (value, index|key, collection).
     *
     * If a property name is provided for `callback` the created "_.pluck" style
     * callback will return the property value of the given element.
     *
     * If an object is provided for `callback` the created "_.where" style callback
     * will return `true` for elements that have the properties of the given object,
     * else `false`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @alias detect, findWhere
     * @category Collections
     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
     * @param {Function|Object|string} [callback=identity] The function called
     *  per iteration. If a property name or object is provided it will be used
     *  to create a "_.pluck" or "_.where" style callback, respectively.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {*} Returns the found element, else `undefined`.
     * @example
     *
     * var characters = [
     *   { 'name': 'barney',  'age': 36, 'blocked': false },
     *   { 'name': 'fred',    'age': 40, 'blocked': true },
     *   { 'name': 'pebbles', 'age': 1,  'blocked': false }
     * ];
     *
     * _.find(characters, function(chr) {
     *   return chr.age < 40;
     * });
     * // => { 'name': 'barney', 'age': 36, 'blocked': false }
     *
     * // using "_.where" callback shorthand
     * _.find(characters, { 'age': 1 });
     * // =>  { 'name': 'pebbles', 'age': 1, 'blocked': false }
     *
     * // using "_.pluck" callback shorthand
     * _.find(characters, 'blocked');
     * // => { 'name': 'fred', 'age': 40, 'blocked': true }
     */
    function find(collection, callback, thisArg) {
      callback = lodash.createCallback(callback, thisArg, 3);

      if (isArray(collection)) {
        var index = -1,
            length = collection.length;

        while (++index < length) {
          var value = collection[index];
          if (callback(value, index, collection)) {
            return value;
          }
        }
      } else {
        var result;
        baseEach(collection, function(value, index, collection) {
          if (callback(value, index, collection)) {
            result = value;
            return false;
          }
        });
        return result;
      }
    }

    /**
     * This method is like `_.find` except that it iterates over elements
     * of a `collection` from right to left.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Collections
     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
     * @param {Function|Object|string} [callback=identity] The function called
     *  per iteration. If a property name or object is provided it will be used
     *  to create a "_.pluck" or "_.where" style callback, respectively.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {*} Returns the found element, else `undefined`.
     * @example
     *
     * _.findLast([1, 2, 3, 4], function(num) {
     *   return num % 2 == 1;
     * });
     * // => 3
     */
    function findLast(collection, callback, thisArg) {
      var result;
      callback = lodash.createCallback(callback, thisArg, 3);
      forEachRight(collection, function(value, index, collection) {
        if (callback(value, index, collection)) {
          result = value;
          return false;
        }
      });
      return result;
    }

    /**
     * Iterates over elements of a collection, executing the callback for each
     * element. The callback is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with three arguments;
     * (value, index|key, collection). Callbacks may exit iteration early by
     * explicitly returning `false`.
     *
     * Note: As with other "Collections" methods, objects with a `length` property
     * are iterated like arrays. To avoid this behavior `_.forIn` or `_.forOwn`
     * may be used for object iteration.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @alias each
     * @category Collections
     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
     * @param {Function} [callback=identity] The function called per iteration.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {Array|Object|string} Returns `collection`.
     * @example
     *
     * _([1, 2, 3]).forEach(function(num) { console.log(num); }).join(',');
     * // => logs each number and returns '1,2,3'
     *
     * _.forEach({ 'one': 1, 'two': 2, 'three': 3 }, function(num) { console.log(num); });
     * // => logs each number and returns the object (property order is not guaranteed across environments)
     */
    function forEach(collection, callback, thisArg) {
      if (callback && typeof thisArg == 'undefined' && isArray(collection)) {
        var index = -1,
            length = collection.length;

        while (++index < length) {
          if (callback(collection[index], index, collection) === false) {
            break;
          }
        }
      } else {
        baseEach(collection, callback, thisArg);
      }
      return collection;
    }

    /**
     * This method is like `_.forEach` except that it iterates over elements
     * of a `collection` from right to left.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @alias eachRight
     * @category Collections
     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
     * @param {Function} [callback=identity] The function called per iteration.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {Array|Object|string} Returns `collection`.
     * @example
     *
     * _([1, 2, 3]).forEachRight(function(num) { console.log(num); }).join(',');
     * // => logs each number from right to left and returns '3,2,1'
     */
    function forEachRight(collection, callback, thisArg) {
      var iterable = collection,
          length = collection ? collection.length : 0;

      callback = callback && typeof thisArg == 'undefined' ? callback : baseCreateCallback(callback, thisArg, 3);
      if (isArray(collection)) {
        while (length--) {
          if (callback(collection[length], length, collection) === false) {
            break;
          }
        }
      } else {
        if (typeof length != 'number') {
          var props = keys(collection);
          length = props.length;
        } else if (support.unindexedChars && isString(collection)) {
          iterable = collection.split('');
        }
        baseEach(collection, function(value, key, collection) {
          key = props ? props[--length] : --length;
          return callback(iterable[key], key, collection);
        });
      }
      return collection;
    }

    /**
     * Creates an object composed of keys generated from the results of running
     * each element of a collection through the callback. The corresponding value
     * of each key is an array of the elements responsible for generating the key.
     * The callback is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with three arguments;
     * (value, index|key, collection).
     *
     * If a property name is provided for `callback` the created "_.pluck" style
     * callback will return the property value of the given element.
     *
     * If an object is provided for `callback` the created "_.where" style callback
     * will return `true` for elements that have the properties of the given object,
     * else `false`
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Collections
     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
     * @param {Function|Object|string} [callback=identity] The function called
     *  per iteration. If a property name or object is provided it will be used
     *  to create a "_.pluck" or "_.where" style callback, respectively.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {Object} Returns the composed aggregate object.
     * @example
     *
     * _.groupBy([4.2, 6.1, 6.4], function(num) { return Math.floor(num); });
     * // => { '4': [4.2], '6': [6.1, 6.4] }
     *
     * _.groupBy([4.2, 6.1, 6.4], function(num) { return this.floor(num); }, Math);
     * // => { '4': [4.2], '6': [6.1, 6.4] }
     *
     * // using "_.pluck" callback shorthand
     * _.groupBy(['one', 'two', 'three'], 'length');
     * // => { '3': ['one', 'two'], '5': ['three'] }
     */
    var groupBy = createAggregator(function(result, value, key) {
      (hasOwnProperty.call(result, key) ? result[key] : result[key] = []).push(value);
    });

    /**
     * Creates an object composed of keys generated from the results of running
     * each element of the collection through the given callback. The corresponding
     * value of each key is the last element responsible for generating the key.
     * The callback is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with three arguments;
     * (value, index|key, collection).
     *
     * If a property name is provided for `callback` the created "_.pluck" style
     * callback will return the property value of the given element.
     *
     * If an object is provided for `callback` the created "_.where" style callback
     * will return `true` for elements that have the properties of the given object,
     * else `false`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Collections
     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
     * @param {Function|Object|string} [callback=identity] The function called
     *  per iteration. If a property name or object is provided it will be used
     *  to create a "_.pluck" or "_.where" style callback, respectively.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {Object} Returns the composed aggregate object.
     * @example
     *
     * var keys = [
     *   { 'dir': 'left', 'code': 97 },
     *   { 'dir': 'right', 'code': 100 }
     * ];
     *
     * _.indexBy(keys, 'dir');
     * // => { 'left': { 'dir': 'left', 'code': 97 }, 'right': { 'dir': 'right', 'code': 100 } }
     *
     * _.indexBy(keys, function(key) { return String.fromCharCode(key.code); });
     * // => { 'a': { 'dir': 'left', 'code': 97 }, 'd': { 'dir': 'right', 'code': 100 } }
     *
     * _.indexBy(characters, function(key) { this.fromCharCode(key.code); }, String);
     * // => { 'a': { 'dir': 'left', 'code': 97 }, 'd': { 'dir': 'right', 'code': 100 } }
     */
    var indexBy = createAggregator(function(result, value, key) {
      result[key] = value;
    });

    /**
     * Invokes the method named by `methodName` on each element in the `collection`
     * returning an array of the results of each invoked method. Additional arguments
     * will be provided to each invoked method. If `methodName` is a function it
     * will be invoked for, and `this` bound to, each element in the `collection`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Collections
     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
     * @param {Function|string} methodName The name of the method to invoke or
     *  the function invoked per iteration.
     * @param {...*} [arg] Arguments to invoke the method with.
     * @returns {Array} Returns a new array of the results of each invoked method.
     * @example
     *
     * _.invoke([[5, 1, 7], [3, 2, 1]], 'sort');
     * // => [[1, 5, 7], [1, 2, 3]]
     *
     * _.invoke([123, 456], String.prototype.split, '');
     * // => [['1', '2', '3'], ['4', '5', '6']]
     */
    function invoke(collection, methodName) {
      var args = slice(arguments, 2),
          index = -1,
          isFunc = typeof methodName == 'function',
          length = collection ? collection.length : 0,
          result = Array(typeof length == 'number' ? length : 0);

      forEach(collection, function(value) {
        result[++index] = (isFunc ? methodName : value[methodName]).apply(value, args);
      });
      return result;
    }

    /**
     * Creates an array of values by running each element in the collection
     * through the callback. The callback is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with
     * three arguments; (value, index|key, collection).
     *
     * If a property name is provided for `callback` the created "_.pluck" style
     * callback will return the property value of the given element.
     *
     * If an object is provided for `callback` the created "_.where" style callback
     * will return `true` for elements that have the properties of the given object,
     * else `false`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @alias collect
     * @category Collections
     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
     * @param {Function|Object|string} [callback=identity] The function called
     *  per iteration. If a property name or object is provided it will be used
     *  to create a "_.pluck" or "_.where" style callback, respectively.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {Array} Returns a new array of the results of each `callback` execution.
     * @example
     *
     * _.map([1, 2, 3], function(num) { return num * 3; });
     * // => [3, 6, 9]
     *
     * _.map({ 'one': 1, 'two': 2, 'three': 3 }, function(num) { return num * 3; });
     * // => [3, 6, 9] (property order is not guaranteed across environments)
     *
     * var characters = [
     *   { 'name': 'barney', 'age': 36 },
     *   { 'name': 'fred',   'age': 40 }
     * ];
     *
     * // using "_.pluck" callback shorthand
     * _.map(characters, 'name');
     * // => ['barney', 'fred']
     */
    function map(collection, callback, thisArg) {
      var index = -1,
          length = collection ? collection.length : 0,
          result = Array(typeof length == 'number' ? length : 0);

      callback = lodash.createCallback(callback, thisArg, 3);
      if (isArray(collection)) {
        while (++index < length) {
          result[index] = callback(collection[index], index, collection);
        }
      } else {
        baseEach(collection, function(value, key, collection) {
          result[++index] = callback(value, key, collection);
        });
      }
      return result;
    }

    /**
     * Retrieves the maximum value of a collection. If the collection is empty or
     * falsey `-Infinity` is returned. If a callback is provided it will be executed
     * for each value in the collection to generate the criterion by which the value
     * is ranked. The callback is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with three
     * arguments; (value, index, collection).
     *
     * If a property name is provided for `callback` the created "_.pluck" style
     * callback will return the property value of the given element.
     *
     * If an object is provided for `callback` the created "_.where" style callback
     * will return `true` for elements that have the properties of the given object,
     * else `false`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Collections
     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
     * @param {Function|Object|string} [callback=identity] The function called
     *  per iteration. If a property name or object is provided it will be used
     *  to create a "_.pluck" or "_.where" style callback, respectively.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {*} Returns the maximum value.
     * @example
     *
     * _.max([4, 2, 8, 6]);
     * // => 8
     *
     * var characters = [
     *   { 'name': 'barney', 'age': 36 },
     *   { 'name': 'fred',   'age': 40 }
     * ];
     *
     * _.max(characters, function(chr) { return chr.age; });
     * // => { 'name': 'fred', 'age': 40 };
     *
     * // using "_.pluck" callback shorthand
     * _.max(characters, 'age');
     * // => { 'name': 'fred', 'age': 40 };
     */
    function max(collection, callback, thisArg) {
      var computed = -Infinity,
          result = computed;

      // allows working with functions like `_.map` without using
      // their `index` argument as a callback
      if (typeof callback != 'function' && thisArg && thisArg[callback] === collection) {
        callback = null;
      }
      if (callback == null && isArray(collection)) {
        var index = -1,
            length = collection.length;

        while (++index < length) {
          var value = collection[index];
          if (value > result) {
            result = value;
          }
        }
      } else {
        callback = (callback == null && isString(collection))
          ? charAtCallback
          : lodash.createCallback(callback, thisArg, 3);

        baseEach(collection, function(value, index, collection) {
          var current = callback(value, index, collection);
          if (current > computed) {
            computed = current;
            result = value;
          }
        });
      }
      return result;
    }

    /**
     * Retrieves the minimum value of a collection. If the collection is empty or
     * falsey `Infinity` is returned. If a callback is provided it will be executed
     * for each value in the collection to generate the criterion by which the value
     * is ranked. The callback is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with three
     * arguments; (value, index, collection).
     *
     * If a property name is provided for `callback` the created "_.pluck" style
     * callback will return the property value of the given element.
     *
     * If an object is provided for `callback` the created "_.where" style callback
     * will return `true` for elements that have the properties of the given object,
     * else `false`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Collections
     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
     * @param {Function|Object|string} [callback=identity] The function called
     *  per iteration. If a property name or object is provided it will be used
     *  to create a "_.pluck" or "_.where" style callback, respectively.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {*} Returns the minimum value.
     * @example
     *
     * _.min([4, 2, 8, 6]);
     * // => 2
     *
     * var characters = [
     *   { 'name': 'barney', 'age': 36 },
     *   { 'name': 'fred',   'age': 40 }
     * ];
     *
     * _.min(characters, function(chr) { return chr.age; });
     * // => { 'name': 'barney', 'age': 36 };
     *
     * // using "_.pluck" callback shorthand
     * _.min(characters, 'age');
     * // => { 'name': 'barney', 'age': 36 };
     */
    function min(collection, callback, thisArg) {
      var computed = Infinity,
          result = computed;

      // allows working with functions like `_.map` without using
      // their `index` argument as a callback
      if (typeof callback != 'function' && thisArg && thisArg[callback] === collection) {
        callback = null;
      }
      if (callback == null && isArray(collection)) {
        var index = -1,
            length = collection.length;

        while (++index < length) {
          var value = collection[index];
          if (value < result) {
            result = value;
          }
        }
      } else {
        callback = (callback == null && isString(collection))
          ? charAtCallback
          : lodash.createCallback(callback, thisArg, 3);

        baseEach(collection, function(value, index, collection) {
          var current = callback(value, index, collection);
          if (current < computed) {
            computed = current;
            result = value;
          }
        });
      }
      return result;
    }

    /**
     * Retrieves the value of a specified property from all elements in the collection.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @type Function
     * @category Collections
     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
     * @param {string} property The name of the property to pluck.
     * @returns {Array} Returns a new array of property values.
     * @example
     *
     * var characters = [
     *   { 'name': 'barney', 'age': 36 },
     *   { 'name': 'fred',   'age': 40 }
     * ];
     *
     * _.pluck(characters, 'name');
     * // => ['barney', 'fred']
     */
    var pluck = map;

    /**
     * Reduces a collection to a value which is the accumulated result of running
     * each element in the collection through the callback, where each successive
     * callback execution consumes the return value of the previous execution. If
     * `accumulator` is not provided the first element of the collection will be
     * used as the initial `accumulator` value. The callback is bound to `thisArg`
     * and invoked with four arguments; (accumulator, value, index|key, collection).
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @alias foldl, inject
     * @category Collections
     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
     * @param {Function} [callback=identity] The function called per iteration.
     * @param {*} [accumulator] Initial value of the accumulator.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {*} Returns the accumulated value.
     * @example
     *
     * var sum = _.reduce([1, 2, 3], function(sum, num) {
     *   return sum + num;
     * });
     * // => 6
     *
     * var mapped = _.reduce({ 'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3 }, function(result, num, key) {
     *   result[key] = num * 3;
     *   return result;
     * }, {});
     * // => { 'a': 3, 'b': 6, 'c': 9 }
     */
    function reduce(collection, callback, accumulator, thisArg) {
      var noaccum = arguments.length < 3;
      callback = lodash.createCallback(callback, thisArg, 4);

      if (isArray(collection)) {
        var index = -1,
            length = collection.length;

        if (noaccum) {
          accumulator = collection[++index];
        }
        while (++index < length) {
          accumulator = callback(accumulator, collection[index], index, collection);
        }
      } else {
        baseEach(collection, function(value, index, collection) {
          accumulator = noaccum
            ? (noaccum = false, value)
            : callback(accumulator, value, index, collection)
        });
      }
      return accumulator;
    }

    /**
     * This method is like `_.reduce` except that it iterates over elements
     * of a `collection` from right to left.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @alias foldr
     * @category Collections
     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
     * @param {Function} [callback=identity] The function called per iteration.
     * @param {*} [accumulator] Initial value of the accumulator.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {*} Returns the accumulated value.
     * @example
     *
     * var list = [[0, 1], [2, 3], [4, 5]];
     * var flat = _.reduceRight(list, function(a, b) { return a.concat(b); }, []);
     * // => [4, 5, 2, 3, 0, 1]
     */
    function reduceRight(collection, callback, accumulator, thisArg) {
      var noaccum = arguments.length < 3;
      callback = lodash.createCallback(callback, thisArg, 4);
      forEachRight(collection, function(value, index, collection) {
        accumulator = noaccum
          ? (noaccum = false, value)
          : callback(accumulator, value, index, collection);
      });
      return accumulator;
    }

    /**
     * The opposite of `_.filter` this method returns the elements of a
     * collection that the callback does **not** return truey for.
     *
     * If a property name is provided for `callback` the created "_.pluck" style
     * callback will return the property value of the given element.
     *
     * If an object is provided for `callback` the created "_.where" style callback
     * will return `true` for elements that have the properties of the given object,
     * else `false`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Collections
     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
     * @param {Function|Object|string} [callback=identity] The function called
     *  per iteration. If a property name or object is provided it will be used
     *  to create a "_.pluck" or "_.where" style callback, respectively.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {Array} Returns a new array of elements that failed the callback check.
     * @example
     *
     * var odds = _.reject([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], function(num) { return num % 2 == 0; });
     * // => [1, 3, 5]
     *
     * var characters = [
     *   { 'name': 'barney', 'age': 36, 'blocked': false },
     *   { 'name': 'fred',   'age': 40, 'blocked': true }
     * ];
     *
     * // using "_.pluck" callback shorthand
     * _.reject(characters, 'blocked');
     * // => [{ 'name': 'barney', 'age': 36, 'blocked': false }]
     *
     * // using "_.where" callback shorthand
     * _.reject(characters, { 'age': 36 });
     * // => [{ 'name': 'fred', 'age': 40, 'blocked': true }]
     */
    function reject(collection, callback, thisArg) {
      callback = lodash.createCallback(callback, thisArg, 3);
      return filter(collection, function(value, index, collection) {
        return !callback(value, index, collection);
      });
    }

    /**
     * Retrieves a random element or `n` random elements from a collection.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Collections
     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to sample.
     * @param {number} [n] The number of elements to sample.
     * @param- {Object} [guard] Allows working with functions like `_.map`
     *  without using their `index` arguments as `n`.
     * @returns {Array} Returns the random sample(s) of `collection`.
     * @example
     *
     * _.sample([1, 2, 3, 4]);
     * // => 2
     *
     * _.sample([1, 2, 3, 4], 2);
     * // => [3, 1]
     */
    function sample(collection, n, guard) {
      if (collection && typeof collection.length != 'number') {
        collection = values(collection);
      } else if (support.unindexedChars && isString(collection)) {
        collection = collection.split('');
      }
      if (n == null || guard) {
        return collection ? collection[baseRandom(0, collection.length - 1)] : undefined;
      }
      var result = shuffle(collection);
      result.length = nativeMin(nativeMax(0, n), result.length);
      return result;
    }

    /**
     * Creates an array of shuffled values, using a version of the Fisher-Yates
     * shuffle. See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisher-Yates_shuffle.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Collections
     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to shuffle.
     * @returns {Array} Returns a new shuffled collection.
     * @example
     *
     * _.shuffle([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]);
     * // => [4, 1, 6, 3, 5, 2]
     */
    function shuffle(collection) {
      var index = -1,
          length = collection ? collection.length : 0,
          result = Array(typeof length == 'number' ? length : 0);

      forEach(collection, function(value) {
        var rand = baseRandom(0, ++index);
        result[index] = result[rand];
        result[rand] = value;
      });
      return result;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the size of the `collection` by returning `collection.length` for arrays
     * and array-like objects or the number of own enumerable properties for objects.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Collections
     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to inspect.
     * @returns {number} Returns `collection.length` or number of own enumerable properties.
     * @example
     *
     * _.size([1, 2]);
     * // => 2
     *
     * _.size({ 'one': 1, 'two': 2, 'three': 3 });
     * // => 3
     *
     * _.size('pebbles');
     * // => 7
     */
    function size(collection) {
      var length = collection ? collection.length : 0;
      return typeof length == 'number' ? length : keys(collection).length;
    }

    /**
     * Checks if the callback returns a truey value for **any** element of a
     * collection. The function returns as soon as it finds a passing value and
     * does not iterate over the entire collection. The callback is bound to
     * `thisArg` and invoked with three arguments; (value, index|key, collection).
     *
     * If a property name is provided for `callback` the created "_.pluck" style
     * callback will return the property value of the given element.
     *
     * If an object is provided for `callback` the created "_.where" style callback
     * will return `true` for elements that have the properties of the given object,
     * else `false`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @alias any
     * @category Collections
     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
     * @param {Function|Object|string} [callback=identity] The function called
     *  per iteration. If a property name or object is provided it will be used
     *  to create a "_.pluck" or "_.where" style callback, respectively.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if any element passed the callback check,
     *  else `false`.
     * @example
     *
     * _.some([null, 0, 'yes', false], Boolean);
     * // => true
     *
     * var characters = [
     *   { 'name': 'barney', 'age': 36, 'blocked': false },
     *   { 'name': 'fred',   'age': 40, 'blocked': true }
     * ];
     *
     * // using "_.pluck" callback shorthand
     * _.some(characters, 'blocked');
     * // => true
     *
     * // using "_.where" callback shorthand
     * _.some(characters, { 'age': 1 });
     * // => false
     */
    function some(collection, callback, thisArg) {
      var result;
      callback = lodash.createCallback(callback, thisArg, 3);

      if (isArray(collection)) {
        var index = -1,
            length = collection.length;

        while (++index < length) {
          if ((result = callback(collection[index], index, collection))) {
            break;
          }
        }
      } else {
        baseEach(collection, function(value, index, collection) {
          return !(result = callback(value, index, collection));
        });
      }
      return !!result;
    }

    /**
     * Creates an array of elements, sorted in ascending order by the results of
     * running each element in a collection through the callback. This method
     * performs a stable sort, that is, it will preserve the original sort order
     * of equal elements. The callback is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with
     * three arguments; (value, index|key, collection).
     *
     * If a property name is provided for `callback` the created "_.pluck" style
     * callback will return the property value of the given element.
     *
     * If an array of property names is provided for `callback` the collection
     * will be sorted by each property value.
     *
     * If an object is provided for `callback` the created "_.where" style callback
     * will return `true` for elements that have the properties of the given object,
     * else `false`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Collections
     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
     * @param {Array|Function|Object|string} [callback=identity] The function called
     *  per iteration. If a property name or object is provided it will be used
     *  to create a "_.pluck" or "_.where" style callback, respectively.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {Array} Returns a new array of sorted elements.
     * @example
     *
     * _.sortBy([1, 2, 3], function(num) { return Math.sin(num); });
     * // => [3, 1, 2]
     *
     * _.sortBy([1, 2, 3], function(num) { return this.sin(num); }, Math);
     * // => [3, 1, 2]
     *
     * var characters = [
     *   { 'name': 'barney',  'age': 36 },
     *   { 'name': 'fred',    'age': 40 },
     *   { 'name': 'barney',  'age': 26 },
     *   { 'name': 'fred',    'age': 30 }
     * ];
     *
     * // using "_.pluck" callback shorthand
     * _.map(_.sortBy(characters, 'age'), _.values);
     * // => [['barney', 26], ['fred', 30], ['barney', 36], ['fred', 40]]
     *
     * // sorting by multiple properties
     * _.map(_.sortBy(characters, ['name', 'age']), _.values);
     * // = > [['barney', 26], ['barney', 36], ['fred', 30], ['fred', 40]]
     */
    function sortBy(collection, callback, thisArg) {
      var index = -1,
          isArr = isArray(callback),
          length = collection ? collection.length : 0,
          result = Array(typeof length == 'number' ? length : 0);

      if (!isArr) {
        callback = lodash.createCallback(callback, thisArg, 3);
      }
      forEach(collection, function(value, key, collection) {
        var object = result[++index] = getObject();
        if (isArr) {
          object.criteria = map(callback, function(key) { return value[key]; });
        } else {
          (object.criteria = getArray())[0] = callback(value, key, collection);
        }
        object.index = index;
        object.value = value;
      });

      length = result.length;
      result.sort(compareAscending);
      while (length--) {
        var object = result[length];
        result[length] = object.value;
        if (!isArr) {
          releaseArray(object.criteria);
        }
        releaseObject(object);
      }
      return result;
    }

    /**
     * Converts the `collection` to an array.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Collections
     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to convert.
     * @returns {Array} Returns the new converted array.
     * @example
     *
     * (function() { return _.toArray(arguments).slice(1); })(1, 2, 3, 4);
     * // => [2, 3, 4]
     */
    function toArray(collection) {
      if (collection && typeof collection.length == 'number') {
        return (support.unindexedChars && isString(collection))
          ? collection.split('')
          : slice(collection);
      }
      return values(collection);
    }

    /**
     * Performs a deep comparison of each element in a `collection` to the given
     * `properties` object, returning an array of all elements that have equivalent
     * property values.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @type Function
     * @category Collections
     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
     * @param {Object} props The object of property values to filter by.
     * @returns {Array} Returns a new array of elements that have the given properties.
     * @example
     *
     * var characters = [
     *   { 'name': 'barney', 'age': 36, 'pets': ['hoppy'] },
     *   { 'name': 'fred',   'age': 40, 'pets': ['baby puss', 'dino'] }
     * ];
     *
     * _.where(characters, { 'age': 36 });
     * // => [{ 'name': 'barney', 'age': 36, 'pets': ['hoppy'] }]
     *
     * _.where(characters, { 'pets': ['dino'] });
     * // => [{ 'name': 'fred', 'age': 40, 'pets': ['baby puss', 'dino'] }]
     */
    var where = filter;

    /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

    /**
     * Creates an array with all falsey values removed. The values `false`, `null`,
     * `0`, `""`, `undefined`, and `NaN` are all falsey.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Arrays
     * @param {Array} array The array to compact.
     * @returns {Array} Returns a new array of filtered values.
     * @example
     *
     * _.compact([0, 1, false, 2, '', 3]);
     * // => [1, 2, 3]
     */
    function compact(array) {
      var index = -1,
          length = array ? array.length : 0,
          result = [];

      while (++index < length) {
        var value = array[index];
        if (value) {
          result.push(value);
        }
      }
      return result;
    }

    /**
     * Creates an array excluding all values of the provided arrays using strict
     * equality for comparisons, i.e. `===`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Arrays
     * @param {Array} array The array to process.
     * @param {...Array} [values] The arrays of values to exclude.
     * @returns {Array} Returns a new array of filtered values.
     * @example
     *
     * _.difference([1, 2, 3, 4, 5], [5, 2, 10]);
     * // => [1, 3, 4]
     */
    function difference(array) {
      return baseDifference(array, baseFlatten(arguments, true, true, 1));
    }

    /**
     * This method is like `_.find` except that it returns the index of the first
     * element that passes the callback check, instead of the element itself.
     *
     * If a property name is provided for `callback` the created "_.pluck" style
     * callback will return the property value of the given element.
     *
     * If an object is provided for `callback` the created "_.where" style callback
     * will return `true` for elements that have the properties of the given object,
     * else `false`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Arrays
     * @param {Array} array The array to search.
     * @param {Function|Object|string} [callback=identity] The function called
     *  per iteration. If a property name or object is provided it will be used
     *  to create a "_.pluck" or "_.where" style callback, respectively.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {number} Returns the index of the found element, else `-1`.
     * @example
     *
     * var characters = [
     *   { 'name': 'barney',  'age': 36, 'blocked': false },
     *   { 'name': 'fred',    'age': 40, 'blocked': true },
     *   { 'name': 'pebbles', 'age': 1,  'blocked': false }
     * ];
     *
     * _.findIndex(characters, function(chr) {
     *   return chr.age < 20;
     * });
     * // => 2
     *
     * // using "_.where" callback shorthand
     * _.findIndex(characters, { 'age': 36 });
     * // => 0
     *
     * // using "_.pluck" callback shorthand
     * _.findIndex(characters, 'blocked');
     * // => 1
     */
    function findIndex(array, callback, thisArg) {
      var index = -1,
          length = array ? array.length : 0;

      callback = lodash.createCallback(callback, thisArg, 3);
      while (++index < length) {
        if (callback(array[index], index, array)) {
          return index;
        }
      }
      return -1;
    }

    /**
     * This method is like `_.findIndex` except that it iterates over elements
     * of a `collection` from right to left.
     *
     * If a property name is provided for `callback` the created "_.pluck" style
     * callback will return the property value of the given element.
     *
     * If an object is provided for `callback` the created "_.where" style callback
     * will return `true` for elements that have the properties of the given object,
     * else `false`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Arrays
     * @param {Array} array The array to search.
     * @param {Function|Object|string} [callback=identity] The function called
     *  per iteration. If a property name or object is provided it will be used
     *  to create a "_.pluck" or "_.where" style callback, respectively.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {number} Returns the index of the found element, else `-1`.
     * @example
     *
     * var characters = [
     *   { 'name': 'barney',  'age': 36, 'blocked': true },
     *   { 'name': 'fred',    'age': 40, 'blocked': false },
     *   { 'name': 'pebbles', 'age': 1,  'blocked': true }
     * ];
     *
     * _.findLastIndex(characters, function(chr) {
     *   return chr.age > 30;
     * });
     * // => 1
     *
     * // using "_.where" callback shorthand
     * _.findLastIndex(characters, { 'age': 36 });
     * // => 0
     *
     * // using "_.pluck" callback shorthand
     * _.findLastIndex(characters, 'blocked');
     * // => 2
     */
    function findLastIndex(array, callback, thisArg) {
      var length = array ? array.length : 0;
      callback = lodash.createCallback(callback, thisArg, 3);
      while (length--) {
        if (callback(array[length], length, array)) {
          return length;
        }
      }
      return -1;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the first element or first `n` elements of an array. If a callback
     * is provided elements at the beginning of the array are returned as long
     * as the callback returns truey. The callback is bound to `thisArg` and
     * invoked with three arguments; (value, index, array).
     *
     * If a property name is provided for `callback` the created "_.pluck" style
     * callback will return the property value of the given element.
     *
     * If an object is provided for `callback` the created "_.where" style callback
     * will return `true` for elements that have the properties of the given object,
     * else `false`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @alias head, take
     * @category Arrays
     * @param {Array} array The array to query.
     * @param {Function|Object|number|string} [callback] The function called
     *  per element or the number of elements to return. If a property name or
     *  object is provided it will be used to create a "_.pluck" or "_.where"
     *  style callback, respectively.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {*} Returns the first element(s) of `array`.
     * @example
     *
     * _.first([1, 2, 3]);
     * // => 1
     *
     * _.first([1, 2, 3], 2);
     * // => [1, 2]
     *
     * _.first([1, 2, 3], function(num) {
     *   return num < 3;
     * });
     * // => [1, 2]
     *
     * var characters = [
     *   { 'name': 'barney',  'blocked': true,  'employer': 'slate' },
     *   { 'name': 'fred',    'blocked': false, 'employer': 'slate' },
     *   { 'name': 'pebbles', 'blocked': true,  'employer': 'na' }
     * ];
     *
     * // using "_.pluck" callback shorthand
     * _.first(characters, 'blocked');
     * // => [{ 'name': 'barney', 'blocked': true, 'employer': 'slate' }]
     *
     * // using "_.where" callback shorthand
     * _.pluck(_.first(characters, { 'employer': 'slate' }), 'name');
     * // => ['barney', 'fred']
     */
    function first(array, callback, thisArg) {
      var n = 0,
          length = array ? array.length : 0;

      if (typeof callback != 'number' && callback != null) {
        var index = -1;
        callback = lodash.createCallback(callback, thisArg, 3);
        while (++index < length && callback(array[index], index, array)) {
          n++;
        }
      } else {
        n = callback;
        if (n == null || thisArg) {
          return array ? array[0] : undefined;
        }
      }
      return slice(array, 0, nativeMin(nativeMax(0, n), length));
    }

    /**
     * Flattens a nested array (the nesting can be to any depth). If `isShallow`
     * is truey, the array will only be flattened a single level. If a callback
     * is provided each element of the array is passed through the callback before
     * flattening. The callback is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with three
     * arguments; (value, index, array).
     *
     * If a property name is provided for `callback` the created "_.pluck" style
     * callback will return the property value of the given element.
     *
     * If an object is provided for `callback` the created "_.where" style callback
     * will return `true` for elements that have the properties of the given object,
     * else `false`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Arrays
     * @param {Array} array The array to flatten.
     * @param {boolean} [isShallow=false] A flag to restrict flattening to a single level.
     * @param {Function|Object|string} [callback=identity] The function called
     *  per iteration. If a property name or object is provided it will be used
     *  to create a "_.pluck" or "_.where" style callback, respectively.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {Array} Returns a new flattened array.
     * @example
     *
     * _.flatten([1, [2], [3, [[4]]]]);
     * // => [1, 2, 3, 4];
     *
     * _.flatten([1, [2], [3, [[4]]]], true);
     * // => [1, 2, 3, [[4]]];
     *
     * var characters = [
     *   { 'name': 'barney', 'age': 30, 'pets': ['hoppy'] },
     *   { 'name': 'fred',   'age': 40, 'pets': ['baby puss', 'dino'] }
     * ];
     *
     * // using "_.pluck" callback shorthand
     * _.flatten(characters, 'pets');
     * // => ['hoppy', 'baby puss', 'dino']
     */
    function flatten(array, isShallow, callback, thisArg) {
      // juggle arguments
      if (typeof isShallow != 'boolean' && isShallow != null) {
        thisArg = callback;
        callback = (typeof isShallow != 'function' && thisArg && thisArg[isShallow] === array) ? null : isShallow;
        isShallow = false;
      }
      if (callback != null) {
        array = map(array, callback, thisArg);
      }
      return baseFlatten(array, isShallow);
    }

    /**
     * Gets the index at which the first occurrence of `value` is found using
     * strict equality for comparisons, i.e. `===`. If the array is already sorted
     * providing `true` for `fromIndex` will run a faster binary search.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Arrays
     * @param {Array} array The array to search.
     * @param {*} value The value to search for.
     * @param {boolean|number} [fromIndex=0] The index to search from or `true`
     *  to perform a binary search on a sorted array.
     * @returns {number} Returns the index of the matched value or `-1`.
     * @example
     *
     * _.indexOf([1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3], 2);
     * // => 1
     *
     * _.indexOf([1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3], 2, 3);
     * // => 4
     *
     * _.indexOf([1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3], 2, true);
     * // => 2
     */
    function indexOf(array, value, fromIndex) {
      if (typeof fromIndex == 'number') {
        var length = array ? array.length : 0;
        fromIndex = (fromIndex < 0 ? nativeMax(0, length + fromIndex) : fromIndex || 0);
      } else if (fromIndex) {
        var index = sortedIndex(array, value);
        return array[index] === value ? index : -1;
      }
      return baseIndexOf(array, value, fromIndex);
    }

    /**
     * Gets all but the last element or last `n` elements of an array. If a
     * callback is provided elements at the end of the array are excluded from
     * the result as long as the callback returns truey. The callback is bound
     * to `thisArg` and invoked with three arguments; (value, index, array).
     *
     * If a property name is provided for `callback` the created "_.pluck" style
     * callback will return the property value of the given element.
     *
     * If an object is provided for `callback` the created "_.where" style callback
     * will return `true` for elements that have the properties of the given object,
     * else `false`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Arrays
     * @param {Array} array The array to query.
     * @param {Function|Object|number|string} [callback=1] The function called
     *  per element or the number of elements to exclude. If a property name or
     *  object is provided it will be used to create a "_.pluck" or "_.where"
     *  style callback, respectively.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {Array} Returns a slice of `array`.
     * @example
     *
     * _.initial([1, 2, 3]);
     * // => [1, 2]
     *
     * _.initial([1, 2, 3], 2);
     * // => [1]
     *
     * _.initial([1, 2, 3], function(num) {
     *   return num > 1;
     * });
     * // => [1]
     *
     * var characters = [
     *   { 'name': 'barney',  'blocked': false, 'employer': 'slate' },
     *   { 'name': 'fred',    'blocked': true,  'employer': 'slate' },
     *   { 'name': 'pebbles', 'blocked': true,  'employer': 'na' }
     * ];
     *
     * // using "_.pluck" callback shorthand
     * _.initial(characters, 'blocked');
     * // => [{ 'name': 'barney',  'blocked': false, 'employer': 'slate' }]
     *
     * // using "_.where" callback shorthand
     * _.pluck(_.initial(characters, { 'employer': 'na' }), 'name');
     * // => ['barney', 'fred']
     */
    function initial(array, callback, thisArg) {
      var n = 0,
          length = array ? array.length : 0;

      if (typeof callback != 'number' && callback != null) {
        var index = length;
        callback = lodash.createCallback(callback, thisArg, 3);
        while (index-- && callback(array[index], index, array)) {
          n++;
        }
      } else {
        n = (callback == null || thisArg) ? 1 : callback || n;
      }
      return slice(array, 0, nativeMin(nativeMax(0, length - n), length));
    }

    /**
     * Creates an array of unique values present in all provided arrays using
     * strict equality for comparisons, i.e. `===`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Arrays
     * @param {...Array} [array] The arrays to inspect.
     * @returns {Array} Returns an array of shared values.
     * @example
     *
     * _.intersection([1, 2, 3], [5, 2, 1, 4], [2, 1]);
     * // => [1, 2]
     */
    function intersection() {
      var args = [],
          argsIndex = -1,
          argsLength = arguments.length,
          caches = getArray(),
          indexOf = getIndexOf(),
          trustIndexOf = indexOf === baseIndexOf,
          seen = getArray();

      while (++argsIndex < argsLength) {
        var value = arguments[argsIndex];
        if (isArray(value) || isArguments(value)) {
          args.push(value);
          caches.push(trustIndexOf && value.length >= largeArraySize &&
            createCache(argsIndex ? args[argsIndex] : seen));
        }
      }
      var array = args[0],
          index = -1,
          length = array ? array.length : 0,
          result = [];

      outer:
      while (++index < length) {
        var cache = caches[0];
        value = array[index];

        if ((cache ? cacheIndexOf(cache, value) : indexOf(seen, value)) < 0) {
          argsIndex = argsLength;
          (cache || seen).push(value);
          while (--argsIndex) {
            cache = caches[argsIndex];
            if ((cache ? cacheIndexOf(cache, value) : indexOf(args[argsIndex], value)) < 0) {
              continue outer;
            }
          }
          result.push(value);
        }
      }
      while (argsLength--) {
        cache = caches[argsLength];
        if (cache) {
          releaseObject(cache);
        }
      }
      releaseArray(caches);
      releaseArray(seen);
      return result;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the last element or last `n` elements of an array. If a callback is
     * provided elements at the end of the array are returned as long as the
     * callback returns truey. The callback is bound to `thisArg` and invoked
     * with three arguments; (value, index, array).
     *
     * If a property name is provided for `callback` the created "_.pluck" style
     * callback will return the property value of the given element.
     *
     * If an object is provided for `callback` the created "_.where" style callback
     * will return `true` for elements that have the properties of the given object,
     * else `false`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Arrays
     * @param {Array} array The array to query.
     * @param {Function|Object|number|string} [callback] The function called
     *  per element or the number of elements to return. If a property name or
     *  object is provided it will be used to create a "_.pluck" or "_.where"
     *  style callback, respectively.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {*} Returns the last element(s) of `array`.
     * @example
     *
     * _.last([1, 2, 3]);
     * // => 3
     *
     * _.last([1, 2, 3], 2);
     * // => [2, 3]
     *
     * _.last([1, 2, 3], function(num) {
     *   return num > 1;
     * });
     * // => [2, 3]
     *
     * var characters = [
     *   { 'name': 'barney',  'blocked': false, 'employer': 'slate' },
     *   { 'name': 'fred',    'blocked': true,  'employer': 'slate' },
     *   { 'name': 'pebbles', 'blocked': true,  'employer': 'na' }
     * ];
     *
     * // using "_.pluck" callback shorthand
     * _.pluck(_.last(characters, 'blocked'), 'name');
     * // => ['fred', 'pebbles']
     *
     * // using "_.where" callback shorthand
     * _.last(characters, { 'employer': 'na' });
     * // => [{ 'name': 'pebbles', 'blocked': true, 'employer': 'na' }]
     */
    function last(array, callback, thisArg) {
      var n = 0,
          length = array ? array.length : 0;

      if (typeof callback != 'number' && callback != null) {
        var index = length;
        callback = lodash.createCallback(callback, thisArg, 3);
        while (index-- && callback(array[index], index, array)) {
          n++;
        }
      } else {
        n = callback;
        if (n == null || thisArg) {
          return array ? array[length - 1] : undefined;
        }
      }
      return slice(array, nativeMax(0, length - n));
    }

    /**
     * Gets the index at which the last occurrence of `value` is found using strict
     * equality for comparisons, i.e. `===`. If `fromIndex` is negative, it is used
     * as the offset from the end of the collection.
     *
     * If a property name is provided for `callback` the created "_.pluck" style
     * callback will return the property value of the given element.
     *
     * If an object is provided for `callback` the created "_.where" style callback
     * will return `true` for elements that have the properties of the given object,
     * else `false`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Arrays
     * @param {Array} array The array to search.
     * @param {*} value The value to search for.
     * @param {number} [fromIndex=array.length-1] The index to search from.
     * @returns {number} Returns the index of the matched value or `-1`.
     * @example
     *
     * _.lastIndexOf([1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3], 2);
     * // => 4
     *
     * _.lastIndexOf([1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3], 2, 3);
     * // => 1
     */
    function lastIndexOf(array, value, fromIndex) {
      var index = array ? array.length : 0;
      if (typeof fromIndex == 'number') {
        index = (fromIndex < 0 ? nativeMax(0, index + fromIndex) : nativeMin(fromIndex, index - 1)) + 1;
      }
      while (index--) {
        if (array[index] === value) {
          return index;
        }
      }
      return -1;
    }

    /**
     * Removes all provided values from the given array using strict equality for
     * comparisons, i.e. `===`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Arrays
     * @param {Array} array The array to modify.
     * @param {...*} [value] The values to remove.
     * @returns {Array} Returns `array`.
     * @example
     *
     * var array = [1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3];
     * _.pull(array, 2, 3);
     * console.log(array);
     * // => [1, 1]
     */
    function pull(array) {
      var args = arguments,
          argsIndex = 0,
          argsLength = args.length,
          length = array ? array.length : 0;

      while (++argsIndex < argsLength) {
        var index = -1,
            value = args[argsIndex];
        while (++index < length) {
          if (array[index] === value) {
            splice.call(array, index--, 1);
            length--;
          }
        }
      }
      return array;
    }

    /**
     * Creates an array of numbers (positive and/or negative) progressing from
     * `start` up to but not including `end`. If `start` is less than `stop` a
     * zero-length range is created unless a negative `step` is specified.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Arrays
     * @param {number} [start=0] The start of the range.
     * @param {number} end The end of the range.
     * @param {number} [step=1] The value to increment or decrement by.
     * @returns {Array} Returns a new range array.
     * @example
     *
     * _.range(4);
     * // => [0, 1, 2, 3]
     *
     * _.range(1, 5);
     * // => [1, 2, 3, 4]
     *
     * _.range(0, 20, 5);
     * // => [0, 5, 10, 15]
     *
     * _.range(0, -4, -1);
     * // => [0, -1, -2, -3]
     *
     * _.range(1, 4, 0);
     * // => [1, 1, 1]
     *
     * _.range(0);
     * // => []
     */
    function range(start, end, step) {
      start = +start || 0;
      step = typeof step == 'number' ? step : (+step || 1);

      if (end == null) {
        end = start;
        start = 0;
      }
      // use `Array(length)` so engines like Chakra and V8 avoid slower modes
      // http://youtu.be/XAqIpGU8ZZk#t=17m25s
      var index = -1,
          length = nativeMax(0, ceil((end - start) / (step || 1))),
          result = Array(length);

      while (++index < length) {
        result[index] = start;
        start += step;
      }
      return result;
    }

    /**
     * Removes all elements from an array that the callback returns truey for
     * and returns an array of removed elements. The callback is bound to `thisArg`
     * and invoked with three arguments; (value, index, array).
     *
     * If a property name is provided for `callback` the created "_.pluck" style
     * callback will return the property value of the given element.
     *
     * If an object is provided for `callback` the created "_.where" style callback
     * will return `true` for elements that have the properties of the given object,
     * else `false`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Arrays
     * @param {Array} array The array to modify.
     * @param {Function|Object|string} [callback=identity] The function called
     *  per iteration. If a property name or object is provided it will be used
     *  to create a "_.pluck" or "_.where" style callback, respectively.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {Array} Returns a new array of removed elements.
     * @example
     *
     * var array = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6];
     * var evens = _.remove(array, function(num) { return num % 2 == 0; });
     *
     * console.log(array);
     * // => [1, 3, 5]
     *
     * console.log(evens);
     * // => [2, 4, 6]
     */
    function remove(array, callback, thisArg) {
      var index = -1,
          length = array ? array.length : 0,
          result = [];

      callback = lodash.createCallback(callback, thisArg, 3);
      while (++index < length) {
        var value = array[index];
        if (callback(value, index, array)) {
          result.push(value);
          splice.call(array, index--, 1);
          length--;
        }
      }
      return result;
    }

    /**
     * The opposite of `_.initial` this method gets all but the first element or
     * first `n` elements of an array. If a callback function is provided elements
     * at the beginning of the array are excluded from the result as long as the
     * callback returns truey. The callback is bound to `thisArg` and invoked
     * with three arguments; (value, index, array).
     *
     * If a property name is provided for `callback` the created "_.pluck" style
     * callback will return the property value of the given element.
     *
     * If an object is provided for `callback` the created "_.where" style callback
     * will return `true` for elements that have the properties of the given object,
     * else `false`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @alias drop, tail
     * @category Arrays
     * @param {Array} array The array to query.
     * @param {Function|Object|number|string} [callback=1] The function called
     *  per element or the number of elements to exclude. If a property name or
     *  object is provided it will be used to create a "_.pluck" or "_.where"
     *  style callback, respectively.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {Array} Returns a slice of `array`.
     * @example
     *
     * _.rest([1, 2, 3]);
     * // => [2, 3]
     *
     * _.rest([1, 2, 3], 2);
     * // => [3]
     *
     * _.rest([1, 2, 3], function(num) {
     *   return num < 3;
     * });
     * // => [3]
     *
     * var characters = [
     *   { 'name': 'barney',  'blocked': true,  'employer': 'slate' },
     *   { 'name': 'fred',    'blocked': false,  'employer': 'slate' },
     *   { 'name': 'pebbles', 'blocked': true, 'employer': 'na' }
     * ];
     *
     * // using "_.pluck" callback shorthand
     * _.pluck(_.rest(characters, 'blocked'), 'name');
     * // => ['fred', 'pebbles']
     *
     * // using "_.where" callback shorthand
     * _.rest(characters, { 'employer': 'slate' });
     * // => [{ 'name': 'pebbles', 'blocked': true, 'employer': 'na' }]
     */
    function rest(array, callback, thisArg) {
      if (typeof callback != 'number' && callback != null) {
        var n = 0,
            index = -1,
            length = array ? array.length : 0;

        callback = lodash.createCallback(callback, thisArg, 3);
        while (++index < length && callback(array[index], index, array)) {
          n++;
        }
      } else {
        n = (callback == null || thisArg) ? 1 : nativeMax(0, callback);
      }
      return slice(array, n);
    }

    /**
     * Uses a binary search to determine the smallest index at which a value
     * should be inserted into a given sorted array in order to maintain the sort
     * order of the array. If a callback is provided it will be executed for
     * `value` and each element of `array` to compute their sort ranking. The
     * callback is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with one argument; (value).
     *
     * If a property name is provided for `callback` the created "_.pluck" style
     * callback will return the property value of the given element.
     *
     * If an object is provided for `callback` the created "_.where" style callback
     * will return `true` for elements that have the properties of the given object,
     * else `false`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Arrays
     * @param {Array} array The array to inspect.
     * @param {*} value The value to evaluate.
     * @param {Function|Object|string} [callback=identity] The function called
     *  per iteration. If a property name or object is provided it will be used
     *  to create a "_.pluck" or "_.where" style callback, respectively.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {number} Returns the index at which `value` should be inserted
     *  into `array`.
     * @example
     *
     * _.sortedIndex([20, 30, 50], 40);
     * // => 2
     *
     * // using "_.pluck" callback shorthand
     * _.sortedIndex([{ 'x': 20 }, { 'x': 30 }, { 'x': 50 }], { 'x': 40 }, 'x');
     * // => 2
     *
     * var dict = {
     *   'wordToNumber': { 'twenty': 20, 'thirty': 30, 'fourty': 40, 'fifty': 50 }
     * };
     *
     * _.sortedIndex(['twenty', 'thirty', 'fifty'], 'fourty', function(word) {
     *   return dict.wordToNumber[word];
     * });
     * // => 2
     *
     * _.sortedIndex(['twenty', 'thirty', 'fifty'], 'fourty', function(word) {
     *   return this.wordToNumber[word];
     * }, dict);
     * // => 2
     */
    function sortedIndex(array, value, callback, thisArg) {
      var low = 0,
          high = array ? array.length : low;

      // explicitly reference `identity` for better inlining in Firefox
      callback = callback ? lodash.createCallback(callback, thisArg, 1) : identity;
      value = callback(value);

      while (low < high) {
        var mid = (low + high) >>> 1;
        (callback(array[mid]) < value)
          ? low = mid + 1
          : high = mid;
      }
      return low;
    }

    /**
     * Creates an array of unique values, in order, of the provided arrays using
     * strict equality for comparisons, i.e. `===`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Arrays
     * @param {...Array} [array] The arrays to inspect.
     * @returns {Array} Returns an array of combined values.
     * @example
     *
     * _.union([1, 2, 3], [5, 2, 1, 4], [2, 1]);
     * // => [1, 2, 3, 5, 4]
     */
    function union() {
      return baseUniq(baseFlatten(arguments, true, true));
    }

    /**
     * Creates a duplicate-value-free version of an array using strict equality
     * for comparisons, i.e. `===`. If the array is sorted, providing
     * `true` for `isSorted` will use a faster algorithm. If a callback is provided
     * each element of `array` is passed through the callback before uniqueness
     * is computed. The callback is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with three
     * arguments; (value, index, array).
     *
     * If a property name is provided for `callback` the created "_.pluck" style
     * callback will return the property value of the given element.
     *
     * If an object is provided for `callback` the created "_.where" style callback
     * will return `true` for elements that have the properties of the given object,
     * else `false`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @alias unique
     * @category Arrays
     * @param {Array} array The array to process.
     * @param {boolean} [isSorted=false] A flag to indicate that `array` is sorted.
     * @param {Function|Object|string} [callback=identity] The function called
     *  per iteration. If a property name or object is provided it will be used
     *  to create a "_.pluck" or "_.where" style callback, respectively.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {Array} Returns a duplicate-value-free array.
     * @example
     *
     * _.uniq([1, 2, 1, 3, 1]);
     * // => [1, 2, 3]
     *
     * _.uniq([1, 1, 2, 2, 3], true);
     * // => [1, 2, 3]
     *
     * _.uniq(['A', 'b', 'C', 'a', 'B', 'c'], function(letter) { return letter.toLowerCase(); });
     * // => ['A', 'b', 'C']
     *
     * _.uniq([1, 2.5, 3, 1.5, 2, 3.5], function(num) { return this.floor(num); }, Math);
     * // => [1, 2.5, 3]
     *
     * // using "_.pluck" callback shorthand
     * _.uniq([{ 'x': 1 }, { 'x': 2 }, { 'x': 1 }], 'x');
     * // => [{ 'x': 1 }, { 'x': 2 }]
     */
    function uniq(array, isSorted, callback, thisArg) {
      // juggle arguments
      if (typeof isSorted != 'boolean' && isSorted != null) {
        thisArg = callback;
        callback = (typeof isSorted != 'function' && thisArg && thisArg[isSorted] === array) ? null : isSorted;
        isSorted = false;
      }
      if (callback != null) {
        callback = lodash.createCallback(callback, thisArg, 3);
      }
      return baseUniq(array, isSorted, callback);
    }

    /**
     * Creates an array excluding all provided values using strict equality for
     * comparisons, i.e. `===`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Arrays
     * @param {Array} array The array to filter.
     * @param {...*} [value] The values to exclude.
     * @returns {Array} Returns a new array of filtered values.
     * @example
     *
     * _.without([1, 2, 1, 0, 3, 1, 4], 0, 1);
     * // => [2, 3, 4]
     */
    function without(array) {
      return baseDifference(array, slice(arguments, 1));
    }

    /**
     * Creates an array that is the symmetric difference of the provided arrays.
     * See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetric_difference.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Arrays
     * @param {...Array} [array] The arrays to inspect.
     * @returns {Array} Returns an array of values.
     * @example
     *
     * _.xor([1, 2, 3], [5, 2, 1, 4]);
     * // => [3, 5, 4]
     *
     * _.xor([1, 2, 5], [2, 3, 5], [3, 4, 5]);
     * // => [1, 4, 5]
     */
    function xor() {
      var index = -1,
          length = arguments.length;

      while (++index < length) {
        var array = arguments[index];
        if (isArray(array) || isArguments(array)) {
          var result = result
            ? baseUniq(baseDifference(result, array).concat(baseDifference(array, result)))
            : array;
        }
      }
      return result || [];
    }

    /**
     * Creates an array of grouped elements, the first of which contains the first
     * elements of the given arrays, the second of which contains the second
     * elements of the given arrays, and so on.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @alias unzip
     * @category Arrays
     * @param {...Array} [array] Arrays to process.
     * @returns {Array} Returns a new array of grouped elements.
     * @example
     *
     * _.zip(['fred', 'barney'], [30, 40], [true, false]);
     * // => [['fred', 30, true], ['barney', 40, false]]
     */
    function zip() {
      var array = arguments.length > 1 ? arguments : arguments[0],
          index = -1,
          length = array ? max(pluck(array, 'length')) : 0,
          result = Array(length < 0 ? 0 : length);

      while (++index < length) {
        result[index] = pluck(array, index);
      }
      return result;
    }

    /**
     * Creates an object composed from arrays of `keys` and `values`. Provide
     * either a single two dimensional array, i.e. `[[key1, value1], [key2, value2]]`
     * or two arrays, one of `keys` and one of corresponding `values`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @alias object
     * @category Arrays
     * @param {Array} keys The array of keys.
     * @param {Array} [values=[]] The array of values.
     * @returns {Object} Returns an object composed of the given keys and
     *  corresponding values.
     * @example
     *
     * _.zipObject(['fred', 'barney'], [30, 40]);
     * // => { 'fred': 30, 'barney': 40 }
     */
    function zipObject(keys, values) {
      var index = -1,
          length = keys ? keys.length : 0,
          result = {};

      if (!values && length && !isArray(keys[0])) {
        values = [];
      }
      while (++index < length) {
        var key = keys[index];
        if (values) {
          result[key] = values[index];
        } else if (key) {
          result[key[0]] = key[1];
        }
      }
      return result;
    }

    /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

    /**
     * Creates a function that executes `func`, with  the `this` binding and
     * arguments of the created function, only after being called `n` times.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Functions
     * @param {number} n The number of times the function must be called before
     *  `func` is executed.
     * @param {Function} func The function to restrict.
     * @returns {Function} Returns the new restricted function.
     * @example
     *
     * var saves = ['profile', 'settings'];
     *
     * var done = _.after(saves.length, function() {
     *   console.log('Done saving!');
     * });
     *
     * _.forEach(saves, function(type) {
     *   asyncSave({ 'type': type, 'complete': done });
     * });
     * // => logs 'Done saving!', after all saves have completed
     */
    function after(n, func) {
      if (!isFunction(func)) {
        throw new TypeError;
      }
      return function() {
        if (--n < 1) {
          return func.apply(this, arguments);
        }
      };
    }

    /**
     * Creates a function that, when called, invokes `func` with the `this`
     * binding of `thisArg` and prepends any additional `bind` arguments to those
     * provided to the bound function.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Functions
     * @param {Function} func The function to bind.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `func`.
     * @param {...*} [arg] Arguments to be partially applied.
     * @returns {Function} Returns the new bound function.
     * @example
     *
     * var func = function(greeting) {
     *   return greeting + ' ' + this.name;
     * };
     *
     * func = _.bind(func, { 'name': 'fred' }, 'hi');
     * func();
     * // => 'hi fred'
     */
    function bind(func, thisArg) {
      return arguments.length > 2
        ? createWrapper(func, 17, slice(arguments, 2), null, thisArg)
        : createWrapper(func, 1, null, null, thisArg);
    }

    /**
     * Binds methods of an object to the object itself, overwriting the existing
     * method. Method names may be specified as individual arguments or as arrays
     * of method names. If no method names are provided all the function properties
     * of `object` will be bound.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Functions
     * @param {Object} object The object to bind and assign the bound methods to.
     * @param {...string} [methodName] The object method names to
     *  bind, specified as individual method names or arrays of method names.
     * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
     * @example
     *
     * var view = {
     *   'label': 'docs',
     *   'onClick': function() { console.log('clicked ' + this.label); }
     * };
     *
     * _.bindAll(view);
     * jQuery('#docs').on('click', view.onClick);
     * // => logs 'clicked docs', when the button is clicked
     */
    function bindAll(object) {
      var funcs = arguments.length > 1 ? baseFlatten(arguments, true, false, 1) : functions(object),
          index = -1,
          length = funcs.length;

      while (++index < length) {
        var key = funcs[index];
        object[key] = createWrapper(object[key], 1, null, null, object);
      }
      return object;
    }

    /**
     * Creates a function that, when called, invokes the method at `object[key]`
     * and prepends any additional `bindKey` arguments to those provided to the bound
     * function. This method differs from `_.bind` by allowing bound functions to
     * reference methods that will be redefined or don't yet exist.
     * See http://michaux.ca/articles/lazy-function-definition-pattern.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Functions
     * @param {Object} object The object the method belongs to.
     * @param {string} key The key of the method.
     * @param {...*} [arg] Arguments to be partially applied.
     * @returns {Function} Returns the new bound function.
     * @example
     *
     * var object = {
     *   'name': 'fred',
     *   'greet': function(greeting) {
     *     return greeting + ' ' + this.name;
     *   }
     * };
     *
     * var func = _.bindKey(object, 'greet', 'hi');
     * func();
     * // => 'hi fred'
     *
     * object.greet = function(greeting) {
     *   return greeting + 'ya ' + this.name + '!';
     * };
     *
     * func();
     * // => 'hiya fred!'
     */
    function bindKey(object, key) {
      return arguments.length > 2
        ? createWrapper(key, 19, slice(arguments, 2), null, object)
        : createWrapper(key, 3, null, null, object);
    }

    /**
     * Creates a function that is the composition of the provided functions,
     * where each function consumes the return value of the function that follows.
     * For example, composing the functions `f()`, `g()`, and `h()` produces `f(g(h()))`.
     * Each function is executed with the `this` binding of the composed function.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Functions
     * @param {...Function} [func] Functions to compose.
     * @returns {Function} Returns the new composed function.
     * @example
     *
     * var realNameMap = {
     *   'pebbles': 'penelope'
     * };
     *
     * var format = function(name) {
     *   name = realNameMap[name.toLowerCase()] || name;
     *   return name.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + name.slice(1).toLowerCase();
     * };
     *
     * var greet = function(formatted) {
     *   return 'Hiya ' + formatted + '!';
     * };
     *
     * var welcome = _.compose(greet, format);
     * welcome('pebbles');
     * // => 'Hiya Penelope!'
     */
    function compose() {
      var funcs = arguments,
          length = funcs.length;

      while (length--) {
        if (!isFunction(funcs[length])) {
          throw new TypeError;
        }
      }
      return function() {
        var args = arguments,
            length = funcs.length;

        while (length--) {
          args = [funcs[length].apply(this, args)];
        }
        return args[0];
      };
    }

    /**
     * Creates a function which accepts one or more arguments of `func` that when
     * invoked either executes `func` returning its result, if all `func` arguments
     * have been provided, or returns a function that accepts one or more of the
     * remaining `func` arguments, and so on. The arity of `func` can be specified
     * if `func.length` is not sufficient.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Functions
     * @param {Function} func The function to curry.
     * @param {number} [arity=func.length] The arity of `func`.
     * @returns {Function} Returns the new curried function.
     * @example
     *
     * var curried = _.curry(function(a, b, c) {
     *   console.log(a + b + c);
     * });
     *
     * curried(1)(2)(3);
     * // => 6
     *
     * curried(1, 2)(3);
     * // => 6
     *
     * curried(1, 2, 3);
     * // => 6
     */
    function curry(func, arity) {
      arity = typeof arity == 'number' ? arity : (+arity || func.length);
      return createWrapper(func, 4, null, null, null, arity);
    }

    /**
     * Creates a function that will delay the execution of `func` until after
     * `wait` milliseconds have elapsed since the last time it was invoked.
     * Provide an options object to indicate that `func` should be invoked on
     * the leading and/or trailing edge of the `wait` timeout. Subsequent calls
     * to the debounced function will return the result of the last `func` call.
     *
     * Note: If `leading` and `trailing` options are `true` `func` will be called
     * on the trailing edge of the timeout only if the the debounced function is
     * invoked more than once during the `wait` timeout.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Functions
     * @param {Function} func The function to debounce.
     * @param {number} wait The number of milliseconds to delay.
     * @param {Object} [options] The options object.
     * @param {boolean} [options.leading=false] Specify execution on the leading edge of the timeout.
     * @param {number} [options.maxWait] The maximum time `func` is allowed to be delayed before it's called.
     * @param {boolean} [options.trailing=true] Specify execution on the trailing edge of the timeout.
     * @returns {Function} Returns the new debounced function.
     * @example
     *
     * // avoid costly calculations while the window size is in flux
     * var lazyLayout = _.debounce(calculateLayout, 150);
     * jQuery(window).on('resize', lazyLayout);
     *
     * // execute `sendMail` when the click event is fired, debouncing subsequent calls
     * jQuery('#postbox').on('click', _.debounce(sendMail, 300, {
     *   'leading': true,
     *   'trailing': false
     * });
     *
     * // ensure `batchLog` is executed once after 1 second of debounced calls
     * var source = new EventSource('/stream');
     * source.addEventListener('message', _.debounce(batchLog, 250, {
     *   'maxWait': 1000
     * }, false);
     */
    function debounce(func, wait, options) {
      var args,
          maxTimeoutId,
          result,
          stamp,
          thisArg,
          timeoutId,
          trailingCall,
          lastCalled = 0,
          maxWait = false,
          trailing = true;

      if (!isFunction(func)) {
        throw new TypeError;
      }
      wait = nativeMax(0, wait) || 0;
      if (options === true) {
        var leading = true;
        trailing = false;
      } else if (isObject(options)) {
        leading = options.leading;
        maxWait = 'maxWait' in options && (nativeMax(wait, options.maxWait) || 0);
        trailing = 'trailing' in options ? options.trailing : trailing;
      }
      var delayed = function() {
        var remaining = wait - (now() - stamp);
        if (remaining <= 0) {
          if (maxTimeoutId) {
            clearTimeout(maxTimeoutId);
          }
          var isCalled = trailingCall;
          maxTimeoutId = timeoutId = trailingCall = undefined;
          if (isCalled) {
            lastCalled = now();
            result = func.apply(thisArg, args);
            if (!timeoutId && !maxTimeoutId) {
              args = thisArg = null;
            }
          }
        } else {
          timeoutId = setTimeout(delayed, remaining);
        }
      };

      var maxDelayed = function() {
        if (timeoutId) {
          clearTimeout(timeoutId);
        }
        maxTimeoutId = timeoutId = trailingCall = undefined;
        if (trailing || (maxWait !== wait)) {
          lastCalled = now();
          result = func.apply(thisArg, args);
          if (!timeoutId && !maxTimeoutId) {
            args = thisArg = null;
          }
        }
      };

      return function() {
        args = arguments;
        stamp = now();
        thisArg = this;
        trailingCall = trailing && (timeoutId || !leading);

        if (maxWait === false) {
          var leadingCall = leading && !timeoutId;
        } else {
          if (!maxTimeoutId && !leading) {
            lastCalled = stamp;
          }
          var remaining = maxWait - (stamp - lastCalled),
              isCalled = remaining <= 0;

          if (isCalled) {
            if (maxTimeoutId) {
              maxTimeoutId = clearTimeout(maxTimeoutId);
            }
            lastCalled = stamp;
            result = func.apply(thisArg, args);
          }
          else if (!maxTimeoutId) {
            maxTimeoutId = setTimeout(maxDelayed, remaining);
          }
        }
        if (isCalled && timeoutId) {
          timeoutId = clearTimeout(timeoutId);
        }
        else if (!timeoutId && wait !== maxWait) {
          timeoutId = setTimeout(delayed, wait);
        }
        if (leadingCall) {
          isCalled = true;
          result = func.apply(thisArg, args);
        }
        if (isCalled && !timeoutId && !maxTimeoutId) {
          args = thisArg = null;
        }
        return result;
      };
    }

    /**
     * Defers executing the `func` function until the current call stack has cleared.
     * Additional arguments will be provided to `func` when it is invoked.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Functions
     * @param {Function} func The function to defer.
     * @param {...*} [arg] Arguments to invoke the function with.
     * @returns {number} Returns the timer id.
     * @example
     *
     * _.defer(function(text) { console.log(text); }, 'deferred');
     * // logs 'deferred' after one or more milliseconds
     */
    function defer(func) {
      if (!isFunction(func)) {
        throw new TypeError;
      }
      var args = slice(arguments, 1);
      return setTimeout(function() { func.apply(undefined, args); }, 1);
    }

    /**
     * Executes the `func` function after `wait` milliseconds. Additional arguments
     * will be provided to `func` when it is invoked.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Functions
     * @param {Function} func The function to delay.
     * @param {number} wait The number of milliseconds to delay execution.
     * @param {...*} [arg] Arguments to invoke the function with.
     * @returns {number} Returns the timer id.
     * @example
     *
     * _.delay(function(text) { console.log(text); }, 1000, 'later');
     * // => logs 'later' after one second
     */
    function delay(func, wait) {
      if (!isFunction(func)) {
        throw new TypeError;
      }
      var args = slice(arguments, 2);
      return setTimeout(function() { func.apply(undefined, args); }, wait);
    }

    /**
     * Creates a function that memoizes the result of `func`. If `resolver` is
     * provided it will be used to determine the cache key for storing the result
     * based on the arguments provided to the memoized function. By default, the
     * first argument provided to the memoized function is used as the cache key.
     * The `func` is executed with the `this` binding of the memoized function.
     * The result cache is exposed as the `cache` property on the memoized function.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Functions
     * @param {Function} func The function to have its output memoized.
     * @param {Function} [resolver] A function used to resolve the cache key.
     * @returns {Function} Returns the new memoizing function.
     * @example
     *
     * var fibonacci = _.memoize(function(n) {
     *   return n < 2 ? n : fibonacci(n - 1) + fibonacci(n - 2);
     * });
     *
     * fibonacci(9)
     * // => 34
     *
     * var data = {
     *   'fred': { 'name': 'fred', 'age': 40 },
     *   'pebbles': { 'name': 'pebbles', 'age': 1 }
     * };
     *
     * // modifying the result cache
     * var get = _.memoize(function(name) { return data[name]; }, _.identity);
     * get('pebbles');
     * // => { 'name': 'pebbles', 'age': 1 }
     *
     * get.cache.pebbles.name = 'penelope';
     * get('pebbles');
     * // => { 'name': 'penelope', 'age': 1 }
     */
    function memoize(func, resolver) {
      if (!isFunction(func)) {
        throw new TypeError;
      }
      var memoized = function() {
        var cache = memoized.cache,
            key = resolver ? resolver.apply(this, arguments) : keyPrefix + arguments[0];

        return hasOwnProperty.call(cache, key)
          ? cache[key]
          : (cache[key] = func.apply(this, arguments));
      }
      memoized.cache = {};
      return memoized;
    }

    /**
     * Creates a function that is restricted to execute `func` once. Repeat calls to
     * the function will return the value of the first call. The `func` is executed
     * with the `this` binding of the created function.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Functions
     * @param {Function} func The function to restrict.
     * @returns {Function} Returns the new restricted function.
     * @example
     *
     * var initialize = _.once(createApplication);
     * initialize();
     * initialize();
     * // `initialize` executes `createApplication` once
     */
    function once(func) {
      var ran,
          result;

      if (!isFunction(func)) {
        throw new TypeError;
      }
      return function() {
        if (ran) {
          return result;
        }
        ran = true;
        result = func.apply(this, arguments);

        // clear the `func` variable so the function may be garbage collected
        func = null;
        return result;
      };
    }

    /**
     * Creates a function that, when called, invokes `func` with any additional
     * `partial` arguments prepended to those provided to the new function. This
     * method is similar to `_.bind` except it does **not** alter the `this` binding.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Functions
     * @param {Function} func The function to partially apply arguments to.
     * @param {...*} [arg] Arguments to be partially applied.
     * @returns {Function} Returns the new partially applied function.
     * @example
     *
     * var greet = function(greeting, name) { return greeting + ' ' + name; };
     * var hi = _.partial(greet, 'hi');
     * hi('fred');
     * // => 'hi fred'
     */
    function partial(func) {
      return createWrapper(func, 16, slice(arguments, 1));
    }

    /**
     * This method is like `_.partial` except that `partial` arguments are
     * appended to those provided to the new function.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Functions
     * @param {Function} func The function to partially apply arguments to.
     * @param {...*} [arg] Arguments to be partially applied.
     * @returns {Function} Returns the new partially applied function.
     * @example
     *
     * var defaultsDeep = _.partialRight(_.merge, _.defaults);
     *
     * var options = {
     *   'variable': 'data',
     *   'imports': { 'jq': $ }
     * };
     *
     * defaultsDeep(options, _.templateSettings);
     *
     * options.variable
     * // => 'data'
     *
     * options.imports
     * // => { '_': _, 'jq': $ }
     */
    function partialRight(func) {
      return createWrapper(func, 32, null, slice(arguments, 1));
    }

    /**
     * Creates a function that, when executed, will only call the `func` function
     * at most once per every `wait` milliseconds. Provide an options object to
     * indicate that `func` should be invoked on the leading and/or trailing edge
     * of the `wait` timeout. Subsequent calls to the throttled function will
     * return the result of the last `func` call.
     *
     * Note: If `leading` and `trailing` options are `true` `func` will be called
     * on the trailing edge of the timeout only if the the throttled function is
     * invoked more than once during the `wait` timeout.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Functions
     * @param {Function} func The function to throttle.
     * @param {number} wait The number of milliseconds to throttle executions to.
     * @param {Object} [options] The options object.
     * @param {boolean} [options.leading=true] Specify execution on the leading edge of the timeout.
     * @param {boolean} [options.trailing=true] Specify execution on the trailing edge of the timeout.
     * @returns {Function} Returns the new throttled function.
     * @example
     *
     * // avoid excessively updating the position while scrolling
     * var throttled = _.throttle(updatePosition, 100);
     * jQuery(window).on('scroll', throttled);
     *
     * // execute `renewToken` when the click event is fired, but not more than once every 5 minutes
     * jQuery('.interactive').on('click', _.throttle(renewToken, 300000, {
     *   'trailing': false
     * }));
     */
    function throttle(func, wait, options) {
      var leading = true,
          trailing = true;

      if (!isFunction(func)) {
        throw new TypeError;
      }
      if (options === false) {
        leading = false;
      } else if (isObject(options)) {
        leading = 'leading' in options ? options.leading : leading;
        trailing = 'trailing' in options ? options.trailing : trailing;
      }
      debounceOptions.leading = leading;
      debounceOptions.maxWait = wait;
      debounceOptions.trailing = trailing;

      return debounce(func, wait, debounceOptions);
    }

    /**
     * Creates a function that provides `value` to the wrapper function as its
     * first argument. Additional arguments provided to the function are appended
     * to those provided to the wrapper function. The wrapper is executed with
     * the `this` binding of the created function.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Functions
     * @param {*} value The value to wrap.
     * @param {Function} wrapper The wrapper function.
     * @returns {Function} Returns the new function.
     * @example
     *
     * var p = _.wrap(_.escape, function(func, text) {
     *   return '<p>' + func(text) + '</p>';
     * });
     *
     * p('Fred, Wilma, & Pebbles');
     * // => '<p>Fred, Wilma, &amp; Pebbles</p>'
     */
    function wrap(value, wrapper) {
      return createWrapper(wrapper, 16, [value]);
    }

    /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

    /**
     * Creates a function that returns `value`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Utilities
     * @param {*} value The value to return from the new function.
     * @returns {Function} Returns the new function.
     * @example
     *
     * var object = { 'name': 'fred' };
     * var getter = _.constant(object);
     * getter() === object;
     * // => true
     */
    function constant(value) {
      return function() {
        return value;
      };
    }

    /**
     * Produces a callback bound to an optional `thisArg`. If `func` is a property
     * name the created callback will return the property value for a given element.
     * If `func` is an object the created callback will return `true` for elements
     * that contain the equivalent object properties, otherwise it will return `false`.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Utilities
     * @param {*} [func=identity] The value to convert to a callback.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of the created callback.
     * @param {number} [argCount] The number of arguments the callback accepts.
     * @returns {Function} Returns a callback function.
     * @example
     *
     * var characters = [
     *   { 'name': 'barney', 'age': 36 },
     *   { 'name': 'fred',   'age': 40 }
     * ];
     *
     * // wrap to create custom callback shorthands
     * _.createCallback = _.wrap(_.createCallback, function(func, callback, thisArg) {
     *   var match = /^(.+?)__([gl]t)(.+)$/.exec(callback);
     *   return !match ? func(callback, thisArg) : function(object) {
     *     return match[2] == 'gt' ? object[match[1]] > match[3] : object[match[1]] < match[3];
     *   };
     * });
     *
     * _.filter(characters, 'age__gt38');
     * // => [{ 'name': 'fred', 'age': 40 }]
     */
    function createCallback(func, thisArg, argCount) {
      var type = typeof func;
      if (func == null || type == 'function') {
        return baseCreateCallback(func, thisArg, argCount);
      }
      // handle "_.pluck" style callback shorthands
      if (type != 'object') {
        return property(func);
      }
      var props = keys(func),
          key = props[0],
          a = func[key];

      // handle "_.where" style callback shorthands
      if (props.length == 1 && a === a && !isObject(a)) {
        // fast path the common case of providing an object with a single
        // property containing a primitive value
        return function(object) {
          var b = object[key];
          return a === b && (a !== 0 || (1 / a == 1 / b));
        };
      }
      return function(object) {
        var length = props.length,
            result = false;

        while (length--) {
          if (!(result = baseIsEqual(object[props[length]], func[props[length]], null, true))) {
            break;
          }
        }
        return result;
      };
    }

    /**
     * Converts the characters `&`, `<`, `>`, `"`, and `'` in `string` to their
     * corresponding HTML entities.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Utilities
     * @param {string} string The string to escape.
     * @returns {string} Returns the escaped string.
     * @example
     *
     * _.escape('Fred, Wilma, & Pebbles');
     * // => 'Fred, Wilma, &amp; Pebbles'
     */
    function escape(string) {
      return string == null ? '' : String(string).replace(reUnescapedHtml, escapeHtmlChar);
    }

    /**
     * This method returns the first argument provided to it.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Utilities
     * @param {*} value Any value.
     * @returns {*} Returns `value`.
     * @example
     *
     * var object = { 'name': 'fred' };
     * _.identity(object) === object;
     * // => true
     */
    function identity(value) {
      return value;
    }

    /**
     * Adds function properties of a source object to the destination object.
     * If `object` is a function methods will be added to its prototype as well.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Utilities
     * @param {Function|Object} [object=lodash] object The destination object.
     * @param {Object} source The object of functions to add.
     * @param {Object} [options] The options object.
     * @param {boolean} [options.chain=true] Specify whether the functions added are chainable.
     * @example
     *
     * function capitalize(string) {
     *   return string.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + string.slice(1).toLowerCase();
     * }
     *
     * _.mixin({ 'capitalize': capitalize });
     * _.capitalize('fred');
     * // => 'Fred'
     *
     * _('fred').capitalize().value();
     * // => 'Fred'
     *
     * _.mixin({ 'capitalize': capitalize }, { 'chain': false });
     * _('fred').capitalize();
     * // => 'Fred'
     */
    function mixin(object, source, options) {
      var chain = true,
          methodNames = source && functions(source);

      if (!source || (!options && !methodNames.length)) {
        if (options == null) {
          options = source;
        }
        ctor = lodashWrapper;
        source = object;
        object = lodash;
        methodNames = functions(source);
      }
      if (options === false) {
        chain = false;
      } else if (isObject(options) && 'chain' in options) {
        chain = options.chain;
      }
      var ctor = object,
          isFunc = isFunction(ctor);

      forEach(methodNames, function(methodName) {
        var func = object[methodName] = source[methodName];
        if (isFunc) {
          ctor.prototype[methodName] = function() {
            var chainAll = this.__chain__,
                value = this.__wrapped__,
                args = [value];

            push.apply(args, arguments);
            var result = func.apply(object, args);
            if (chain || chainAll) {
              if (value === result && isObject(result)) {
                return this;
              }
              result = new ctor(result);
              result.__chain__ = chainAll;
            }
            return result;
          };
        }
      });
    }

    /**
     * Reverts the '_' variable to its previous value and returns a reference to
     * the `lodash` function.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Utilities
     * @returns {Function} Returns the `lodash` function.
     * @example
     *
     * var lodash = _.noConflict();
     */
    function noConflict() {
      context._ = oldDash;
      return this;
    }

    /**
     * A no-operation function.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Utilities
     * @example
     *
     * var object = { 'name': 'fred' };
     * _.noop(object) === undefined;
     * // => true
     */
    function noop() {
      // no operation performed
    }

    /**
     * Gets the number of milliseconds that have elapsed since the Unix epoch
     * (1 January 1970 00:00:00 UTC).
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Utilities
     * @example
     *
     * var stamp = _.now();
     * _.defer(function() { console.log(_.now() - stamp); });
     * // => logs the number of milliseconds it took for the deferred function to be called
     */
    var now = isNative(now = Date.now) && now || function() {
      return new Date().getTime();
    };

    /**
     * Converts the given value into an integer of the specified radix.
     * If `radix` is `undefined` or `0` a `radix` of `10` is used unless the
     * `value` is a hexadecimal, in which case a `radix` of `16` is used.
     *
     * Note: This method avoids differences in native ES3 and ES5 `parseInt`
     * implementations. See http://es5.github.io/#E.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Utilities
     * @param {string} value The value to parse.
     * @param {number} [radix] The radix used to interpret the value to parse.
     * @returns {number} Returns the new integer value.
     * @example
     *
     * _.parseInt('08');
     * // => 8
     */
    var parseInt = nativeParseInt(whitespace + '08') == 8 ? nativeParseInt : function(value, radix) {
      // Firefox < 21 and Opera < 15 follow the ES3 specified implementation of `parseInt`
      return nativeParseInt(isString(value) ? value.replace(reLeadingSpacesAndZeros, '') : value, radix || 0);
    };

    /**
     * Creates a "_.pluck" style function, which returns the `key` value of a
     * given object.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Utilities
     * @param {string} key The name of the property to retrieve.
     * @returns {Function} Returns the new function.
     * @example
     *
     * var characters = [
     *   { 'name': 'fred',   'age': 40 },
     *   { 'name': 'barney', 'age': 36 }
     * ];
     *
     * var getName = _.property('name');
     *
     * _.map(characters, getName);
     * // => ['barney', 'fred']
     *
     * _.sortBy(characters, getName);
     * // => [{ 'name': 'barney', 'age': 36 }, { 'name': 'fred',   'age': 40 }]
     */
    function property(key) {
      return function(object) {
        return object[key];
      };
    }

    /**
     * Produces a random number between `min` and `max` (inclusive). If only one
     * argument is provided a number between `0` and the given number will be
     * returned. If `floating` is truey or either `min` or `max` are floats a
     * floating-point number will be returned instead of an integer.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Utilities
     * @param {number} [min=0] The minimum possible value.
     * @param {number} [max=1] The maximum possible value.
     * @param {boolean} [floating=false] Specify returning a floating-point number.
     * @returns {number} Returns a random number.
     * @example
     *
     * _.random(0, 5);
     * // => an integer between 0 and 5
     *
     * _.random(5);
     * // => also an integer between 0 and 5
     *
     * _.random(5, true);
     * // => a floating-point number between 0 and 5
     *
     * _.random(1.2, 5.2);
     * // => a floating-point number between 1.2 and 5.2
     */
    function random(min, max, floating) {
      var noMin = min == null,
          noMax = max == null;

      if (floating == null) {
        if (typeof min == 'boolean' && noMax) {
          floating = min;
          min = 1;
        }
        else if (!noMax && typeof max == 'boolean') {
          floating = max;
          noMax = true;
        }
      }
      if (noMin && noMax) {
        max = 1;
      }
      min = +min || 0;
      if (noMax) {
        max = min;
        min = 0;
      } else {
        max = +max || 0;
      }
      if (floating || min % 1 || max % 1) {
        var rand = nativeRandom();
        return nativeMin(min + (rand * (max - min + parseFloat('1e-' + ((rand +'').length - 1)))), max);
      }
      return baseRandom(min, max);
    }

    /**
     * Resolves the value of property `key` on `object`. If `key` is a function
     * it will be invoked with the `this` binding of `object` and its result returned,
     * else the property value is returned. If `object` is falsey then `undefined`
     * is returned.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Utilities
     * @param {Object} object The object to inspect.
     * @param {string} key The name of the property to resolve.
     * @returns {*} Returns the resolved value.
     * @example
     *
     * var object = {
     *   'cheese': 'crumpets',
     *   'stuff': function() {
     *     return 'nonsense';
     *   }
     * };
     *
     * _.result(object, 'cheese');
     * // => 'crumpets'
     *
     * _.result(object, 'stuff');
     * // => 'nonsense'
     */
    function result(object, key) {
      if (object) {
        var value = object[key];
        return isFunction(value) ? object[key]() : value;
      }
    }

    /**
     * A micro-templating method that handles arbitrary delimiters, preserves
     * whitespace, and correctly escapes quotes within interpolated code.
     *
     * Note: In the development build, `_.template` utilizes sourceURLs for easier
     * debugging. See http://www.html5rocks.com/en/tutorials/developertools/sourcemaps/#toc-sourceurl
     *
     * For more information on precompiling templates see:
     * http://lodash.com/custom-builds
     *
     * For more information on Chrome extension sandboxes see:
     * http://developer.chrome.com/stable/extensions/sandboxingEval.html
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Utilities
     * @param {string} text The template text.
     * @param {Object} data The data object used to populate the text.
     * @param {Object} [options] The options object.
     * @param {RegExp} [options.escape] The "escape" delimiter.
     * @param {RegExp} [options.evaluate] The "evaluate" delimiter.
     * @param {Object} [options.imports] An object to import into the template as local variables.
     * @param {RegExp} [options.interpolate] The "interpolate" delimiter.
     * @param {string} [sourceURL] The sourceURL of the template's compiled source.
     * @param {string} [variable] The data object variable name.
     * @returns {Function|string} Returns a compiled function when no `data` object
     *  is given, else it returns the interpolated text.
     * @example
     *
     * // using the "interpolate" delimiter to create a compiled template
     * var compiled = _.template('hello <%= name %>');
     * compiled({ 'name': 'fred' });
     * // => 'hello fred'
     *
     * // using the "escape" delimiter to escape HTML in data property values
     * _.template('<b><%- value %></b>', { 'value': '<script>' });
     * // => '<b>&lt;script&gt;</b>'
     *
     * // using the "evaluate" delimiter to generate HTML
     * var list = '<% _.forEach(people, function(name) { %><li><%- name %></li><% }); %>';
     * _.template(list, { 'people': ['fred', 'barney'] });
     * // => '<li>fred</li><li>barney</li>'
     *
     * // using the ES6 delimiter as an alternative to the default "interpolate" delimiter
     * _.template('hello ${ name }', { 'name': 'pebbles' });
     * // => 'hello pebbles'
     *
     * // using the internal `print` function in "evaluate" delimiters
     * _.template('<% print("hello " + name); %>!', { 'name': 'barney' });
     * // => 'hello barney!'
     *
     * // using a custom template delimiters
     * _.templateSettings = {
     *   'interpolate': /{{([\s\S]+?)}}/g
     * };
     *
     * _.template('hello {{ name }}!', { 'name': 'mustache' });
     * // => 'hello mustache!'
     *
     * // using the `imports` option to import jQuery
     * var list = '<% jq.each(people, function(name) { %><li><%- name %></li><% }); %>';
     * _.template(list, { 'people': ['fred', 'barney'] }, { 'imports': { 'jq': jQuery } });
     * // => '<li>fred</li><li>barney</li>'
     *
     * // using the `sourceURL` option to specify a custom sourceURL for the template
     * var compiled = _.template('hello <%= name %>', null, { 'sourceURL': '/basic/greeting.jst' });
     * compiled(data);
     * // => find the source of "greeting.jst" under the Sources tab or Resources panel of the web inspector
     *
     * // using the `variable` option to ensure a with-statement isn't used in the compiled template
     * var compiled = _.template('hi <%= data.name %>!', null, { 'variable': 'data' });
     * compiled.source;
     * // => function(data) {
     *   var __t, __p = '', __e = _.escape;
     *   __p += 'hi ' + ((__t = ( data.name )) == null ? '' : __t) + '!';
     *   return __p;
     * }
     *
     * // using the `source` property to inline compiled templates for meaningful
     * // line numbers in error messages and a stack trace
     * fs.writeFileSync(path.join(cwd, 'jst.js'), '\
     *   var JST = {\
     *     "main": ' + _.template(mainText).source + '\
     *   };\
     * ');
     */
    function template(text, data, options) {
      // based on John Resig's `tmpl` implementation
      // http://ejohn.org/blog/javascript-micro-templating/
      // and Laura Doktorova's doT.js
      // https://github.com/olado/doT
      var settings = lodash.templateSettings;
      text = String(text || '');

      // avoid missing dependencies when `iteratorTemplate` is not defined
      options = defaults({}, options, settings);

      var imports = defaults({}, options.imports, settings.imports),
          importsKeys = keys(imports),
          importsValues = values(imports);

      var isEvaluating,
          index = 0,
          interpolate = options.interpolate || reNoMatch,
          source = "__p += '";

      // compile the regexp to match each delimiter
      var reDelimiters = RegExp(
        (options.escape || reNoMatch).source + '|' +
        interpolate.source + '|' +
        (interpolate === reInterpolate ? reEsTemplate : reNoMatch).source + '|' +
        (options.evaluate || reNoMatch).source + '|$'
      , 'g');

      text.replace(reDelimiters, function(match, escapeValue, interpolateValue, esTemplateValue, evaluateValue, offset) {
        interpolateValue || (interpolateValue = esTemplateValue);

        // escape characters that cannot be included in string literals
        source += text.slice(index, offset).replace(reUnescapedString, escapeStringChar);

        // replace delimiters with snippets
        if (escapeValue) {
          source += "' +\n__e(" + escapeValue + ") +\n'";
        }
        if (evaluateValue) {
          isEvaluating = true;
          source += "';\n" + evaluateValue + ";\n__p += '";
        }
        if (interpolateValue) {
          source += "' +\n((__t = (" + interpolateValue + ")) == null ? '' : __t) +\n'";
        }
        index = offset + match.length;

        // the JS engine embedded in Adobe products requires returning the `match`
        // string in order to produce the correct `offset` value
        return match;
      });

      source += "';\n";

      // if `variable` is not specified, wrap a with-statement around the generated
      // code to add the data object to the top of the scope chain
      var variable = options.variable,
          hasVariable = variable;

      if (!hasVariable) {
        variable = 'obj';
        source = 'with (' + variable + ') {\n' + source + '\n}\n';
      }
      // cleanup code by stripping empty strings
      source = (isEvaluating ? source.replace(reEmptyStringLeading, '') : source)
        .replace(reEmptyStringMiddle, '$1')
        .replace(reEmptyStringTrailing, '$1;');

      // frame code as the function body
      source = 'function(' + variable + ') {\n' +
        (hasVariable ? '' : variable + ' || (' + variable + ' = {});\n') +
        "var __t, __p = '', __e = _.escape" +
        (isEvaluating
          ? ', __j = Array.prototype.join;\n' +
            "function print() { __p += __j.call(arguments, '') }\n"
          : ';\n'
        ) +
        source +
        'return __p\n}';

      // Use a sourceURL for easier debugging.
      // http://www.html5rocks.com/en/tutorials/developertools/sourcemaps/#toc-sourceurl
      var sourceURL = '\n/*\n//# sourceURL=' + (options.sourceURL || '/lodash/template/source[' + (templateCounter++) + ']') + '\n*/';

      try {
        var result = Function(importsKeys, 'return ' + source + sourceURL).apply(undefined, importsValues);
      } catch(e) {
        e.source = source;
        throw e;
      }
      if (data) {
        return result(data);
      }
      // provide the compiled function's source by its `toString` method, in
      // supported environments, or the `source` property as a convenience for
      // inlining compiled templates during the build process
      result.source = source;
      return result;
    }

    /**
     * Executes the callback `n` times, returning an array of the results
     * of each callback execution. The callback is bound to `thisArg` and invoked
     * with one argument; (index).
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Utilities
     * @param {number} n The number of times to execute the callback.
     * @param {Function} callback The function called per iteration.
     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
     * @returns {Array} Returns an array of the results of each `callback` execution.
     * @example
     *
     * var diceRolls = _.times(3, _.partial(_.random, 1, 6));
     * // => [3, 6, 4]
     *
     * _.times(3, function(n) { mage.castSpell(n); });
     * // => calls `mage.castSpell(n)` three times, passing `n` of `0`, `1`, and `2` respectively
     *
     * _.times(3, function(n) { this.cast(n); }, mage);
     * // => also calls `mage.castSpell(n)` three times
     */
    function times(n, callback, thisArg) {
      n = (n = +n) > -1 ? n : 0;
      var index = -1,
          result = Array(n);

      callback = baseCreateCallback(callback, thisArg, 1);
      while (++index < n) {
        result[index] = callback(index);
      }
      return result;
    }

    /**
     * The inverse of `_.escape` this method converts the HTML entities
     * `&amp;`, `&lt;`, `&gt;`, `&quot;`, and `&#39;` in `string` to their
     * corresponding characters.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Utilities
     * @param {string} string The string to unescape.
     * @returns {string} Returns the unescaped string.
     * @example
     *
     * _.unescape('Fred, Barney &amp; Pebbles');
     * // => 'Fred, Barney & Pebbles'
     */
    function unescape(string) {
      return string == null ? '' : String(string).replace(reEscapedHtml, unescapeHtmlChar);
    }

    /**
     * Generates a unique ID. If `prefix` is provided the ID will be appended to it.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Utilities
     * @param {string} [prefix] The value to prefix the ID with.
     * @returns {string} Returns the unique ID.
     * @example
     *
     * _.uniqueId('contact_');
     * // => 'contact_104'
     *
     * _.uniqueId();
     * // => '105'
     */
    function uniqueId(prefix) {
      var id = ++idCounter;
      return String(prefix == null ? '' : prefix) + id;
    }

    /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

    /**
     * Creates a `lodash` object that wraps the given value with explicit
     * method chaining enabled.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Chaining
     * @param {*} value The value to wrap.
     * @returns {Object} Returns the wrapper object.
     * @example
     *
     * var characters = [
     *   { 'name': 'barney',  'age': 36 },
     *   { 'name': 'fred',    'age': 40 },
     *   { 'name': 'pebbles', 'age': 1 }
     * ];
     *
     * var youngest = _.chain(characters)
     *     .sortBy('age')
     *     .map(function(chr) { return chr.name + ' is ' + chr.age; })
     *     .first()
     *     .value();
     * // => 'pebbles is 1'
     */
    function chain(value) {
      value = new lodashWrapper(value);
      value.__chain__ = true;
      return value;
    }

    /**
     * Invokes `interceptor` with the `value` as the first argument and then
     * returns `value`. The purpose of this method is to "tap into" a method
     * chain in order to perform operations on intermediate results within
     * the chain.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Chaining
     * @param {*} value The value to provide to `interceptor`.
     * @param {Function} interceptor The function to invoke.
     * @returns {*} Returns `value`.
     * @example
     *
     * _([1, 2, 3, 4])
     *  .tap(function(array) { array.pop(); })
     *  .reverse()
     *  .value();
     * // => [3, 2, 1]
     */
    function tap(value, interceptor) {
      interceptor(value);
      return value;
    }

    /**
     * Enables explicit method chaining on the wrapper object.
     *
     * @name chain
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Chaining
     * @returns {*} Returns the wrapper object.
     * @example
     *
     * var characters = [
     *   { 'name': 'barney', 'age': 36 },
     *   { 'name': 'fred',   'age': 40 }
     * ];
     *
     * // without explicit chaining
     * _(characters).first();
     * // => { 'name': 'barney', 'age': 36 }
     *
     * // with explicit chaining
     * _(characters).chain()
     *   .first()
     *   .pick('age')
     *   .value();
     * // => { 'age': 36 }
     */
    function wrapperChain() {
      this.__chain__ = true;
      return this;
    }

    /**
     * Produces the `toString` result of the wrapped value.
     *
     * @name toString
     * @memberOf _
     * @category Chaining
     * @returns {string} Returns the string result.
     * @example
     *
     * _([1, 2, 3]).toString();
     * // => '1,2,3'
     */
    function wrapperToString() {
      return String(this.__wrapped__);
    }

    /**
     * Extracts the wrapped value.
     *
     * @name valueOf
     * @memberOf _
     * @alias value
     * @category Chaining
     * @returns {*} Returns the wrapped value.
     * @example
     *
     * _([1, 2, 3]).valueOf();
     * // => [1, 2, 3]
     */
    function wrapperValueOf() {
      return this.__wrapped__;
    }

    /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

    // add functions that return wrapped values when chaining
    lodash.after = after;
    lodash.assign = assign;
    lodash.at = at;
    lodash.bind = bind;
    lodash.bindAll = bindAll;
    lodash.bindKey = bindKey;
    lodash.chain = chain;
    lodash.compact = compact;
    lodash.compose = compose;
    lodash.constant = constant;
    lodash.countBy = countBy;
    lodash.create = create;
    lodash.createCallback = createCallback;
    lodash.curry = curry;
    lodash.debounce = debounce;
    lodash.defaults = defaults;
    lodash.defer = defer;
    lodash.delay = delay;
    lodash.difference = difference;
    lodash.filter = filter;
    lodash.flatten = flatten;
    lodash.forEach = forEach;
    lodash.forEachRight = forEachRight;
    lodash.forIn = forIn;
    lodash.forInRight = forInRight;
    lodash.forOwn = forOwn;
    lodash.forOwnRight = forOwnRight;
    lodash.functions = functions;
    lodash.groupBy = groupBy;
    lodash.indexBy = indexBy;
    lodash.initial = initial;
    lodash.intersection = intersection;
    lodash.invert = invert;
    lodash.invoke = invoke;
    lodash.keys = keys;
    lodash.map = map;
    lodash.mapValues = mapValues;
    lodash.max = max;
    lodash.memoize = memoize;
    lodash.merge = merge;
    lodash.min = min;
    lodash.omit = omit;
    lodash.once = once;
    lodash.pairs = pairs;
    lodash.partial = partial;
    lodash.partialRight = partialRight;
    lodash.pick = pick;
    lodash.pluck = pluck;
    lodash.property = property;
    lodash.pull = pull;
    lodash.range = range;
    lodash.reject = reject;
    lodash.remove = remove;
    lodash.rest = rest;
    lodash.shuffle = shuffle;
    lodash.sortBy = sortBy;
    lodash.tap = tap;
    lodash.throttle = throttle;
    lodash.times = times;
    lodash.toArray = toArray;
    lodash.transform = transform;
    lodash.union = union;
    lodash.uniq = uniq;
    lodash.values = values;
    lodash.where = where;
    lodash.without = without;
    lodash.wrap = wrap;
    lodash.xor = xor;
    lodash.zip = zip;
    lodash.zipObject = zipObject;

    // add aliases
    lodash.collect = map;
    lodash.drop = rest;
    lodash.each = forEach;
    lodash.eachRight = forEachRight;
    lodash.extend = assign;
    lodash.methods = functions;
    lodash.object = zipObject;
    lodash.select = filter;
    lodash.tail = rest;
    lodash.unique = uniq;
    lodash.unzip = zip;

    // add functions to `lodash.prototype`
    mixin(lodash);

    /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

    // add functions that return unwrapped values when chaining
    lodash.clone = clone;
    lodash.cloneDeep = cloneDeep;
    lodash.contains = contains;
    lodash.escape = escape;
    lodash.every = every;
    lodash.find = find;
    lodash.findIndex = findIndex;
    lodash.findKey = findKey;
    lodash.findLast = findLast;
    lodash.findLastIndex = findLastIndex;
    lodash.findLastKey = findLastKey;
    lodash.has = has;
    lodash.identity = identity;
    lodash.indexOf = indexOf;
    lodash.isArguments = isArguments;
    lodash.isArray = isArray;
    lodash.isBoolean = isBoolean;
    lodash.isDate = isDate;
    lodash.isElement = isElement;
    lodash.isEmpty = isEmpty;
    lodash.isEqual = isEqual;
    lodash.isFinite = isFinite;
    lodash.isFunction = isFunction;
    lodash.isNaN = isNaN;
    lodash.isNull = isNull;
    lodash.isNumber = isNumber;
    lodash.isObject = isObject;
    lodash.isPlainObject = isPlainObject;
    lodash.isRegExp = isRegExp;
    lodash.isString = isString;
    lodash.isUndefined = isUndefined;
    lodash.lastIndexOf = lastIndexOf;
    lodash.mixin = mixin;
    lodash.noConflict = noConflict;
    lodash.noop = noop;
    lodash.now = now;
    lodash.parseInt = parseInt;
    lodash.random = random;
    lodash.reduce = reduce;
    lodash.reduceRight = reduceRight;
    lodash.result = result;
    lodash.runInContext = runInContext;
    lodash.size = size;
    lodash.some = some;
    lodash.sortedIndex = sortedIndex;
    lodash.template = template;
    lodash.unescape = unescape;
    lodash.uniqueId = uniqueId;

    // add aliases
    lodash.all = every;
    lodash.any = some;
    lodash.detect = find;
    lodash.findWhere = find;
    lodash.foldl = reduce;
    lodash.foldr = reduceRight;
    lodash.include = contains;
    lodash.inject = reduce;

    mixin(function() {
      var source = {}
      forOwn(lodash, function(func, methodName) {
        if (!lodash.prototype[methodName]) {
          source[methodName] = func;
        }
      });
      return source;
    }(), false);

    /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

    // add functions capable of returning wrapped and unwrapped values when chaining
    lodash.first = first;
    lodash.last = last;
    lodash.sample = sample;

    // add aliases
    lodash.take = first;
    lodash.head = first;

    forOwn(lodash, function(func, methodName) {
      var callbackable = methodName !== 'sample';
      if (!lodash.prototype[methodName]) {
        lodash.prototype[methodName]= function(n, guard) {
          var chainAll = this.__chain__,
              result = func(this.__wrapped__, n, guard);

          return !chainAll && (n == null || (guard && !(callbackable && typeof n == 'function')))
            ? result
            : new lodashWrapper(result, chainAll);
        };
      }
    });

    /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

    /**
     * The semantic version number.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _
     * @type string
     */
    lodash.VERSION = '2.4.1';

    // add "Chaining" functions to the wrapper
    lodash.prototype.chain = wrapperChain;
    lodash.prototype.toString = wrapperToString;
    lodash.prototype.value = wrapperValueOf;
    lodash.prototype.valueOf = wrapperValueOf;

    // add `Array` functions that return unwrapped values
    baseEach(['join', 'pop', 'shift'], function(methodName) {
      var func = arrayRef[methodName];
      lodash.prototype[methodName] = function() {
        var chainAll = this.__chain__,
            result = func.apply(this.__wrapped__, arguments);

        return chainAll
          ? new lodashWrapper(result, chainAll)
          : result;
      };
    });

    // add `Array` functions that return the existing wrapped value
    baseEach(['push', 'reverse', 'sort', 'unshift'], function(methodName) {
      var func = arrayRef[methodName];
      lodash.prototype[methodName] = function() {
        func.apply(this.__wrapped__, arguments);
        return this;
      };
    });

    // add `Array` functions that return new wrapped values
    baseEach(['concat', 'slice', 'splice'], function(methodName) {
      var func = arrayRef[methodName];
      lodash.prototype[methodName] = function() {
        return new lodashWrapper(func.apply(this.__wrapped__, arguments), this.__chain__);
      };
    });

    // avoid array-like object bugs with `Array#shift` and `Array#splice`
    // in IE < 9, Firefox < 10, Narwhal, and RingoJS
    if (!support.spliceObjects) {
      baseEach(['pop', 'shift', 'splice'], function(methodName) {
        var func = arrayRef[methodName],
            isSplice = methodName == 'splice';

        lodash.prototype[methodName] = function() {
          var chainAll = this.__chain__,
              value = this.__wrapped__,
              result = func.apply(value, arguments);

          if (value.length === 0) {
            delete value[0];
          }
          return (chainAll || isSplice)
            ? new lodashWrapper(result, chainAll)
            : result;
        };
      });
    }

    return lodash;
  }

  /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

  // expose Lo-Dash
  var _ = runInContext();

  // some AMD build optimizers like r.js check for condition patterns like the following:
  if (typeof define == 'function' && typeof define.amd == 'object' && define.amd) {
    // Expose Lo-Dash to the global object even when an AMD loader is present in
    // case Lo-Dash is loaded with a RequireJS shim config.
    // See http://requirejs.org/docs/api.html#config-shim
    root._ = _;

    // define as an anonymous module so, through path mapping, it can be
    // referenced as the "underscore" module
    define(function() {
      return _;
    });
  }
  // check for `exports` after `define` in case a build optimizer adds an `exports` object
  else if (freeExports && freeModule) {
    // in Node.js or RingoJS
    if (moduleExports) {
      (freeModule.exports = _)._ = _;
    }
    // in Narwhal or Rhino -require
    else {
      freeExports._ = _;
    }
  }
  else {
    // in a browser or Rhino
    root._ = _;
  }
}.call(this));

//  Underscore.string
//  (c) 2010 Esa-Matti Suuronen <esa-matti aet suuronen dot org>
//  Underscore.string is freely distributable under the terms of the MIT license.
//  Documentation: https://github.com/epeli/underscore.string
//  Some code is borrowed from MooTools and Alexandru Marasteanu.
//  Version '2.3.2'

!function(root, String){
  'use strict';

  // Defining helper functions.

  var nativeTrim = String.prototype.trim;
  var nativeTrimRight = String.prototype.trimRight;
  var nativeTrimLeft = String.prototype.trimLeft;

  var parseNumber = function(source) { return source * 1 || 0; };

  var strRepeat = function(str, qty){
    if (qty < 1) return '';
    var result = '';
    while (qty > 0) {
      if (qty & 1) result += str;
      qty >>= 1, str += str;
    }
    return result;
  };

  var slice = [].slice;

  var defaultToWhiteSpace = function(characters) {
    if (characters == null)
      return '\\s';
    else if (characters.source)
      return characters.source;
    else
      return '[' + _s.escapeRegExp(characters) + ']';
  };

  // Helper for toBoolean
  function boolMatch(s, matchers) {
    var i, matcher, down = s.toLowerCase();
    matchers = [].concat(matchers);
    for (i = 0; i < matchers.length; i += 1) {
      matcher = matchers[i];
      if (!matcher) continue;
      if (matcher.test && matcher.test(s)) return true;
      if (matcher.toLowerCase() === down) return true;
    }
  }

  var escapeChars = {
    lt: '<',
    gt: '>',
    quot: '"',
    amp: '&',
    apos: "'"
  };

  var reversedEscapeChars = {};
  for(var key in escapeChars) reversedEscapeChars[escapeChars[key]] = key;
  reversedEscapeChars["'"] = '#39';

  // sprintf() for JavaScript 0.7-beta1
  // http://www.diveintojavascript.com/projects/javascript-sprintf
  //
  // Copyright (c) Alexandru Marasteanu <alexaholic [at) gmail (dot] com>
  // All rights reserved.

  var sprintf = (function() {
    function get_type(variable) {
      return Object.prototype.toString.call(variable).slice(8, -1).toLowerCase();
    }

    var str_repeat = strRepeat;

    var str_format = function() {
      if (!str_format.cache.hasOwnProperty(arguments[0])) {
        str_format.cache[arguments[0]] = str_format.parse(arguments[0]);
      }
      return str_format.format.call(null, str_format.cache[arguments[0]], arguments);
    };

    str_format.format = function(parse_tree, argv) {
      var cursor = 1, tree_length = parse_tree.length, node_type = '', arg, output = [], i, k, match, pad, pad_character, pad_length;
      for (i = 0; i < tree_length; i++) {
        node_type = get_type(parse_tree[i]);
        if (node_type === 'string') {
          output.push(parse_tree[i]);
        }
        else if (node_type === 'array') {
          match = parse_tree[i]; // convenience purposes only
          if (match[2]) { // keyword argument
            arg = argv[cursor];
            for (k = 0; k < match[2].length; k++) {
              if (!arg.hasOwnProperty(match[2][k])) {
                throw new Error(sprintf('[_.sprintf] property "%s" does not exist', match[2][k]));
              }
              arg = arg[match[2][k]];
            }
          } else if (match[1]) { // positional argument (explicit)
            arg = argv[match[1]];
          }
          else { // positional argument (implicit)
            arg = argv[cursor++];
          }

          if (/[^s]/.test(match[8]) && (get_type(arg) != 'number')) {
            throw new Error(sprintf('[_.sprintf] expecting number but found %s', get_type(arg)));
          }
          switch (match[8]) {
            case 'b': arg = arg.toString(2); break;
            case 'c': arg = String.fromCharCode(arg); break;
            case 'd': arg = parseInt(arg, 10); break;
            case 'e': arg = match[7] ? arg.toExponential(match[7]) : arg.toExponential(); break;
            case 'f': arg = match[7] ? parseFloat(arg).toFixed(match[7]) : parseFloat(arg); break;
            case 'o': arg = arg.toString(8); break;
            case 's': arg = ((arg = String(arg)) && match[7] ? arg.substring(0, match[7]) : arg); break;
            case 'u': arg = Math.abs(arg); break;
            case 'x': arg = arg.toString(16); break;
            case 'X': arg = arg.toString(16).toUpperCase(); break;
          }
          arg = (/[def]/.test(match[8]) && match[3] && arg >= 0 ? '+'+ arg : arg);
          pad_character = match[4] ? match[4] == '0' ? '0' : match[4].charAt(1) : ' ';
          pad_length = match[6] - String(arg).length;
          pad = match[6] ? str_repeat(pad_character, pad_length) : '';
          output.push(match[5] ? arg + pad : pad + arg);
        }
      }
      return output.join('');
    };

    str_format.cache = {};

    str_format.parse = function(fmt) {
      var _fmt = fmt, match = [], parse_tree = [], arg_names = 0;
      while (_fmt) {
        if ((match = /^[^\x25]+/.exec(_fmt)) !== null) {
          parse_tree.push(match[0]);
        }
        else if ((match = /^\x25{2}/.exec(_fmt)) !== null) {
          parse_tree.push('%');
        }
        else if ((match = /^\x25(?:([1-9]\d*)\$|\(([^\)]+)\))?(\+)?(0|'[^$])?(-)?(\d+)?(?:\.(\d+))?([b-fosuxX])/.exec(_fmt)) !== null) {
          if (match[2]) {
            arg_names |= 1;
            var field_list = [], replacement_field = match[2], field_match = [];
            if ((field_match = /^([a-z_][a-z_\d]*)/i.exec(replacement_field)) !== null) {
              field_list.push(field_match[1]);
              while ((replacement_field = replacement_field.substring(field_match[0].length)) !== '') {
                if ((field_match = /^\.([a-z_][a-z_\d]*)/i.exec(replacement_field)) !== null) {
                  field_list.push(field_match[1]);
                }
                else if ((field_match = /^\[(\d+)\]/.exec(replacement_field)) !== null) {
                  field_list.push(field_match[1]);
                }
                else {
                  throw new Error('[_.sprintf] huh?');
                }
              }
            }
            else {
              throw new Error('[_.sprintf] huh?');
            }
            match[2] = field_list;
          }
          else {
            arg_names |= 2;
          }
          if (arg_names === 3) {
            throw new Error('[_.sprintf] mixing positional and named placeholders is not (yet) supported');
          }
          parse_tree.push(match);
        }
        else {
          throw new Error('[_.sprintf] huh?');
        }
        _fmt = _fmt.substring(match[0].length);
      }
      return parse_tree;
    };

    return str_format;
  })();



  // Defining underscore.string

  var _s = {

    VERSION: '2.3.0',

    isBlank: function(str){
      if (str == null) str = '';
      return (/^\s*$/).test(str);
    },

    stripTags: function(str){
      if (str == null) return '';
      return String(str).replace(/<\/?[^>]+>/g, '');
    },

    capitalize : function(str){
      str = str == null ? '' : String(str);
      return str.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + str.slice(1);
    },

    chop: function(str, step){
      if (str == null) return [];
      str = String(str);
      step = ~~step;
      return step > 0 ? str.match(new RegExp('.{1,' + step + '}', 'g')) : [str];
    },

    clean: function(str){
      return _s.strip(str).replace(/\s+/g, ' ');
    },

    count: function(str, substr){
      if (str == null || substr == null) return 0;

      str = String(str);
      substr = String(substr);

      var count = 0,
        pos = 0,
        length = substr.length;

      while (true) {
        pos = str.indexOf(substr, pos);
        if (pos === -1) break;
        count++;
        pos += length;
      }

      return count;
    },

    chars: function(str) {
      if (str == null) return [];
      return String(str).split('');
    },

    swapCase: function(str) {
      if (str == null) return '';
      return String(str).replace(/\S/g, function(c){
        return c === c.toUpperCase() ? c.toLowerCase() : c.toUpperCase();
      });
    },

    escapeHTML: function(str) {
      if (str == null) return '';
      return String(str).replace(/[&<>"']/g, function(m){ return '&' + reversedEscapeChars[m] + ';'; });
    },

    unescapeHTML: function(str) {
      if (str == null) return '';
      return String(str).replace(/\&([^;]+);/g, function(entity, entityCode){
        var match;

        if (entityCode in escapeChars) {
          return escapeChars[entityCode];
        } else if (match = entityCode.match(/^#x([\da-fA-F]+)$/)) {
          return String.fromCharCode(parseInt(match[1], 16));
        } else if (match = entityCode.match(/^#(\d+)$/)) {
          return String.fromCharCode(~~match[1]);
        } else {
          return entity;
        }
      });
    },

    escapeRegExp: function(str){
      if (str == null) return '';
      return String(str).replace(/([.*+?^=!:${}()|[\]\/\\])/g, '\\$1');
    },

    splice: function(str, i, howmany, substr){
      var arr = _s.chars(str);
      arr.splice(~~i, ~~howmany, substr);
      return arr.join('');
    },

    insert: function(str, i, substr){
      return _s.splice(str, i, 0, substr);
    },

    include: function(str, needle){
      if (needle === '') return true;
      if (str == null) return false;
      return String(str).indexOf(needle) !== -1;
    },

    join: function() {
      var args = slice.call(arguments),
        separator = args.shift();

      if (separator == null) separator = '';

      return args.join(separator);
    },

    lines: function(str) {
      if (str == null) return [];
      return String(str).split("\n");
    },

    reverse: function(str){
      return _s.chars(str).reverse().join('');
    },

    startsWith: function(str, starts){
      if (starts === '') return true;
      if (str == null || starts == null) return false;
      str = String(str); starts = String(starts);
      return str.length >= starts.length && str.slice(0, starts.length) === starts;
    },

    endsWith: function(str, ends){
      if (ends === '') return true;
      if (str == null || ends == null) return false;
      str = String(str); ends = String(ends);
      return str.length >= ends.length && str.slice(str.length - ends.length) === ends;
    },

    succ: function(str){
      if (str == null) return '';
      str = String(str);
      return str.slice(0, -1) + String.fromCharCode(str.charCodeAt(str.length-1) + 1);
    },

    titleize: function(str){
      if (str == null) return '';
      str  = String(str).toLowerCase();
      return str.replace(/(?:^|\s|-)\S/g, function(c){ return c.toUpperCase(); });
    },

    camelize: function(str){
      return _s.trim(str).replace(/[-_\s]+(.)?/g, function(match, c){ return c ? c.toUpperCase() : ""; });
    },

    underscored: function(str){
      return _s.trim(str).replace(/([a-z\d])([A-Z]+)/g, '$1_$2').replace(/[-\s]+/g, '_').toLowerCase();
    },

    dasherize: function(str){
      return _s.trim(str).replace(/([A-Z])/g, '-$1').replace(/[-_\s]+/g, '-').toLowerCase();
    },

    classify: function(str){
      return _s.titleize(String(str).replace(/[\W_]/g, ' ')).replace(/\s/g, '');
    },

    humanize: function(str){
      return _s.capitalize(_s.underscored(str).replace(/_id$/,'').replace(/_/g, ' '));
    },

    trim: function(str, characters){
      if (str == null) return '';
      if (!characters && nativeTrim) return nativeTrim.call(str);
      characters = defaultToWhiteSpace(characters);
      return String(str).replace(new RegExp('\^' + characters + '+|' + characters + '+$', 'g'), '');
    },

    ltrim: function(str, characters){
      if (str == null) return '';
      if (!characters && nativeTrimLeft) return nativeTrimLeft.call(str);
      characters = defaultToWhiteSpace(characters);
      return String(str).replace(new RegExp('^' + characters + '+'), '');
    },

    rtrim: function(str, characters){
      if (str == null) return '';
      if (!characters && nativeTrimRight) return nativeTrimRight.call(str);
      characters = defaultToWhiteSpace(characters);
      return String(str).replace(new RegExp(characters + '+$'), '');
    },

    truncate: function(str, length, truncateStr){
      if (str == null) return '';
      str = String(str); truncateStr = truncateStr || '...';
      length = ~~length;
      return str.length > length ? str.slice(0, length) + truncateStr : str;
    },

    /**
     * _s.prune: a more elegant version of truncate
     * prune extra chars, never leaving a half-chopped word.
     * @author github.com/rwz
     */
    prune: function(str, length, pruneStr){
      if (str == null) return '';

      str = String(str); length = ~~length;
      pruneStr = pruneStr != null ? String(pruneStr) : '...';

      if (str.length <= length) return str;

      var tmpl = function(c){ return c.toUpperCase() !== c.toLowerCase() ? 'A' : ' '; },
        template = str.slice(0, length+1).replace(/.(?=\W*\w*$)/g, tmpl); // 'Hello, world' -> 'HellAA AAAAA'

      if (template.slice(template.length-2).match(/\w\w/))
        template = template.replace(/\s*\S+$/, '');
      else
        template = _s.rtrim(template.slice(0, template.length-1));

      return (template+pruneStr).length > str.length ? str : str.slice(0, template.length)+pruneStr;
    },

    words: function(str, delimiter) {
      if (_s.isBlank(str)) return [];
      return _s.trim(str, delimiter).split(delimiter || /\s+/);
    },

    pad: function(str, length, padStr, type) {
      str = str == null ? '' : String(str);
      length = ~~length;

      var padlen  = 0;

      if (!padStr)
        padStr = ' ';
      else if (padStr.length > 1)
        padStr = padStr.charAt(0);

      switch(type) {
        case 'right':
          padlen = length - str.length;
          return str + strRepeat(padStr, padlen);
        case 'both':
          padlen = length - str.length;
          return strRepeat(padStr, Math.ceil(padlen/2)) + str
                  + strRepeat(padStr, Math.floor(padlen/2));
        default: // 'left'
          padlen = length - str.length;
          return strRepeat(padStr, padlen) + str;
        }
    },

    lpad: function(str, length, padStr) {
      return _s.pad(str, length, padStr);
    },

    rpad: function(str, length, padStr) {
      return _s.pad(str, length, padStr, 'right');
    },

    lrpad: function(str, length, padStr) {
      return _s.pad(str, length, padStr, 'both');
    },

    sprintf: sprintf,

    vsprintf: function(fmt, argv){
      argv.unshift(fmt);
      return sprintf.apply(null, argv);
    },

    toNumber: function(str, decimals) {
      if (!str) return 0;
      str = _s.trim(str);
      if (!str.match(/^-?\d+(?:\.\d+)?$/)) return NaN;
      return parseNumber(parseNumber(str).toFixed(~~decimals));
    },

    numberFormat : function(number, dec, dsep, tsep) {
      if (isNaN(number) || number == null) return '';

      number = number.toFixed(~~dec);
      tsep = typeof tsep == 'string' ? tsep : ',';

      var parts = number.split('.'), fnums = parts[0],
        decimals = parts[1] ? (dsep || '.') + parts[1] : '';

      return fnums.replace(/(\d)(?=(?:\d{3})+$)/g, '$1' + tsep) + decimals;
    },

    strRight: function(str, sep){
      if (str == null) return '';
      str = String(str); sep = sep != null ? String(sep) : sep;
      var pos = !sep ? -1 : str.indexOf(sep);
      return ~pos ? str.slice(pos+sep.length, str.length) : str;
    },

    strRightBack: function(str, sep){
      if (str == null) return '';
      str = String(str); sep = sep != null ? String(sep) : sep;
      var pos = !sep ? -1 : str.lastIndexOf(sep);
      return ~pos ? str.slice(pos+sep.length, str.length) : str;
    },

    strLeft: function(str, sep){
      if (str == null) return '';
      str = String(str); sep = sep != null ? String(sep) : sep;
      var pos = !sep ? -1 : str.indexOf(sep);
      return ~pos ? str.slice(0, pos) : str;
    },

    strLeftBack: function(str, sep){
      if (str == null) return '';
      str += ''; sep = sep != null ? ''+sep : sep;
      var pos = str.lastIndexOf(sep);
      return ~pos ? str.slice(0, pos) : str;
    },

    toSentence: function(array, separator, lastSeparator, serial) {
      separator = separator || ', ';
      lastSeparator = lastSeparator || ' and ';
      var a = array.slice(), lastMember = a.pop();

      if (array.length > 2 && serial) lastSeparator = _s.rtrim(separator) + lastSeparator;

      return a.length ? a.join(separator) + lastSeparator + lastMember : lastMember;
    },

    toSentenceSerial: function() {
      var args = slice.call(arguments);
      args[3] = true;
      return _s.toSentence.apply(_s, args);
    },

    slugify: function(str) {
      if (str == null) return '';

      var from  = "ąàáäâãåæăćęèéëêìíïîłńòóöôõøśșțùúüûñçżź",
          to    = "aaaaaaaaaceeeeeiiiilnoooooosstuuuunczz",
          regex = new RegExp(defaultToWhiteSpace(from), 'g');

      str = String(str).toLowerCase().replace(regex, function(c){
        var index = from.indexOf(c);
        return to.charAt(index) || '-';
      });

      return _s.dasherize(str.replace(/[^\w\s-]/g, ''));
    },

    surround: function(str, wrapper) {
      return [wrapper, str, wrapper].join('');
    },

    quote: function(str, quoteChar) {
      return _s.surround(str, quoteChar || '"');
    },

    unquote: function(str, quoteChar) {
      quoteChar = quoteChar || '"';
      if (str[0] === quoteChar && str[str.length-1] === quoteChar)
        return str.slice(1,str.length-1);
      else return str;
    },

    exports: function() {
      var result = {};

      for (var prop in this) {
        if (!this.hasOwnProperty(prop) || prop.match(/^(?:include|contains|reverse)$/)) continue;
        result[prop] = this[prop];
      }

      return result;
    },

    repeat: function(str, qty, separator){
      if (str == null) return '';

      qty = ~~qty;

      // using faster implementation if separator is not needed;
      if (separator == null) return strRepeat(String(str), qty);

      // this one is about 300x slower in Google Chrome
      for (var repeat = []; qty > 0; repeat[--qty] = str) {}
      return repeat.join(separator);
    },

    naturalCmp: function(str1, str2){
      if (str1 == str2) return 0;
      if (!str1) return -1;
      if (!str2) return 1;

      var cmpRegex = /(\.\d+)|(\d+)|(\D+)/g,
        tokens1 = String(str1).toLowerCase().match(cmpRegex),
        tokens2 = String(str2).toLowerCase().match(cmpRegex),
        count = Math.min(tokens1.length, tokens2.length);

      for(var i = 0; i < count; i++) {
        var a = tokens1[i], b = tokens2[i];

        if (a !== b){
          var num1 = parseInt(a, 10);
          if (!isNaN(num1)){
            var num2 = parseInt(b, 10);
            if (!isNaN(num2) && num1 - num2)
              return num1 - num2;
          }
          return a < b ? -1 : 1;
        }
      }

      if (tokens1.length === tokens2.length)
        return tokens1.length - tokens2.length;

      return str1 < str2 ? -1 : 1;
    },

    levenshtein: function(str1, str2) {
      if (str1 == null && str2 == null) return 0;
      if (str1 == null) return String(str2).length;
      if (str2 == null) return String(str1).length;

      str1 = String(str1); str2 = String(str2);

      var current = [], prev, value;

      for (var i = 0; i <= str2.length; i++)
        for (var j = 0; j <= str1.length; j++) {
          if (i && j)
            if (str1.charAt(j - 1) === str2.charAt(i - 1))
              value = prev;
            else
              value = Math.min(current[j], current[j - 1], prev) + 1;
          else
            value = i + j;

          prev = current[j];
          current[j] = value;
        }

      return current.pop();
    },

    toBoolean: function(str, trueValues, falseValues) {
      if (typeof str === "number") str = "" + str;
      if (typeof str !== "string") return !!str;
      str = _s.trim(str);
      if (boolMatch(str, trueValues || ["true", "1"])) return true;
      if (boolMatch(str, falseValues || ["false", "0"])) return false;
    }
  };

  // Aliases

  _s.strip    = _s.trim;
  _s.lstrip   = _s.ltrim;
  _s.rstrip   = _s.rtrim;
  _s.center   = _s.lrpad;
  _s.rjust    = _s.lpad;
  _s.ljust    = _s.rpad;
  _s.contains = _s.include;
  _s.q        = _s.quote;
  _s.toBool   = _s.toBoolean;

  // Exporting

  // CommonJS module is defined
  if (typeof exports !== 'undefined') {
    if (typeof module !== 'undefined' && module.exports)
      module.exports = _s;

    exports._s = _s;
  }

  // Register as a named module with AMD.
  if (typeof define === 'function' && define.amd)
    define('underscore.string', [], function(){ return _s; });


  // Integrate with Underscore.js if defined
  // or create our own underscore object.
  root._ = root._ || {};
  root._.string = root._.str = _s;
}(this, String);

/**
 * @preserve FastClick: polyfill to remove click delays on browsers with touch UIs.
 *
 * @version 1.0.3
 * @codingstandard ftlabs-jsv2
 * @copyright The Financial Times Limited [All Rights Reserved]
 * @license MIT License (see LICENSE.txt)
 */

/*jslint browser:true, node:true*/
/*global define, Event, Node*/


/**
 * Instantiate fast-clicking listeners on the specified layer.
 *
 * @constructor
 * @param {Element} layer The layer to listen on
 * @param {Object} options The options to override the defaults
 */
function FastClick(layer, options) {
	'use strict';
	var oldOnClick;

	options = options || {};

	/**
	 * Whether a click is currently being tracked.
	 *
	 * @type boolean
	 */
	this.trackingClick = false;


	/**
	 * Timestamp for when click tracking started.
	 *
	 * @type number
	 */
	this.trackingClickStart = 0;


	/**
	 * The element being tracked for a click.
	 *
	 * @type EventTarget
	 */
	this.targetElement = null;


	/**
	 * X-coordinate of touch start event.
	 *
	 * @type number
	 */
	this.touchStartX = 0;


	/**
	 * Y-coordinate of touch start event.
	 *
	 * @type number
	 */
	this.touchStartY = 0;


	/**
	 * ID of the last touch, retrieved from Touch.identifier.
	 *
	 * @type number
	 */
	this.lastTouchIdentifier = 0;


	/**
	 * Touchmove boundary, beyond which a click will be cancelled.
	 *
	 * @type number
	 */
	this.touchBoundary = options.touchBoundary || 10;


	/**
	 * The FastClick layer.
	 *
	 * @type Element
	 */
	this.layer = layer;

	/**
	 * The minimum time between tap(touchstart and touchend) events
	 *
	 * @type number
	 */
	this.tapDelay = options.tapDelay || 200;

	if (FastClick.notNeeded(layer)) {
		return;
	}

	// Some old versions of Android don't have Function.prototype.bind
	function bind(method, context) {
		return function() { return method.apply(context, arguments); };
	}


	var methods = ['onMouse', 'onClick', 'onTouchStart', 'onTouchMove', 'onTouchEnd', 'onTouchCancel'];
	var context = this;
	for (var i = 0, l = methods.length; i < l; i++) {
		context[methods[i]] = bind(context[methods[i]], context);
	}

	// Set up event handlers as required
	if (deviceIsAndroid) {
		layer.addEventListener('mouseover', this.onMouse, true);
		layer.addEventListener('mousedown', this.onMouse, true);
		layer.addEventListener('mouseup', this.onMouse, true);
	}

	layer.addEventListener('click', this.onClick, true);
	layer.addEventListener('touchstart', this.onTouchStart, false);
	layer.addEventListener('touchmove', this.onTouchMove, false);
	layer.addEventListener('touchend', this.onTouchEnd, false);
	layer.addEventListener('touchcancel', this.onTouchCancel, false);

	// Hack is required for browsers that don't support Event#stopImmediatePropagation (e.g. Android 2)
	// which is how FastClick normally stops click events bubbling to callbacks registered on the FastClick
	// layer when they are cancelled.
	if (!Event.prototype.stopImmediatePropagation) {
		layer.removeEventListener = function(type, callback, capture) {
			var rmv = Node.prototype.removeEventListener;
			if (type === 'click') {
				rmv.call(layer, type, callback.hijacked || callback, capture);
			} else {
				rmv.call(layer, type, callback, capture);
			}
		};

		layer.addEventListener = function(type, callback, capture) {
			var adv = Node.prototype.addEventListener;
			if (type === 'click') {
				adv.call(layer, type, callback.hijacked || (callback.hijacked = function(event) {
					if (!event.propagationStopped) {
						callback(event);
					}
				}), capture);
			} else {
				adv.call(layer, type, callback, capture);
			}
		};
	}

	// If a handler is already declared in the element's onclick attribute, it will be fired before
	// FastClick's onClick handler. Fix this by pulling out the user-defined handler function and
	// adding it as listener.
	if (typeof layer.onclick === 'function') {

		// Android browser on at least 3.2 requires a new reference to the function in layer.onclick
		// - the old one won't work if passed to addEventListener directly.
		oldOnClick = layer.onclick;
		layer.addEventListener('click', function(event) {
			oldOnClick(event);
		}, false);
		layer.onclick = null;
	}
}


/**
 * Android requires exceptions.
 *
 * @type boolean
 */
var deviceIsAndroid = navigator.userAgent.indexOf('Android') > 0;


/**
 * iOS requires exceptions.
 *
 * @type boolean
 */
var deviceIsIOS = /iP(ad|hone|od)/.test(navigator.userAgent);


/**
 * iOS 4 requires an exception for select elements.
 *
 * @type boolean
 */
var deviceIsIOS4 = deviceIsIOS && (/OS 4_\d(_\d)?/).test(navigator.userAgent);


/**
 * iOS 6.0(+?) requires the target element to be manually derived
 *
 * @type boolean
 */
var deviceIsIOSWithBadTarget = deviceIsIOS && (/OS ([6-9]|\d{2})_\d/).test(navigator.userAgent);

/**
 * BlackBerry requires exceptions.
 *
 * @type boolean
 */
var deviceIsBlackBerry10 = navigator.userAgent.indexOf('BB10') > 0;

/**
 * Determine whether a given element requires a native click.
 *
 * @param {EventTarget|Element} target Target DOM element
 * @returns {boolean} Returns true if the element needs a native click
 */
FastClick.prototype.needsClick = function(target) {
	'use strict';
	switch (target.nodeName.toLowerCase()) {

	// Don't send a synthetic click to disabled inputs (issue #62)
	case 'button':
	case 'select':
	case 'textarea':
		if (target.disabled) {
			return true;
		}

		break;
	case 'input':

		// File inputs need real clicks on iOS 6 due to a browser bug (issue #68)
		if ((deviceIsIOS && target.type === 'file') || target.disabled) {
			return true;
		}

		break;
	case 'label':
	case 'video':
		return true;
	}

	return (/\bneedsclick\b/).test(target.className);
};


/**
 * Determine whether a given element requires a call to focus to simulate click into element.
 *
 * @param {EventTarget|Element} target Target DOM element
 * @returns {boolean} Returns true if the element requires a call to focus to simulate native click.
 */
FastClick.prototype.needsFocus = function(target) {
	'use strict';
	switch (target.nodeName.toLowerCase()) {
	case 'textarea':
		return true;
	case 'select':
		return !deviceIsAndroid;
	case 'input':
		switch (target.type) {
		case 'button':
		case 'checkbox':
		case 'file':
		case 'image':
		case 'radio':
		case 'submit':
			return false;
		}

		// No point in attempting to focus disabled inputs
		return !target.disabled && !target.readOnly;
	default:
		return (/\bneedsfocus\b/).test(target.className);
	}
};


/**
 * Send a click event to the specified element.
 *
 * @param {EventTarget|Element} targetElement
 * @param {Event} event
 */
FastClick.prototype.sendClick = function(targetElement, event) {
	'use strict';
	var clickEvent, touch;

	// On some Android devices activeElement needs to be blurred otherwise the synthetic click will have no effect (#24)
	if (document.activeElement && document.activeElement !== targetElement) {
		document.activeElement.blur();
	}

	touch = event.changedTouches[0];

	// Synthesise a click event, with an extra attribute so it can be tracked
	clickEvent = document.createEvent('MouseEvents');
	clickEvent.initMouseEvent(this.determineEventType(targetElement), true, true, window, 1, touch.screenX, touch.screenY, touch.clientX, touch.clientY, false, false, false, false, 0, null);
	clickEvent.forwardedTouchEvent = true;
	targetElement.dispatchEvent(clickEvent);
};

FastClick.prototype.determineEventType = function(targetElement) {
	'use strict';

	//Issue #159: Android Chrome Select Box does not open with a synthetic click event
	if (deviceIsAndroid && targetElement.tagName.toLowerCase() === 'select') {
		return 'mousedown';
	}

	return 'click';
};


/**
 * @param {EventTarget|Element} targetElement
 */
FastClick.prototype.focus = function(targetElement) {
	'use strict';
	var length;

	// Issue #160: on iOS 7, some input elements (e.g. date datetime) throw a vague TypeError on setSelectionRange. These elements don't have an integer value for the selectionStart and selectionEnd properties, but unfortunately that can't be used for detection because accessing the properties also throws a TypeError. Just check the type instead. Filed as Apple bug #15122724.
	if (deviceIsIOS && targetElement.setSelectionRange && targetElement.type.indexOf('date') !== 0 && targetElement.type !== 'time') {
		length = targetElement.value.length;
		targetElement.setSelectionRange(length, length);
	} else {
		targetElement.focus();
	}
};


/**
 * Check whether the given target element is a child of a scrollable layer and if so, set a flag on it.
 *
 * @param {EventTarget|Element} targetElement
 */
FastClick.prototype.updateScrollParent = function(targetElement) {
	'use strict';
	var scrollParent, parentElement;

	scrollParent = targetElement.fastClickScrollParent;

	// Attempt to discover whether the target element is contained within a scrollable layer. Re-check if the
	// target element was moved to another parent.
	if (!scrollParent || !scrollParent.contains(targetElement)) {
		parentElement = targetElement;
		do {
			if (parentElement.scrollHeight > parentElement.offsetHeight) {
				scrollParent = parentElement;
				targetElement.fastClickScrollParent = parentElement;
				break;
			}

			parentElement = parentElement.parentElement;
		} while (parentElement);
	}

	// Always update the scroll top tracker if possible.
	if (scrollParent) {
		scrollParent.fastClickLastScrollTop = scrollParent.scrollTop;
	}
};


/**
 * @param {EventTarget} targetElement
 * @returns {Element|EventTarget}
 */
FastClick.prototype.getTargetElementFromEventTarget = function(eventTarget) {
	'use strict';

	// On some older browsers (notably Safari on iOS 4.1 - see issue #56) the event target may be a text node.
	if (eventTarget.nodeType === Node.TEXT_NODE) {
		return eventTarget.parentNode;
	}

	return eventTarget;
};


/**
 * On touch start, record the position and scroll offset.
 *
 * @param {Event} event
 * @returns {boolean}
 */
FastClick.prototype.onTouchStart = function(event) {
	'use strict';
	var targetElement, touch, selection;

	// Ignore multiple touches, otherwise pinch-to-zoom is prevented if both fingers are on the FastClick element (issue #111).
	if (event.targetTouches.length > 1) {
		return true;
	}

	targetElement = this.getTargetElementFromEventTarget(event.target);
	touch = event.targetTouches[0];

	if (deviceIsIOS) {

		// Only trusted events will deselect text on iOS (issue #49)
		selection = window.getSelection();
		if (selection.rangeCount && !selection.isCollapsed) {
			return true;
		}

		if (!deviceIsIOS4) {

			// Weird things happen on iOS when an alert or confirm dialog is opened from a click event callback (issue #23):
			// when the user next taps anywhere else on the page, new touchstart and touchend events are dispatched
			// with the same identifier as the touch event that previously triggered the click that triggered the alert.
			// Sadly, there is an issue on iOS 4 that causes some normal touch events to have the same identifier as an
			// immediately preceeding touch event (issue #52), so this fix is unavailable on that platform.
			// Issue 120: touch.identifier is 0 when Chrome dev tools 'Emulate touch events' is set with an iOS device UA string,
			// which causes all touch events to be ignored. As this block only applies to iOS, and iOS identifiers are always long,
			// random integers, it's safe to to continue if the identifier is 0 here.
			if (touch.identifier && touch.identifier === this.lastTouchIdentifier) {
				event.preventDefault();
				return false;
			}

			this.lastTouchIdentifier = touch.identifier;

			// If the target element is a child of a scrollable layer (using -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch) and:
			// 1) the user does a fling scroll on the scrollable layer
			// 2) the user stops the fling scroll with another tap
			// then the event.target of the last 'touchend' event will be the element that was under the user's finger
			// when the fling scroll was started, causing FastClick to send a click event to that layer - unless a check
			// is made to ensure that a parent layer was not scrolled before sending a synthetic click (issue #42).
			this.updateScrollParent(targetElement);
		}
	}

	this.trackingClick = true;
	this.trackingClickStart = event.timeStamp;
	this.targetElement = targetElement;

	this.touchStartX = touch.pageX;
	this.touchStartY = touch.pageY;

	// Prevent phantom clicks on fast double-tap (issue #36)
	if ((event.timeStamp - this.lastClickTime) < this.tapDelay) {
		event.preventDefault();
	}

	return true;
};


/**
 * Based on a touchmove event object, check whether the touch has moved past a boundary since it started.
 *
 * @param {Event} event
 * @returns {boolean}
 */
FastClick.prototype.touchHasMoved = function(event) {
	'use strict';
	var touch = event.changedTouches[0], boundary = this.touchBoundary;

	if (Math.abs(touch.pageX - this.touchStartX) > boundary || Math.abs(touch.pageY - this.touchStartY) > boundary) {
		return true;
	}

	return false;
};


/**
 * Update the last position.
 *
 * @param {Event} event
 * @returns {boolean}
 */
FastClick.prototype.onTouchMove = function(event) {
	'use strict';
	if (!this.trackingClick) {
		return true;
	}

	// If the touch has moved, cancel the click tracking
	if (this.targetElement !== this.getTargetElementFromEventTarget(event.target) || this.touchHasMoved(event)) {
		this.trackingClick = false;
		this.targetElement = null;
	}

	return true;
};


/**
 * Attempt to find the labelled control for the given label element.
 *
 * @param {EventTarget|HTMLLabelElement} labelElement
 * @returns {Element|null}
 */
FastClick.prototype.findControl = function(labelElement) {
	'use strict';

	// Fast path for newer browsers supporting the HTML5 control attribute
	if (labelElement.control !== undefined) {
		return labelElement.control;
	}

	// All browsers under test that support touch events also support the HTML5 htmlFor attribute
	if (labelElement.htmlFor) {
		return document.getElementById(labelElement.htmlFor);
	}

	// If no for attribute exists, attempt to retrieve the first labellable descendant element
	// the list of which is defined here: http://www.w3.org/TR/html5/forms.html#category-label
	return labelElement.querySelector('button, input:not([type=hidden]), keygen, meter, output, progress, select, textarea');
};


/**
 * On touch end, determine whether to send a click event at once.
 *
 * @param {Event} event
 * @returns {boolean}
 */
FastClick.prototype.onTouchEnd = function(event) {
	'use strict';
	var forElement, trackingClickStart, targetTagName, scrollParent, touch, targetElement = this.targetElement;

	if (!this.trackingClick) {
		return true;
	}

	// Prevent phantom clicks on fast double-tap (issue #36)
	if ((event.timeStamp - this.lastClickTime) < this.tapDelay) {
		this.cancelNextClick = true;
		return true;
	}

	// Reset to prevent wrong click cancel on input (issue #156).
	this.cancelNextClick = false;

	this.lastClickTime = event.timeStamp;

	trackingClickStart = this.trackingClickStart;
	this.trackingClick = false;
	this.trackingClickStart = 0;

	// On some iOS devices, the targetElement supplied with the event is invalid if the layer
	// is performing a transition or scroll, and has to be re-detected manually. Note that
	// for this to function correctly, it must be called *after* the event target is checked!
	// See issue #57; also filed as rdar://13048589 .
	if (deviceIsIOSWithBadTarget) {
		touch = event.changedTouches[0];

		// In certain cases arguments of elementFromPoint can be negative, so prevent setting targetElement to null
		targetElement = document.elementFromPoint(touch.pageX - window.pageXOffset, touch.pageY - window.pageYOffset) || targetElement;
		targetElement.fastClickScrollParent = this.targetElement.fastClickScrollParent;
	}

	targetTagName = targetElement.tagName.toLowerCase();
	if (targetTagName === 'label') {
		forElement = this.findControl(targetElement);
		if (forElement) {
			this.focus(targetElement);
			if (deviceIsAndroid) {
				return false;
			}

			targetElement = forElement;
		}
	} else if (this.needsFocus(targetElement)) {

		// Case 1: If the touch started a while ago (best guess is 100ms based on tests for issue #36) then focus will be triggered anyway. Return early and unset the target element reference so that the subsequent click will be allowed through.
		// Case 2: Without this exception for input elements tapped when the document is contained in an iframe, then any inputted text won't be visible even though the value attribute is updated as the user types (issue #37).
		if ((event.timeStamp - trackingClickStart) > 100 || (deviceIsIOS && window.top !== window && targetTagName === 'input')) {
			this.targetElement = null;
			return false;
		}

		this.focus(targetElement);
		this.sendClick(targetElement, event);

		// Select elements need the event to go through on iOS 4, otherwise the selector menu won't open.
		// Also this breaks opening selects when VoiceOver is active on iOS6, iOS7 (and possibly others)
		if (!deviceIsIOS || targetTagName !== 'select') {
			this.targetElement = null;
			event.preventDefault();
		}

		return false;
	}

	if (deviceIsIOS && !deviceIsIOS4) {

		// Don't send a synthetic click event if the target element is contained within a parent layer that was scrolled
		// and this tap is being used to stop the scrolling (usually initiated by a fling - issue #42).
		scrollParent = targetElement.fastClickScrollParent;
		if (scrollParent && scrollParent.fastClickLastScrollTop !== scrollParent.scrollTop) {
			return true;
		}
	}

	// Prevent the actual click from going though - unless the target node is marked as requiring
	// real clicks or if it is in the whitelist in which case only non-programmatic clicks are permitted.
	if (!this.needsClick(targetElement)) {
		event.preventDefault();
		this.sendClick(targetElement, event);
	}

	return false;
};


/**
 * On touch cancel, stop tracking the click.
 *
 * @returns {void}
 */
FastClick.prototype.onTouchCancel = function() {
	'use strict';
	this.trackingClick = false;
	this.targetElement = null;
};


/**
 * Determine mouse events which should be permitted.
 *
 * @param {Event} event
 * @returns {boolean}
 */
FastClick.prototype.onMouse = function(event) {
	'use strict';

	// If a target element was never set (because a touch event was never fired) allow the event
	if (!this.targetElement) {
		return true;
	}

	if (event.forwardedTouchEvent) {
		return true;
	}

	// Programmatically generated events targeting a specific element should be permitted
	if (!event.cancelable) {
		return true;
	}

	// Derive and check the target element to see whether the mouse event needs to be permitted;
	// unless explicitly enabled, prevent non-touch click events from triggering actions,
	// to prevent ghost/doubleclicks.
	if (!this.needsClick(this.targetElement) || this.cancelNextClick) {

		// Prevent any user-added listeners declared on FastClick element from being fired.
		if (event.stopImmediatePropagation) {
			event.stopImmediatePropagation();
		} else {

			// Part of the hack for browsers that don't support Event#stopImmediatePropagation (e.g. Android 2)
			event.propagationStopped = true;
		}

		// Cancel the event
		event.stopPropagation();
		event.preventDefault();

		return false;
	}

	// If the mouse event is permitted, return true for the action to go through.
	return true;
};


/**
 * On actual clicks, determine whether this is a touch-generated click, a click action occurring
 * naturally after a delay after a touch (which needs to be cancelled to avoid duplication), or
 * an actual click which should be permitted.
 *
 * @param {Event} event
 * @returns {boolean}
 */
FastClick.prototype.onClick = function(event) {
	'use strict';
	var permitted;

	// It's possible for another FastClick-like library delivered with third-party code to fire a click event before FastClick does (issue #44). In that case, set the click-tracking flag back to false and return early. This will cause onTouchEnd to return early.
	if (this.trackingClick) {
		this.targetElement = null;
		this.trackingClick = false;
		return true;
	}

	// Very odd behaviour on iOS (issue #18): if a submit element is present inside a form and the user hits enter in the iOS simulator or clicks the Go button on the pop-up OS keyboard the a kind of 'fake' click event will be triggered with the submit-type input element as the target.
	if (event.target.type === 'submit' && event.detail === 0) {
		return true;
	}

	permitted = this.onMouse(event);

	// Only unset targetElement if the click is not permitted. This will ensure that the check for !targetElement in onMouse fails and the browser's click doesn't go through.
	if (!permitted) {
		this.targetElement = null;
	}

	// If clicks are permitted, return true for the action to go through.
	return permitted;
};


/**
 * Remove all FastClick's event listeners.
 *
 * @returns {void}
 */
FastClick.prototype.destroy = function() {
	'use strict';
	var layer = this.layer;

	if (deviceIsAndroid) {
		layer.removeEventListener('mouseover', this.onMouse, true);
		layer.removeEventListener('mousedown', this.onMouse, true);
		layer.removeEventListener('mouseup', this.onMouse, true);
	}

	layer.removeEventListener('click', this.onClick, true);
	layer.removeEventListener('touchstart', this.onTouchStart, false);
	layer.removeEventListener('touchmove', this.onTouchMove, false);
	layer.removeEventListener('touchend', this.onTouchEnd, false);
	layer.removeEventListener('touchcancel', this.onTouchCancel, false);
};


/**
 * Check whether FastClick is needed.
 *
 * @param {Element} layer The layer to listen on
 */
FastClick.notNeeded = function(layer) {
	'use strict';
	var metaViewport;
	var chromeVersion;
	var blackberryVersion;

	// Devices that don't support touch don't need FastClick
	if (typeof window.ontouchstart === 'undefined') {
		return true;
	}

	// Chrome version - zero for other browsers
	chromeVersion = +(/Chrome\/([0-9]+)/.exec(navigator.userAgent) || [,0])[1];

	if (chromeVersion) {

		if (deviceIsAndroid) {
			metaViewport = document.querySelector('meta[name=viewport]');

			if (metaViewport) {
				// Chrome on Android with user-scalable="no" doesn't need FastClick (issue #89)
				if (metaViewport.content.indexOf('user-scalable=no') !== -1) {
					return true;
				}
				// Chrome 32 and above with width=device-width or less don't need FastClick
				if (chromeVersion > 31 && document.documentElement.scrollWidth <= window.outerWidth) {
					return true;
				}
			}

		// Chrome desktop doesn't need FastClick (issue #15)
		} else {
			return true;
		}
	}

	if (deviceIsBlackBerry10) {
		blackberryVersion = navigator.userAgent.match(/Version\/([0-9]*)\.([0-9]*)/);

		// BlackBerry 10.3+ does not require Fastclick library.
		// https://github.com/ftlabs/fastclick/issues/251
		if (blackberryVersion[1] >= 10 && blackberryVersion[2] >= 3) {
			metaViewport = document.querySelector('meta[name=viewport]');

			if (metaViewport) {
				// user-scalable=no eliminates click delay.
				if (metaViewport.content.indexOf('user-scalable=no') !== -1) {
					return true;
				}
				// width=device-width (or less than device-width) eliminates click delay.
				if (document.documentElement.scrollWidth <= window.outerWidth) {
					return true;
				}
			}
		}
	}

	// IE10 with -ms-touch-action: none, which disables double-tap-to-zoom (issue #97)
	if (layer.style.msTouchAction === 'none') {
		return true;
	}

	return false;
};


/**
 * Factory method for creating a FastClick object
 *
 * @param {Element} layer The layer to listen on
 * @param {Object} options The options to override the defaults
 */
FastClick.attach = function(layer, options) {
	'use strict';
	return new FastClick(layer, options);
};


if (typeof define == 'function' && typeof define.amd == 'object' && define.amd) {

	// AMD. Register as an anonymous module.
	define(function() {
		'use strict';
		return FastClick;
	});
} else if (typeof module !== 'undefined' && module.exports) {
	module.exports = FastClick.attach;
	module.exports.FastClick = FastClick;
} else {
	window.FastClick = FastClick;
}

/*!
 * verge 1.9.1+201402130803
 * https://github.com/ryanve/verge
 * MIT License 2013 Ryan Van Etten
 */

(function(root, name, make) {
  if (typeof module != 'undefined' && module['exports']) module['exports'] = make();
  else root[name] = make();
}(this, 'verge', function() {

  var xports = {}
    , win = typeof window != 'undefined' && window
    , doc = typeof document != 'undefined' && document
    , docElem = doc && doc.documentElement
    , matchMedia = win['matchMedia'] || win['msMatchMedia']
    , mq = matchMedia ? function(q) {
        return !!matchMedia.call(win, q).matches;
      } : function() {
        return false;
      }
    , viewportW = xports['viewportW'] = function() {
        var a = docElem['clientWidth'], b = win['innerWidth'];
        return a < b ? b : a;
      }
    , viewportH = xports['viewportH'] = function() {
        var a = docElem['clientHeight'], b = win['innerHeight'];
        return a < b ? b : a;
      };
  
  /** 
   * Test if a media query is active. Like Modernizr.mq
   * @since 1.6.0
   * @return {boolean}
   */  
  xports['mq'] = mq;

  /** 
   * Normalized matchMedia
   * @since 1.6.0
   * @return {MediaQueryList|Object}
   */ 
  xports['matchMedia'] = matchMedia ? function() {
    // matchMedia must be binded to window
    return matchMedia.apply(win, arguments);
  } : function() {
    // Gracefully degrade to plain object
    return {};
  };

  /**
   * @since 1.8.0
   * @return {{width:number, height:number}}
   */
  function viewport() {
    return {'width':viewportW(), 'height':viewportH()};
  }
  xports['viewport'] = viewport;
  
  /** 
   * Cross-browser window.scrollX
   * @since 1.0.0
   * @return {number}
   */
  xports['scrollX'] = function() {
    return win.pageXOffset || docElem.scrollLeft; 
  };

  /** 
   * Cross-browser window.scrollY
   * @since 1.0.0
   * @return {number}
   */
  xports['scrollY'] = function() {
    return win.pageYOffset || docElem.scrollTop; 
  };

  /**
   * @param {{top:number, right:number, bottom:number, left:number}} coords
   * @param {number=} cushion adjustment
   * @return {Object}
   */
  function calibrate(coords, cushion) {
    var o = {};
    cushion = +cushion || 0;
    o['width'] = (o['right'] = coords['right'] + cushion) - (o['left'] = coords['left'] - cushion);
    o['height'] = (o['bottom'] = coords['bottom'] + cushion) - (o['top'] = coords['top'] - cushion);
    return o;
  }

  /**
   * Cross-browser element.getBoundingClientRect plus optional cushion.
   * Coords are relative to the top-left corner of the viewport.
   * @since 1.0.0
   * @param {Element|Object} el element or stack (uses first item)
   * @param {number=} cushion +/- pixel adjustment amount
   * @return {Object|boolean}
   */
  function rectangle(el, cushion) {
    el = el && !el.nodeType ? el[0] : el;
    if (!el || 1 !== el.nodeType) return false;
    return calibrate(el.getBoundingClientRect(), cushion);
  }
  xports['rectangle'] = rectangle;

  /**
   * Get the viewport aspect ratio (or the aspect ratio of an object or element)
   * @since 1.7.0
   * @param {(Element|Object)=} o optional object with width/height props or methods
   * @return {number}
   * @link http://w3.org/TR/css3-mediaqueries/#orientation
   */
  function aspect(o) {
    o = null == o ? viewport() : 1 === o.nodeType ? rectangle(o) : o;
    var h = o['height'], w = o['width'];
    h = typeof h == 'function' ? h.call(o) : h;
    w = typeof w == 'function' ? w.call(o) : w;
    return w/h;
  }
  xports['aspect'] = aspect;

  /**
   * Test if an element is in the same x-axis section as the viewport.
   * @since 1.0.0
   * @param {Element|Object} el
   * @param {number=} cushion
   * @return {boolean}
   */
  xports['inX'] = function(el, cushion) {
    var r = rectangle(el, cushion);
    return !!r && r.right >= 0 && r.left <= viewportW();
  };

  /**
   * Test if an element is in the same y-axis section as the viewport.
   * @since 1.0.0
   * @param {Element|Object} el
   * @param {number=} cushion
   * @return {boolean}
   */
  xports['inY'] = function(el, cushion) {
    var r = rectangle(el, cushion);
    return !!r && r.bottom >= 0 && r.top <= viewportH();
  };

  /**
   * Test if an element is in the viewport.
   * @since 1.0.0
   * @param {Element|Object} el
   * @param {number=} cushion
   * @return {boolean}
   */
  xports['inViewport'] = function(el, cushion) {
    // Equiv to `inX(el, cushion) && inY(el, cushion)` but just manually do both 
    // to avoid calling rectangle() twice. It gzips just as small like this.
    var r = rectangle(el, cushion);
    return !!r && r.bottom >= 0 && r.right >= 0 && r.top <= viewportH() && r.left <= viewportW();
  };

  return xports;
}));
}

/*
     FILE ARCHIVED ON 08:24:47 Feb 01, 2015 AND RETRIEVED FROM THE
     INTERNET ARCHIVE ON 07:48:04 Jun 26, 2026.
     JAVASCRIPT APPENDED BY WAYBACK MACHINE, COPYRIGHT INTERNET ARCHIVE.

     ALL OTHER CONTENT MAY ALSO BE PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT (17 U.S.C.
     SECTION 108(a)(3)).
*/
/*
playback timings (ms):
  capture_cache.get: 0.594
  load_resource: 86.509
  PetaboxLoader3.resolve: 34.086
  PetaboxLoader3.datanode: 25.828
*/